Ten Duinen Monastery
| Ten Duinen Cistercian Abbey | |
|---|---|
| location | Belgium Province of West Flanders |
| Coordinates: | 51 ° 6 '35.7 " N , 2 ° 37' 55.5" E |
| Serial number according to Janauschek |
127 |
| Patronage | St. Mary |
| founding year | 1139 |
| Year of dissolution / annulment |
1796 |
| Mother monastery | Clairvaux Monastery |
|
Daughter monasteries |
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Ten Duinen Monastery (Onze Lieve Vrouw ten Duinen; French Les Dunes) is a former Cistercian monastery in Belgium . It was in the municipality of Koksijde in the province of West Flanders .
history
The monastery , founded around 1107 by a group of hermits who obeyed the Benedictine rule, joined the Cistercian order in 1139 at the instigation of the monk Foulques von Fontmorigny and submitted to the Clairvaux primary abbey . The first abbot was Robert , a monk from Clairvaux who became abbot of Clairvaux in 1153, and Robert's second successor as abbot was St. Idesbald († 1167). In 1175 Ter Doest monastery was subordinated to Ten Duinen as a daughter monastery. The first abbey was built on a site donated by Thierry d'Alsace. The monastery soon played a prominent role in Flanders' economic life. In Hulst in Zeeland , the monastery had a courtyard, the well-preserved chapel is today Protestant parish church. Other possessions were in Grande-Synthe near Dunkirk . In England, too, the abbey was wealthy until the beginning of the 14th century. In the 13th century, the construction of a new abbey began under Abbot Elias von Koksijde, the foundations of the new church were laid in 1214 and the church was consecrated in 1262. Around 1300 the monastery had 120 monks and 248 conversations . However, at the beginning of the 15th century, the monastery ran into political and economic difficulties. The monastery buildings were also threatened with silting up. In 1566 the abbey was occupied by iconoclasts and set on fire. However, it was not until the looting by the Geusen in 1577 that the monks were forced to retreat to their townhouses in Bruges and Nieuport . In 1597, Ten Bogaerde Manor, which had only been looted by the Dutch in 1593, was built as a new abbey and the old abbey was finally abandoned in 1601. Ten Bogaerde was abandoned in 1627 after the monastery had merged with that of Ter Doest in 1624 and the monks went to the house of Ter Doest monastery in Bruges. In Bruges, the construction of a new abbey (later the Episcopal Seminary of Bruges) began at the Potterierei in the north of the old town, which was completed in 1650, except for the church. The abbey church was not completed until 1783. The monastery was closed as a result of the French Revolution in 1796. The last monk died in 1833. Since 1949 the ruins of Kloster ten Duinen have been excavated.
Plant and buildings
Parts of the Ten Bogaerde farm (Abdijhof) on the road to Veurne have been preserved. The former monastery, a brick building, has been systematically excavated since 1949. The three-aisled church with 13 bays, transept with three rectangular chapels each in the east with a crossing tower and polygonal choir was 125 m long. The abbot's house was exceptionally large with a length of 50 m. The enclosure was to the right (south) of the church. The converse wing was two stories.
literature
- Michiel Heirman, Linda Van Santvoort: Le guide de l'architecture en Belgique . Editions Racine, Brussels 2000, ISBN 2-87386-236-X , pp. 314-315.
- Anselme Dimier : L'art cistercien hors de France . Editions Zodiaque , La Pierre-qui-Vire 1969, pp. 49-50.
- Bernard Peugniez: Routier cistercien. Abbayes et sites. France, Belgique, Luxembourg, Suisse . Editions Gaud, Moisenay, 2nd, revised and expanded edition 2001, ISBN 2-84080-044-6 , pp. 460–461.
