Corsica conflict

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Corsica conflict
date 1975 to 2014, few violent activists are still active today
place Corsica , France
output Minority rights for Corsicans, ceasefire and dissolution of the great nationalist militias, victory of the French constitutional state
Parties to the conflict

FranceFrance France

CorsicaCorsica Corsica

  • FLNC-22 (inactive)
  • Action for a new birth in Corsica (dissolved)
  • FLNC-Historique (dissolved)
  • Armata Corsa (dissolved)
  • Clandestini Corsi (inactive)

FranceFrance French nationalists

  • Front dAction Nouvelle Contre lIndépendance et lAutonomie (inactive / dissolved)

The Corsica Conflict , also known as the “FLNC Conflict” or the “French Troubles ”, is a political, social and armed conflict between the French government and Corsican nationalists.

The main carrier of violence from 1976 to 2014 was the Corsican terrorist organization Frontu di Liberazione Naziunalista Corsu and its splinter cells, which are responsible for several hundred acts of violence.

The Corsican nationalists are demanding greater autonomy rights for Corsica or even the independence of Corsica. The violence of the conflict began in 1967 with the founding of the Action for a Rebirth of Corsica (in Corsican  : Azzione per a rinascita di a Corsica), and escalated in 1975 with the drama of Aléria and the founding of the FLNC. Internal acts of violence within the armed nationalist scene were not uncommon as some armed groups competed with one another. Internal competition arose in particular from so-called “revolutionary taxes”, a kind of imposed protective tax. The complexities of armed nationalist groups make it difficult to determine the exact number of fatalities in the conflict, but most sources estimate that there are 40 to over 100 deaths related to the conflict.

time beam

  • 1967 : Creation of the Corsican Rebirth Campaign.
  • August 21, 1975 : Armed Corsican nationalists occupy a winery in Aléria , which belongs to a French company. When the police subsequently cleared the winery, the two parties exchanged fire, which resulted in the death of two police officers.
  • October 27, 1975 : Violent protests by Corsican nationalists in Bastia lead to the death of a police officer and the injuries to 18 Corsican nationalists.
  • May 4, 1976: 21 FLNC bombs explode in a number of Corsican cities.
  • May 5, 1976 : Formal establishment of the FLNC.
  • June 17, 1983: Assassination of the Corsican nationalist Guy Orsi.
  • August 5, 1987: A gendarme is shot dead in Bastia.
  • 1989: The Corsican language is recognized as an administrative language with equal rights in Corsica.
  • June 15, 1993: Assassination of former FLNC-Canal Historique member Robert Sozzi by the FLNC-Canal Historique.
  • May 18, 1996 : A Corsican autonomist is shot dead by nationalist forces for what they consider to be a "soft policy".
  • July 2, 1996 : A car bomb exploded in Bastia, injuring 14 people and killing the leading Corsican nationalist Pierre Lorenzi.
  • February 6, 1998 : Claude Érignac is assassinated by a Corsican nationalist.
  • October 28, 1999 : A FLNC bomb explodes in front of a building of the tax office on the French mainland, in Paris.
  • March 20, 2003 : Two FLNC bombs injure 16 people in Nice .
  • March 10, 2006 : Assassination of right-wing Corsican politician Robert Feliciaggi.
  • April 20, 2006 : Bomb attack on a German family's holiday home.
  • April 16, 2007 : A police station was attacked with firearms in the village of Cauro near Ajaccio . Nobody was injured.
  • April 13, 2009 : Bomb attack on the Oletta community center .
  • January 17, 2010 : Bomb attack on two newly built, uninhabited villas in Coggia .
  • April 19, 2010 : Bomb attack on a villa in the town of Coti-Chiavari.
  • August 25, 2010 : The family of a businessman from the Wendel Group was taken hostage by Corsican nationalists. Nobody was injured.
  • September 13, 2010 : Bomb attack on an operating agency.
  • November 28, 2011ː Christian Leoni, member of the Corsican, internationally operating mafia “Gang de la brise de mer” became the FLNC's last victim. He was shot in San Nicolao .
  • June 27, 2014 : The FLNC-UC declares a permanent, unconditional ceasefire.
  • September 14, 2014ː Bomb attack on an empty nightclub in Cargese. Nobody was injured.
  • 25.-28. December 2015 : Protests by Corsican nationalists against the immigration of Muslims.
  • May 3, 2016 : The FLNC-22 declares that it will end all military operations from October 2016.
  • July 28, 2016 : The FLNC-22 warns Islamists of terrorist attacks in Corsica because they must expect revenge attacks from the nationalists.
  • October 15, 2016 : Young Corsican nationalists lead street fights with police in Bastia to protest against the conviction of three nationalists for a bomb attack in 2012. Molotov cocktails and bottles are flying, four policemen are injured in the riot.
  • April 8, 2017ː During a campaign appearance by Marine Le Pen for the French presidential election 2017, clashes broke out between supporters of the Rassemblement National and Corsican nationalists in Ajaccio .
  • February 3, 2018ː Between 6,000 and 25,000 people protested peacefully for more autonomy rights for Corsica.
  • March 9, 2019 ː Six villas were badly damaged by bomb attacks. Nobody was injured.
  • March 29, 2019 ː Two villas were partially destroyed by bomb attacks. Nobody was injured.
  • April 1, 2019ː Two self-made explosive devices were found in front of government buildings in Bastia, the explosive devices were safely defused.
  • September 30, 2019ː A group of militant nationalists, one of them armed, announced in a video the reconstruction of the FLNC. The group threatens to attack foreign businesses in Corsica and calls for a ban on the sale of Corsican land to non-Corsicans.

