Commission bread
Kommissbrot (from the 16th century by Picking for " Army inventories ") is a simple, durable bread for the supply of soldiers .
Origin and historical use
The name Kommissbrot (according to the old spelling Kommissbrot ) is mentioned in German-speaking countries as early as 1552 in a document on Strasbourg . It can be read here that 12,000 "commissary breads" were delivered to the army camp of the King of France. In addition, Adam Junghans documented in the "War Ordinance on Water and Land" from 1589: "... the servants got ... Commiss-Brodt , wine-beer, meat ... and the like."
The use of commission as a component of compound nouns spread during the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648). Here the "commission butchers" belonged to the army convoy, and under "commission order" one understood the military catering in general and in a comprehensive sense.
Kommissbrot was very likely originally a bread, the production of which was imposed on the bakeries on site, near the army camps, since the armies themselves did not yet have their own field bakeries . The term has been preserved with the introduction of field bakeries and has been reinforced, as the term "Kommissbrotbäckerei" as a synonym for army bakery shows.
Description and manufacture
Since the First World War , Kommissbrot has generally been a wholemeal bread made from rye and wheat with sourdough and yeast and is baked in daily rations for one or two men of 750 or 1500 grams as "pushed" bread, that is, the loaves of bread lie close together in the oven that they touch each other and only form a crust on the top ; this results in the loaf shape of the bread.
The clerk bread was only after the introduction of standing armies still in army bakeries and field bakeries made since the First World War on stock in bread factories , partly as canned canned baked. When supplies were scarce, the grain is said to have been stretched with sawdust on occasion .
Due to the emergency situations during the two world wars, Kommissbrot gained notoriety beyond the military and has since been part of the range of civil bakeries, mostly not as wholemeal bread, but as a dark, compact mixed bread with a soft crumb and barely pronounced crust .
Others
The Kommissbrot found its way into Latin lessons via a modified quote from Schiller's Wallenstein as a memorandum to the irregular imperative of the verb esse : "Contenti estote with the Kommissbrote."
Because of its body shape, which is reminiscent of this bread, the small Hanomag 2/10 PS was nicknamed "Kommissbrot" in the 1920s .
literature
- Ostwald: Do the soldiers get something to eat (1917), 11.
- Hartmann: Das Schrotbrot (wholemeal bread) and soldiers' bread ( 1910), 141 Note, Yearbook 1917, 61.
