Copper-red yellow feet
| Copper-red yellow feet | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Copper yellow foot ( Chroogomphus rutilus ) |
||||||||||||
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Chroogomphus rutilus | ||||||||||||
| ( Schaeff .: Fr. ) OK Mill. |
The copper-red yellow foot ( Chroogomphus rutilus , syn .: Gomphidius viscidus ) is a type of mushroom from the family of smear relatives . It lives in symbiosis with pine trees .
features
Macroscopic features
The hat of the copper-red yellow foot is orange-brown to copper-red and has a diameter of 1.5 to 10 cm, the size is very variable. In the middle of the hat there is always a pointed papilla that is still visible in old age. The skin of the hat is very greasy when it is damp, and it has a matt sheen when it is dry. The initially orange-red colored lamellae become dark purple-brown with age; they run down the handle for a short time , are thick and distant. When young, they are covered by a fluffy, delicate-fiber velum. This sometimes leaves a ring zone on the stem, in which the blackish or dark olive-brown spore powder gets caught. The stem is yellow to orange-brown or copper-colored with grain and has a dark yellow base. It is pointed towards the base. If you cut open the stem, the saffron-yellow flesh becomes visible, which appears chrome-yellow in the base and reddish red with age. It smells and tastes unspecific.
Microscopic features
The elongated, spindle-shaped spores have a smooth surface. They have no germ pore and are 17–23 × 5.5–7 µm in size. The stately cheilocystids are thick-walled (wall up to 3 µm), cylindrical-spindle-shaped and colorless. The lamellar trama is amyloid .
Species delimitation
The copper-red yellow foot can be confused with the felty yellow foot ( Chroogomphus helveticus ). It differs in its hat colors, which only become reddish with age, and a felty, dry hat surface.
There are other yellow feet, which are still relatively unknown, are similar to the copper-red yellow feet and partly not differentiated from it or under " Chroogomphus rutilus agg. “Were summarized. Chroogomphus mediterraneus is distinguished by a mainly inamyloid lamellar trama. Chroogomphus purpurascens is distinguished by thin to weakly thick-walled cystidia with a wall up to 1 µm thick. Chroogomphus fulmineus and Chroogomphus subfulmineus are distinguished by reddish spots on the base of the stem and dark olive to blackish flesh in the base of the stem.
Mushroom collectors should not confuse the species with veils like the deadly poisonous pointed hunched rough head ( Cortinarius rubellus ). This one has rust-brown spore powder, a faint radish odor and no yellow flesh in the base of the stem.
Ecology and phenology
The copper-red yellow foot is a mycorrhizal fungus , preferred partners are pines or other conifers. The fruiting bodies appear in their vicinity from July to October. The copper-red yellow foot has no special soil requirements, perhaps that is why it is quite common and widespread. In Switzerland it is very common, especially in the Jura and at lower altitudes, but individual finds have also been made at 2100 meters above sea level.
meaning
The copper-red yellow foot is edible, its meat turns copper-red when heated.
swell
literature
- Ewald Gerhardt: FSVO manual mushrooms . 4th edition. BLV, Munich 2006, ISBN 978-3-8354-0053-5 (640 pages).
- Rose Marie Dähncke: 200 mushrooms . 180 mushrooms for the kitchen and their poisonous. 6. through u. corr. Edition. Aargauer Tagblatt, Aarau 1982, ISBN 978-3-85502-145-1 (248 pages).
Individual evidence
- ↑ Ross Scambler, Tuula Niskanen, Boris Assyov, A. Martyn Ainsworth, Jean-Michel Bellanger: Diversity of Chroogomphus (Gomphidiaceae, Boletales) in Europe, and typification of C. rutilus . In: IMA Fungus . tape 9 , no. 2 , December 2018, ISSN 2210-6359 , p. 271–290 , doi : 10.5598 / imafungus.2018.09.02.04 , PMID 30622883 , PMC 6317585 (free full text) - ( biomedcentral.com [accessed July 13, 2020]).
Web links
- Christoph Hahn: Key of the six (!) European Chroogomphus species. In: Forum of the Bavarian Mycological Society. September 6, 2018, accessed June 13, 2020 .
- Frank Moser: Copper-red yellow foot ( Chroogomphus rutilus ; Gomphidius rutilus ). In: Natur-Lexikon.com . Retrieved December 24, 2012 .
- Karin Monday: Copper-red yellow-footed Chroogomphus rutilus . In: The Tintling . Retrieved December 24, 2012 .