literature

  • Robert Ramsay: The Corsican Time-Bomb. Manchester University Press, Manchester, UK, 1983. ISBN 0-7190-0893-X
  • David Abram: The Rough Guide to Corsica. Rough Guides, 2009. ISBN 978-1848360518

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ A secret press conference at the edge of the forest brings back bad memories in Corsica . In: Neue Zürcher Zeitung . Retrieved December 7, 2019. 
  2. ↑ Corsica . In: Süddeutsche . Retrieved December 7, 2019. 
  3. ^ French Corsica (in German) . Retrieved September 25, 2018. 
  4. ^ Ramsay, p. 118
  5. ^ The Rough Guide to Corsica, p. 385/272
  6. ↑ Guy Orsoni . Accessed on September 25, 2018.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.unita-naziunale.org  
  7. ↑ Après la mort d'un gendarme près de Bastia L'ex-FLNC revendique de nouveau l'embuscade du 4 août . Retrieved September 28, 2018. 
  8. ↑ Corsican separatists claim victim No 13 . In: independent . Retrieved September 24, 2018. 
  9. ↑ Tagesschau 20 years ago, February 18, 1996 . In: ARD . Retrieved October 12, 2018. 
  10. ↑ Corsica death spurs women's peace group . In: independent . Retrieved September 25, 2018. 
  11. ↑ Corsican nationalist Colonna found guilty of murder . In: France24 . Retrieved September 24, 2018. 
  12. ↑ Corsica shows its ugly face . In: world . Retrieved December 7, 2019. 
  13. ↑ Corsica militants 'admit' blasts . In: BBC . Retrieved October 7, 2018. 
  14. ↑ Robert Feliciaggi, assassiné à Ajaccio il ya dix ans . In: corsemartin . Retrieved September 25, 2018. 
  15. ↑ German holiday home destroyed on Corsica . In: t-online . Retrieved December 7, 2019. 
  16. ↑ Notices shortly before the election . In: Tagesspiegel . Retrieved December 7, 2019. 
  17. ^ Assassination against une mairie en Corse . In: lefigaro . Retrieved September 28, 2018. 
  18. ^ Attentats contre deux villas in Corse . In: Le Figaro . Retrieved September 28, 2018. 
  19. ↑ CORSE-DU-SUD - La villa de l'ancien pdg de Wendel plastiquée . In: Europe1 France . Retrieved September 28, 2018. 
  20. ↑ CORSE-DU-SUD - La villa de l'ancien pdg de Wendel plastiquée . In: Le Point . Retrieved September 28, 2018. 
  21. ↑ Une agence EDF détruite à Cargese . In: corsemartin . Retrieved September 28, 2018. 
  22. ^ Pour la première fois depuis 1993, le FLNC revendique un assassinat . In: Le Monde . Retrieved July 3, 2019. 
  23. ↑ Corsican terror group lays down its arms . In: independent . Retrieved September 25, 2018. 
  24. ^ Blast at Corsican Club Med 'linked to separatists' . Retrieved April 22, 2019. 
  25. ↑ Corsican terror group lays down arms in battle for independence from France . In: anphoblacht . Retrieved September 28, 2018. 
  26. ↑ Corsican nationalists warn jihadists of tough response . In: BBC . Retrieved September 28, 2018. 
  27. ↑ Molotov cocktails are thrown at police and rioters rip through a town in Corsica to protest against the prison sentences handed two three young nationalists for their part in pro-independence violence . In: dailymail . Retrieved September 25, 2018. 
  28. ^ France: Corsicans protest jail sentence for nationalist bomb attackers . In: Ruptly . Retrieved September 25, 2018. 
  29. ^ French presidential elections: Marine Le Pen rally in Corsica . In: independent . Retrieved July 3, 2019. 
  30. ↑ Corsica Macron: Nationalist protest ahead of visit . In: BBC . Retrieved July 3, 2019. 
  31. ↑ Corsica: two villas partly destroyed by attacks . In: tellerreport . Retrieved April 22, 2019. 
  32. ↑ Corsica: two villas partly destroyed by attacks . In: tellerreport . Retrieved April 22, 2019. 
  33. ↑ France launches terror probe after 2 bombs found in Corsica ahead of Macron's visit . In: RT . Retrieved April 22, 2019. 
  34. ↑ Corsican separatists warn against foreigners buying homes and take up arms for first time since 2014 . In: The telegraph . Retrieved November 26, 2019.