Long Heinrich (train)
An ore train weighing about 4,000 tons was referred to as Langer Heinrich , which ran as a block train between northwest Germany and the Ruhr area in the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s (so-called "double park", the simple car pool for these trains consisted of 25 wagons weighing 2000 tons and was only covered with one machine). In the 1974 summer timetable, for example, four of these trains ran daily from Emden to the Ruhr area and Saarland .
historical development
As early as the 19th century, ore was being handled in the port of Emden as an import for the smelters in the Rhenish-Westphalian industrial area. In Emden towards the end of the century there was an economic upswing due to its function as the “sea gate” of the up-and-coming Ruhr area . As early as 1900, the direct canal connection via the Dortmund-Ems Canal to the Ruhr area was completed. In 1913, for example, one eighth of the iron ore imports from the Ruhr area were handled via the port of Emden.
After the port in Emden survived the Second World War relatively well, imported ore was again delivered from the seaport to the Ruhr area and the Saar area for heavy industry and steelworks. The loading of predominantly Swedish ore in the port of Emden no longer took place at the outer port, as initially planned, but shifted more and more to the inland port (north and south quays). Inland waterways were of particular importance in this business. On the trip to the Ruhr area their cargo was ore for the smelters, and on the return trip to Emden coal was loaded.
The city of Emden am Südkai made investments in the form of conveyor systems, loading bridges and wagon tippers. Bulk cargo handling facilities were also built on the north quay. Later the ores were also loaded at the south quay.
Trains
An ore wagon weighed around 80 t when loaded, with a total weight of 4,000 t, it results in 50 wagons with 4 axles (equal to 200 axles), plus two tractors with 10 axles each results in the total number of axles of the block train of 220. Here, when the 50 wagons are exceeded, the limits for freight trains are partially exceeded Achieved: By 2010, the DB AG guideline 408 "Trains run and maneuver" allowed up to a maximum of 250 axles, deviating from this specification.
The train gained fame among other things because it was pulled on the Emsland route between Emden Außenhafen and Rheine by two heavy steam locomotives of the oil-fired series 043 and 042 of the Deutsche Bundesbahn until 1977 (until the DB steam locomotives were completely out of service ).
The Emden ore transshipment port used to be located on the southern quay in Emden. In the Emden Rbf station , the trains changed direction and were transported with Emden shunting locomotives to the south quay, where they were loaded with the imported raw material. To move the heavy trains under the loading bridges, Henschel DH-360 D diesel locomotives loaded to 80 t were used specifically for this service . The large-capacity self-unloading wagons were towed into the marshalling yard by steam or diesel locomotives, where they were put together into long block trains of 2,000 t or 4,000 t. For the 2,000 t trains, the power of one of the powerful locomotives was just enough to bring the load over the gently sloping exit to the mostly flat, 140 km long Emsland line to Rheine. From there it went on to the destination station, sometimes with a change of traction.
Tall Heinrich's heavy 4,000 t trains , however, always required the use of two machines, which often set off after a furious start and skidding wheels. Most of the trains were hauled by the oil-fired machines of the 043 series from the Emden and Rheine depots . A combination of locomotives of the series 042 and 043 was also used more often, occasionally two 042s and rarely even the last coal-fired 044s helped out together with the other two series, which received a main oil firing system during a conversion and were introduced into the Rheine depot in 1967 had.
In the 1960s, these trains were still pulled by two class 50 locomotives (or with a V100 as a leader), at that time freight train escort cars were also used, which were later omitted first for block trains, then also for normal through freight trains. Only when enough 44ers were available were they used for the Tall Heinrich . The trains were significantly accelerated by the 44 series, because the 44 series had significantly more power reserves compared to the 50 series and also a significantly higher friction load.
With the use of the oil-fired machines, the zenith of heavy goods traffic on the Deutsche Bundesbahn was reached. Despite a load of 4000 t, the trains drove at speeds of up to 80 km / h.
The name "Langer Heinrich" came from the fact that wagons with reinforced couplings had to be used for the 4,000 ton trains, which were laterally marked by a large "H" ("H for Heinrich") and / or a white dot ("Weißpunktwagen"). ) were marked. That is why the railway employees at the signal box liked to use this train name when reporting trains. This was particularly important because the 4,000-ton trains had to ensure passage between Emden and Rheine without intermediate stops - if necessary, D-trains were also sent to a passing track. Another name for these trains was in circles of the population along the route "brown wall", as the waiting time in front of a closed level crossing was always particularly long when the brown wall from the ore wagons rolled past.
Because passenger traffic had priority outside the Emsland route, in the event that a long Heinrich or a 2000 t train had to wait on a passing track on the Moselle route Koblenz-Trier (further into the Saar area, among other things to the Dillinger Hütte ), it would have to wait for them Electrification equipped with a 44-class locomotive and a 50-class push -pull locomotive , as in Bullay, for example, behind the Pünderich viaduct up to Wittlich.
The train was - especially in the 1970s - a popular photo opportunity. Several of the steam locomotives that hauled the ore trains have been preserved. One of them is in the station area of Salzbergen , it is 043 196-5 . Since she often played the “leading role” in the leader operation, the 44 381 is a well-known machine of Tall Heinrich , which has been preserved as an exhibit in the Bavarian Railway Museum in Nördlingen . Another locomotive of this series, the 043 315-1, has been in the yard of the Märklin company in Göppingen since 2018, 043 121-3 in the Tuttlingen Railway Museum , 043 606-3 in the Augsburg Bahnpark , 043 681-6 in the Lokerlebniswelt in Horb and the 043 903-4 as the last machine of this series to be used on the station forecourt in Emden .
literature
- Udo Paulitz: The last steam locomotives of the DB - passenger and freight trains on the Emsland line . Bechtermünz-Verlag, Augsburg 1996, ISBN 3-86047-145-7
- RioGrande video library: Rheine - The last DB steam locomotive Mecca .
Individual evidence
- ↑ https://bienenstich.de/de/node/51
- ↑ http://www.eisenbahnfotograf.de/dbdampf/galerie043/043.htm
- ↑ https://www.maerklin.de/de/produkte/details/article/26536/
- ↑ http://forum.german-railroads.de/index.php?page=Thread&threadID=2052
- ↑ http://www.1zu160.net/scripte/forum/forum_show.php?id=574793
- ↑ http://www.drehscheibe-online.de/foren/read.php?17,4860760,4860760
- ↑ http://www.drehscheibe-online.de/foren/read.php?17,4845872
- ↑ http://www.drehscheibe-online.de/foren/read.php?17,4870276,4870276#msg-4870276
- ↑ http://www.drehscheibe-online.de/foren/read.php?17,4877705,4878605#msg-4878605
- ↑ http://www.drehscheibe-online.de/foren/read.php?17,4894347,4894887#msg-4894887
- ↑ http://www.drehscheibe-online.de/foren/read.php?17,7627580,7627580#msg-7627580
- ↑ http://www.drehscheibe-online.de/foren/read.php?17,7602815,7602815#msg-7602815
- ↑ http://www.drehscheibe-online.de/foren/read.php?17,7416624,7416624#msg-7416624
- ↑ http://www.drehscheibe-online.de/foren/read.php?17,7361285,7363358#msg-7363358
- ^ Graf, Braun, Wohlfarth: Experience the fascination of railways. Andreas Braun, Nördlingen 2014