Crooked County
The Krumme Grafschaft was a free county within the Grafschaft Mark on the territory of the present-day cities of Dortmund , Bochum and Witten .
The area originally belonged to the Bochum Free County. After the Altenaischen inheritance it came into the possession of the Altenaisch-Isenbergischen line of the house Berg ( Arnold von Altena / Friedrich von Isenberg ). Like the other Isenberg possessions, after the violent death of Cologne Archbishop Engelbert I of Cologne , the Krumme Grafschaft first passed into the hands of Adolf I von der Mark , and then in 1243 in the wake of the Isenberg turmoil to the Isenbergs and Limburgers under Dietrich to fall back from Altena-Isenberg . It is reported that Dietrich (under the name Theodor von Limburg) and his son Johann in 1271 in the presence of the noble von Volmarstein and some other knights in the cemetery of the church in Kirchhörde their blood relative, the knight Albert von Hörde, the "Krumme Grafschaft "pledged, which was so called because it was outside the Limburg rule. The free county was not a domain, but a judicial district with nine free chairs. The Krumme Grafschaft included the farming communities Langendreer , Düren , Stockum , Oespel and the free estates in them . A free court was also Brünninghausen .
Dietrich's County Limburg was embedded between the Cologne County of Volmarstein and the Cologne Office of Menden . It thus formed an enclave in the northern part of the Brandenburg county of Altena . The Reichshof Westhofen bordering the Ruhr , the Xanten immunity Schwerte under the bailiwick of the Counts of Kleve and the courts of Hegenichusen / Hengsen and Herreke / Opherdicke, which had been in Cologne since 1176 and were in the fief of the noblemen of the county and were also embedded in the Brandenburg area later rule Ardey stood. Together, these properties formed a corridor that was disruptive from the point of view of the Counts of the Mark and prevented a union of the County of Altena with Go Unna, also from the Mark , for a long time.
The Krumme Grafschaft, together with the Reichsgrafschaft Dortmund, formed a second corridor that separated the Go Unna from the Brandenburg parts of the Grafschaft Bochum .
The Isenberg possessions prevented the development of a closed territory called Grafschaft Mark , which corresponded to the interests of the Cologne Archbishops and Dukes of Westphalia , but not those of Count Adolf I von der Mark and his successors. But they had to accept this political situation first, because after the peace agreement with the Isenbergers they could have no interest in a further dispute with the Isenberg family.
In 1282, however, Count Eberhard I von der Mark , the grandson of Adolf I von der Mark († 1249) and son of Count Engelbert I vd Mark (1249–1277), the now 67-year-old Dietrich von Altena-Isenberg, succeeded Move Sale to Crooked County. This was another important step towards the development of a unified Brandenburg territory, as was the acquisition of full fortification rights by the Märkers six years later as a result of the Battle of Worringen .
Dietrich von Isenberg initially only retained his core property, the County of Limburg, and the Styrum region on the lower Ruhr , while the Krumme Grafschaft became an integral part of the County of Mark, which finally enabled the territories of the Mark to grow together.
At times the Counts von der Mark gave the area to the Lords of Hörde as a fief .
The Bochum judge Dierich Delscher from August reported in 1553: “Those of Batenburg (-Bronckhorst) as heirs of the deceased Dietrich von Wickede and those of Büren zu Huckarde together have two free courts at Oespel and Langendreer, which are called the crooked county. The goods and people that belong to them are off duty and want the goods to be solely subject to compulsory service at the free courts, what has been permitted to them in inheritance cases and when there is a dispute about inheritance. But they are subject to the Bochum High Court for damage and guilt. It is also an old custom that if someone does not get a right with regard to his good, he can continue his case at the high court in Bochum. "
Individual evidence
- ↑ Genealogy of the Middle Ages .
- ^ Walter Gronemann, Brief history of the offices of Barop and Kirchhörde. 1987.
- ^ Supplement to the Anzeiger für Kunde der Deutschen Vorzeit from July 1854, No. 554. [1]
- ↑ Reinhold Stirnberg, Before the Märker Came , Part IX, in: Active Seniors No. 63. ( PDF ( Memento of the original from February 22, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original - and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this note. ).
literature
- Richard Borgmann: The rights and possessions of the Counts of Limburg in the Krummen Grafschaft in the 14th century. 1935
- Günther Höfken: The judiciary in the office of Bochum in the 16th and 17th centuries. In: 7. Bochum Heimatbuch, 1958