Coriander oil

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Fatty coriander oil
Korinadersamen
Raw material plant (noun)

Coriander ( Coriandrum sativum )

origin

Seeds

colour

light yellow

ingredients
Oleic acid 5-9%
Linoleic acid 5-18%
Linolenic acid <1.5%
Palmitic acid 3–7.5%
More fatty acids 60-78% petroselinic acid , 0.2-3% stearic acid , 1.3% asclepic acid ( cis -vaccenic acid) , <0.4% palmitoleic acid
properties
density 0.927 at 15 ° C
Melting point −2–4 ° C
Iodine number 93-109
Saponification number 177-190
Manufacturing and Consumption

Coriandrum sativum
General chemical structure of fats (R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are alkyl or alkenyl radicals with mostly an odd number of carbon atoms): triester of glycerol.
Coriander essential oil

Coriander oil , also known as coriander seed oil , is an essential oil as well as a fatty oil made from the seeds of the real coriander ( Coriandrum sativum ). A distinction is made between essential oil (Oleum coriandri aethereum) and fatty oil (Oleum coriandri).

The coriander seeds contain about 0.3–2% essential oil. The slightly yellowish essential oil of coriander from the seeds consists mainly of monoterpenes , the main components are 65-85% linalool , and further α-pinene , γ-terpine , camphor , limonene and p - cymene , as well as the mono terpenoids linalyl acetate and geranyl acetate and the like. a. It has a density of around 0.83-0.875 kg / l (25 ° C). Coriander essential oil is used for various medicinal uses. A small amount (approx. 0.1-0.25%) of essential oil can also be obtained from coriander leaves, flowers and roots, but this has a different composition.

In addition to the essential oil, the coriander seeds also contain around 13–23% fatty oil. The triglycerides of fatty coriander oil consist mainly of esters with petroselinic acid, a monounsaturated fatty acid , an isomer of oleic acid. The main application is in the extraction of petroselinic acid and the production of biodiesel . The petroselinic acid can then be split into lauric and adipic acid , two important basic chemical substances (detergent and nylon production ). But it can also be used as an edible oil .

literature

  • Sabine Krist: Lexicon of vegetable fats and oils. 2nd edition, Springer, 2013, ISBN 978-3-7091-1004-1 , pp. 369-374.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Krist.
  2. ↑ a b c d Wilhelm Halden, Adolf Grün : Analysis of fats and waxes. Second volume, Springer, 1929, ISBN 978-3-642-89318-6 (reprint), p. 136.
  3. ↑ Evelien Uitterhaegen: Coriander oil - extraction, applications and biologically active molecules. Dissertation, University of Gent, 2015, online (PDF; 2.1 MB), accessed on November 29, 2017.
  4. ^ R. Hänsel, K. Keller, H. Rimpler, G. Schneider (Eds.): Hager's Handbook of Pharmaceutical Practice. Drugs: A – D , 5. Edition, Springer, 1992, ISBN 978-3-642-63468-0 , p. 998 ff.
  5. ↑ Farooq Anwar, Muhammad Sulman, Abdullah Ijaz Hussain et al .: Physicochemical composition of hydro-distilled essential oil from coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) seeds cultivated in Pakistan. In: Journal of Medicinal Plants Research. Vol. 5 (15), 2011, pp. 3537-3544, online (PDF; 118 kB), accessed on November 29, 2017.
  6. ↑ Shyamapada Mandal, Manisha Mandal: Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) essential oil: Chemistry and biological activity. In: Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine. Volume 5, Issue 6, 2015, pp. 421-428, doi: 10.1016 / j.apjtb.2015.04.001 .
  7. ↑ Deepshekha Punetha, Geeta Tewari, Chitra Pande: Compositional variability in inflorescence essential oil of Coriandrum sativum from North India. In: Journal of Essential Oil Research. 2017, doi: 10.1080 / 10412905.2017.1399169 .