St. Mangen Church
The Church of St. Mangen is an Evangelical - Reformed Church in the city of St. Gallen .
location
The church is located at Kirchgasse 17. It is located on a hill within the old city wall of St. Gallen, in the so-called Irer Vorstadt.
history
The first church building at this point was built by Bishop Salomon of Constance . On October 13, 898, Emperor Arnulf confirmed the construction of a church on the Irabach. It was built in honor of St. Magnus . It also took up the arm relic that Bishop Adalbero of Augsburg had given his brother in office. The cruciform church faced east. Part of the foundation under today's church was excavated and examined during the restoration in 1946.
At this original church, Wiborada was walled up in an attached hermitage in 916 . She died a martyr's death in 926 because she refused to flee from the approaching Hungarians with her religious sisters and the rest of the population .
The current church goes back to a building from the 11th century. The construction date is not known. But the new building is likely to be a result of the canonization of Wiborada in 1047, with the corresponding increase in believers, because the new building is well twice the size of the original church.
The cemetery surrounding the church was expanded in 1388. During the great city fire in 1418, the fire also spread to the church, but - according to the findings of the wall - only destroyed the roofs. The early mass was donated on December 13, 1420, the middle mass on June 13, 1438. Both masses were donated by the Abhusen family, at the altar of St. Sebastian and Fabian. The priest Jaohannes Rütili declared on January 2, 1456 that he had endowed an eternal mass in the St. Wiborada chapel . On August 11, 1488, lightning struck the bell tower, which at that time was still a roof turret standing in the middle of the roof. The tower was so destroyed that only a new building was possible. Instead of the roof ridge , today's church tower was built. Until the tower was completed, the bells were hung in a frame in the cemetery. The construction of the tower began on June 16, 1505, and was headed by the municipal builder Magnus Hetzer. The tower was completed in three years.
As a result of the Reformation, the church decorations were sold on February 27th and the pictures removed. Since Vadian had bequeathed his library to the city, a library was set up in 1567 in the former St. Wiborada Chapel to store these works. The timbered bell chamber of the tower was replaced in 1568 by a bricked upper floor with a pointed helmet that was covered with glazed bricks. In 1657 the ship was extended to the west. At two o'clock in the afternoon on June 6, 1731, lightning struck the tower again. Not only did the roof burn, but the bells also melted. On September 6, 1731, the helmet was restored, but now covered with copper. The four new bells were made by the bell founders Peter and Johannes Melchior Ernst von Lindau. When casting the bells delivered in October 1731, the material from the destroyed bells was also used. The largest bell got a crack as early as 1733, so that the two largest bells were cast by the same masters. In 1731 a clockwork was also installed, this came from H. Jakob Kessler.
After the earthquake of 1774, the church had to be renovated in the same year, and changes were made to the window layout. The music college also had to be broken off due to the existing damage. In 1837 Felix Wilhelm Kubly came to see the church, which was still suffering from the earthquake damage. He proposed the demolition and a new building. However, this did not happen, instead an interior renovation was carried out between 1838 and 1839 according to Kubly's plans. The wooden ceiling was replaced by a plasterboard ceiling and the men's gallery in the north transept was also removed. The exterior renovation was carried out between 1840 and 1842 under the direction of Johann Christoph Klunkler. Between 1876 and 1877, another total renovation was carried out under the direction of Eduard Engler. The tower was renovated by Salamon Schlatter in 1898. These changes were largely reversed, inside 1946 and outside between 1979 and 1982.
Building
Today's church was built on the original church with the same axis. Since its floor plan does not yet have a square crossing , it can be assigned to the early Romanesque era. The formation is estimated at around 1100. It is held in the shape of a Latin cross . The ship was extended in 1657 with a west extension. Originally, the tower, which was added on the southwest side between 1505 and 1508, towered over the front wall opposite the choir by a good third of its square floor plan.
organ
The organ on the west gallery was built in 1988 by the organ building company Felsberg AG (Felsberg). The instrument was built according to models of Schnitger organs of the 17th century in a historicizing style. The slider chest instrument has 31 stops on three manuals and a pedal.
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
- Coupling: manual slide coupler I / II, pedal coupler II / P
- Other: Tremulant, affecting the whole work
use
Since the Reformation in St. Gallen, the church has belonged to the Evangelical Reformed parish. From 1878, Christian-Catholic services were held in the church until the Christ Church could be moved into in 1895. Today the church is often used for concerts, for example by the JS Bach Foundation .
See also
Remarks
- ↑ Gemas Vadian (II, p. 306) “in the Glogenhus to s. Mangen, the dozenmal in the middle of the kilchendach was standing and cutting it up so much that you had to do it differently and tamper with it "
- ↑ This is pointed out in the begging letter of October 26, 1507
- ^ Probably by Hansjörg Stehelin or his son Hans. The master's inscription is only abbreviated “H. St. “received.
literature
- Erwin Poeschel: The city of St. Gallen: first part . Volume 2 of the series The Art Monuments of the Canton of St. Gallen. Birkhäuser 1957, pp. 123-133.
- INSA inventory of modern Swiss architecture 1850–1921, volume 8. Orell Füssli, St. Gallen / Sarnen / Schwyz / Schaffhausen 1996, ISBN 3-280-02410-2 , p. 131.
- The St. Mangen Church in St. Gallen. At the end of the exterior restoration 1979–1982 published by the evangelical-reformed parish of C. St. Gallen, 1983.
Individual evidence
- ^ Letter of indulgence from November 16, 1388. Copy in the State Archives Tr. XVII, 23a
- ^ Joachim Watt (Vadian) German, historical writings, edited by E. Goetzinger, 3 volumes (St.Gallen 1875–1879)
- ↑ Magnus Hetzer called Ratz, councilor
- ↑ Ref. Church of St. Mangen St. Gallen SG. In: Organ directory Switzerland-Liechtenstein. Retrieved August 25, 2019.
Web links
Coordinates: 47 ° 25 '39.7 " N , 9 ° 22' 34.1" E ; CH1903: 746171 / 254792