Bélapátfalva Monastery
| Cistercian Abbey of Bélapátfalva | |
|---|---|
|
|
| location |
 Bélapátfalva , Heves county |
| Coordinates: | 48 ° 2 '56 " N , 20 ° 21' 53" E |
| Serial number according to Janauschek |
612 |
| Patronage | St. Mary |
| founding year | 1232 |
| Year of dissolution / annulment |
1596 |
| Mother monastery | Pilis Monastery |
| Primary Abbey | Clairvaux Monastery |
|
Daughter monasteries |
no |
The Bélapátfalva Monastery (Bélháromkút; Trium Fontium de Bél) is a former Cistercian abbey in Heves County at the foot of the Bélkő Mountain in the Bükk Mountains in Hungary .
history
The monastery was founded in 1232 by the Bishop of Eger , Kilit II. (Cletus), on the property of the von Bél family, to which the founder belonged. It was a subsidiary of the Pilis Monastery and thus belonged to the filiation of the Clairvaux Primary Abbey . The Romanesque church building, which was probably started immediately, was interrupted by the Mongol invasion of 1241, and the construction with vaulting was already carried out in the early Gothic style. In the 14th century the monastery suffered a decline; in 1356 two monks lived in the monastery in addition to the abbot. The annual income was estimated at five guilders. At the beginning of the 15th century, the monastery experienced another brief period of prosperity. Probably around 1473 the monastery fell in Kommende . In 1495 the Bishop of Eger received it. The church was probably used until the Turkish invasion in the 16th century, but after the Turkish conquest of Eger in 1596, the church and monastery fell into disrepair. Around 1730, the church, which was consecrated again in 1745, was restored with a baroque cross vault. The west wing of the monastery was also restored as a hunting lodge; later it became a parsonage and then a stoneware manufacture. In 1927 this building was demolished. Another restoration of the church took place between 1953 and 1956. The carefully crafted bricks were exposed. From 1964 to 1965 the foundations of the abbey were excavated.
Buildings and plant
The cross-shaped, three-aisled, 37 m long four-bay church with a transept has only one rectangular transept chapel on each side and a rectangular main choir. There is a manorial gallery in the west yoke. The west facade is divided by colored stripes in red and gray stone. Originally there was a portico each in front of the arched main portal with archivolts and in front of the south portal. On the three-part facade, three columns are partially preserved on both sides. The tympanum of the main portal has been replaced by a brick wall. The facade is decorated with a Gothic rose window. A façade portal also leads into the south aisle. Each nave yoke has a window. The enclosure was south (right) of the church. The refectory did not protrude from the south wing.
tourism
The “ Eisenach – Budapest Mountain Hiking Trail ” and the “ Országos Kéktúra ” pass the monastery .
literature
- István Genthon: Monuments of Art in Hungary, a picture handbook , 2nd edition, edited by Desző Dercsényi, Corvina Kiadó, Budapest 1974, ISBN 963-13-0622-4 .
- Ilona Valter: The archaeological development of the Cistercian monastery in Bélapátfalva , in: "Analecta Cistersiensia" 1982, No. 1–2;
- Anselme Dimier : L'art cistercien hors de France . Zodiaque, La Pierre-qui-Vire, 1971, pp. 48-49, with plan.
Web links
- Certosa di Firenze website about the monastery with numerous photos
- Hans Jakob Ollig: The former Cistercian monastery Bélháromkút in Hungary . cistopedia.org