Kincardine (Kincardineshire)

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Kincardine was the first capital of the county of Kincardineshire named after her or the immediately northeastern Kincardine Castle . It is no longer available .

location

Kincardine was north of the Howe of the Mearns countryside in south-west Aberdeenshire . Closest towns were Fettercairn , about three kilometers to the southwest, and Laurencekirk , six kilometers to the southeast. A road from Edzell Castle ran through the village and past the castle to the Cairn O 'Mounth pass in the north of the Grampian Mountains . The use of this route by military units has been proven several times since the 11th century. In the system of partitioning Scotland into parishes , the castle and town belonged to Fordoun ; today they belong to the Community Council Area Mearns .

history

The early history of Kincardines is unknown, but the place and the castle, which was probably built at the beginning of the 13th century, are probably connected. It was of central importance for the hunt by the Scottish kings with falcons in a game reserve to the north-west . Robert II was the last documented presence of a Scottish monarch in 1383 , after which its traces are lost. Today only parts of the foundation walls are left.

In 1475 the area was divided up: the castle and wildlife park fell to the Strachan of Thornton , and the village with the chapel dedicated to Catherine of Siena to the Earls Marischal . In 1531 or 1532 the 4th Earl Marischal was given permission to make Kincardine the seat of Kincardineshire. In 1541, Kincardine was given town and market rights as the Burgh of Barony - the neighboring Fettercairn had already received these in 1504. In its heyday, the town is said to have reached the height of Fettercairn House , which corresponds to a distance of around 1500 meters from the north gate; half of them are more likely to be.

After no Tolbooth was built in the village in the following years and there was also a lack of adequate accommodation for the arriving judges, the administrative seat was moved to Stonehaven at the end of the 16th century . This led to a rapid decline in the importance of the city. The relocation of the pass road to the north side of Hunter's Hill and an associated shorter tour to Fettercairn may have contributed to this. The last burial in the cemetery is recorded for 1786, in 1789 a few houses were still standing near the entrance gates and at the market cross, in 1863 these had also disappeared.

The area on both sides of the road is now an agricultural area. There are no remains of either of the two entrance gates or of the chapel; a single tombstone is said to have existed from the Kincardine cemetery in 1971. Only one farm with its name Castleton reminds of the small town by the castle. According to local tradition, the market cross was brought to Fettercairn in 1730, but there is no evidence for this. It was mentioned for the last time in 1752.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ William Douglas Simpson: Edzell Castle. Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, Vol. 65, Edinburgh 1930-31, pp. 115f. Digitized version , PDF file, 6 MB, accessed on August 20, 2018 (English)
  2. ^ William Douglas Simpson: The early Castles of Mar. Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, Vol. 63, Edinburgh 1928-29, pp. 119f. Digitized version , PDF file, 2 MB, accessed on August 20, 2018 (English)
  3. ↑ The History of the Howe - Early Times on a website about Howe of the Mearns, accessed August 20, 2018.
  4. ↑ Scheduled Monument - Entry . In: Historic Scotland .
  5. ↑ a b Kincardine Castle on the Aberdeenshire Administration website, accessed August 20, 2018
  6. ↑ Andrew Jervise, James Gammack: Memorials of Angus and Mearns, an account, historical, antiquarian, and traditionary. Edinburgh 1885, pp. 140f. , (English)
  7. ^ Adolphus Ballard: The Theory of the Scottish Burgh . The Scottish Historical Review, Vol. 13, No. 49, Edinburgh 1915, pp. 27f. (English)
  8. ↑ James Leslie: Parish of Fordoun . New Statistical Account, Vol.XI, Edinburgh 1845, p. 84, accessed on August 20, 2018 (English)
  9. ↑ Fettercairn Cross on the Aberdeenshire Administration website, accessed August 20, 2018.

Coordinates: 56 ° 51 ′ 45 "  N , 2 ° 32 ′ 52"  W.