Commands in shipping
Commands in shipping are issued by functionaries to subordinate crew members and are used for command and control of the ship . They are a fundamental requirement for navigating a ship and have developed over centuries in shipping.
A command requires immediate action on the part of the recipient ( e.g. maneuvers , rudder commands), as well as direct feedback after completion. The latter only does not apply if the success is immediately and clearly visible to the person issuing the command.
Rudder and engine commands
The helm commands are valid for shipping; the commands below are mainly spoken by the crews on vehicles of the German Navy . (For historical reasons, see also the sounding: when the water depth was still measured with a plumb line on the bow of the ship, the sounding crew member "sung out" the measured depths) As part of the training, some commands are also used in parts in recreational shipping.
Rudder commands according to rudder angle
For rudder commands, port or starboard indicates the direction in which the ship should turn. Historically, this has not always been the case. When steering the tiller, the tiller must be moved exactly in the other direction.
- Answer: "The rudder is hard to starboard."
- Hard port! : Turn the rudder to port to the hard rudder position as quickly as possible .
- Answer: "Rudder is hard on port."
- Amidships! : "Put the rudder amidships" (corresponds to 0 ° on the rudder angle indicator )
- Answer: "Rudder is amidships."
- Starboard or Port 20! : Turn the rudder to starboard or port until the desired rudder angle is displayed.
- Answer: "Rudder is starboard 20."
- Support rudder! (Also “support”! or “support! right as it goes!”, i.e. operate the rudder at your own discretion): Countersteer to avoid falling away
Rudder commands according to course
- The new course is two-two-zero : regulate and steer this course from the turning movement .
- Answer after completion: "Two-two-zero are / is due."
- Go to port to zero-eight-five : Carry out this course change yourself without further commands.
- Answer after completion: "Zero-eight-five is / is due."
- Slow to port! : Move the rudder to port until you can just see the rotation
- Slowly starboard! : Move the rudder to starboard until you can just see the rotation
- So it is right! : Steer the current course
- Answer: (current course as three digits) "... are / is on."
Machine commands
- Extreme strength ahead! : Maximum performance ahead
- Great ahead!
- Half ahead!
- Ahead little ones!
- Advance least! : ahead, idle, engaged
- Machine stop!
- Back Least! : back, idle, engaged
In the case of multiple screwdrivers, it is also specified which machine is meant. In civil and historical terms, the speed levels have partly different names than in the German Navy, see machine telegraph .
Commandos on sailing ships
Apart from very small dinghies , sailing ships are usually controlled by at least two people - a helmsman and a crew. Communication with one another is correspondingly important.
- Helmsman: (Everything) Ready to turn!
- Voroter: It's clear!
- S: Ree! (sets up windward rudder)
- S: Luffing up / falling on close to the wind / close to the wind / half wind / space wind, lowering the pods / close up
- V: (lowers [lengthened] or pulls [shortened] the sheets of the foresail in order to adjust the sail position to the new direction to the wind)
- S: New course is pending
- S: (Everything) Ready to jibe!
- V: It's clear
- S: (carefully puts oar to leeward)
- V: clew [of the foresail] falls
- S: (brings the mainsheet tight), then round aft!
- S: (Everything) Ready to shoot / almost shoot!
- V: It's clear
- S: Shoot up, go pods!
- (All pods are thrown off, the helmsman turns into the wind)
Anchor maneuvers
- Clear anchor !
- Counting shackles (length 27.432 m) .... meters of chain!
- Plumb ! with feedback
- Ready to anchor!
- Fall anchor!
Others
- Truth! : Urgent request to perceive a danger (be careful !), For example Wahrschau spray !, Wahrschau large (tree) !
- Clear deck! : Clear deck !
- Ship in! : Cleaning the ship (inside and outside)
- Travel - travel - get up! : Wake up.
- Get over! : Request to a ship to take over a crew member
- All hands on deck! : The entire crew come on deck!
"Sure ..." always means that something needs to be clarified for the recipient, something needs to be done, such as "Ready to put on!".
German Navy
- Down! : Be careful, I'm going down this companionway now and don't want to step on the fingers of anyone who wants to go up at the same time.
- Up! same for the opposite direction
- Page! : Important person arrives / disembarks, whistle from side !
- Travel - travel - get up! : Awakening, addition: On the Gorch Fock and some other ships and boats of the Navy, 5 minutes before this request to get up, the temptation takes place with a daily changing rhyme, the very inenclopedic content of which makes use of the fact that the crew, who are still asleep, do not fully notice it.
Who gives the commands depends on the professional function , with the helmsman generally receiving commands from the captain or alternatively from the I WO (1st officer on watch). The captain's commands take precedence over all other orders.
Individual evidence
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