Izudrossel
| Izudrossel | ||||||||||||
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Kuroda thrush, bellows |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Turdus celaenops | ||||||||||||
| Stejneger , 1887 |
The Izudrossel or Kurodadrossel ( Turdus celaenops , Japanese 島 赤 腹 / 赤 鶫 Akakokko ) is a songbird from the thrush family (Turdidae).
features
The izu thrush is a medium-sized, strikingly drawn thrush with a body length of up to 23 cm. The male is black on the head to the chest and orange chestnut on the upper abdomen and on the flanks. The middle of the abdomen is white. On the upper side the male is brown to brownish reddish brown, wings and tail are blackish. The female's head is brown with a white, black-dashed throat. The bill and eye ring are yellow.
According to Stejneger's first description , the back is mummy brown , chest and flanks reddish yellow-brown. The under wing-coverts are gray and the tail feathers without a terminal white spot. There is no light streak around the eyes. The second hand wings are shorter than the fifth. The head and neck are black in adult males. The wing length is about 120 mm.
The Izudrossel is the Japan throttle ( Turdus chrysolaus similar), but it has a darker olive-brown head with throat and an orange-red upper chest. The females of the Japanese thrush have an indistinct over-eye stripe and a pale, brown-dashed throat.
Occurrence
The izu thrush is endemic to Japan . The majority of the population lives on the Izu Islands between Izu-Ōshima and Aogashima . Some birds migrate to the adjacent parts of Honshu and Shikoku Island in winter . A small number live on the island of Yakushima and on the Tokara Islands ( Ryūkyū Islands ) belonging to the Nansei Islands .
Habitat and way of life
The bird lives in deciduous forests with a well-developed canopy and a sparse layer of shrubbery that prevents bamboo from growing under . On Yakushima the species occurs in mixed juniper - rhododendron forest. She also looks for fruits and seeds on roadsides, plowed fields and in gardens where she is undisturbed. In summer it mainly feeds on insects, especially caterpillars in the treetop. The breeding season extends from March to June, mainly in May and rarely in August.
Hazardous situation
The population of the Izudrossel is small and is rapidly declining due to a large number of introduced nest predators and probably due to habitat loss. The IUCN has therefore classified it as endangered ( Vulnerable, VU ).
Taxonomy
Sometimes the Izudrossel is as conspecific to Japan throttle ( Turdus chrysolaus viewed). More recent studies see a close genetic relationship, further studies are needed to clarify this. The proposed subspecies Turdus celaenops yakushimensis is said to be larger, darker and have a darker beak, but these traits are not persistent. The species is still considered to be monotypical .
Web links
- Videos, photos and sound recordings of Turdus celaenops in the Internet Bird Collection
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e N. Collar (2019): Izu Thrush (Turdus celaenops). In: J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, DA Christie, E. de Juana Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. ( Online )
- ↑ Izudrossel ( Turdus celaenops ) at Avibase; accessed on January 30, 2019.
- ↑ a b c d e f Turdus celaenops in the Red List of Threatened Species of the IUCN 2018-2. Listed by: BirdLife International, 2018. Retrieved January 26, 2019.
- ↑ Yutaka Yamamoto: Izu Islands Thrush Akakokko (Jpn) Turdus celaenops In: Bird Research News Vol.3 No.9, 2006.9.13, Japan Bird Research Association, Sumiyoshi 1-29-9, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan. ( Online )
- ↑ L. Stejneger: Diagnosis of a New Species of Thrush (Turdus celaenops sp. Nov.) From Japan. In: Science. 1887, Vol. 10, No. 238, p. 108. ( Online )