Mountains of salt

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 52 ° 19 ′  N , 7 ° 21 ′  E
Basic data
State :	Lower Saxony
County :	Emsland
Height :	38 m above sea level NHN
Area :	53.34 km 2
Residents:	7839 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	147 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	48499
Primaries :	05976, 05971
License plate :	Tbsp
Community key :	03 4 54 045
Address of the municipal administration:	Franz-Schratz-Str. 12 P.O. Box 11 63 48499 Salzbergen
Website :	www.salzbergen.de
Mayor :	Andreas Kaiser ( CDU )
Location of the municipality of Salzbergen in the district of Emsland

Salzbergen is a municipality on the Ems in the Emsland district in Lower Saxony , north of Rheine .

Salzbergen gained economic importance in the second half of the 19th century as a railway junction and through the establishment of an oil refinery in 1860. The Salzbergen refinery is the oldest still active in the world and at the same time one of the most modern.

Today Salzbergen is an industrial location, the most important are the wind energy , oil , mechanical engineering and textile sectors .

geography

Geographical location

The community is located in the southern part of the district on the Ems . It lies on the border with the Westphalian part of North Rhine-Westphalia and not far from the border with the Netherlands .

Neighboring communities

In the north, the municipality borders on the municipality of Emsbüren , in the east on the joint municipality of Spelle , in the south on the city of Rheine and the municipalities of Neuenkirchen and Wettringen in the Steinfurt district in North Rhine-Westphalia and in the west on the joint municipality of Schüttorf in the Bentheim district .

Community structure

Holsten-Bexten Hummeldorf Mountains of salt Steide

history

The name Salzbergen (old: Saltesberch, Saltesberg) is derived from the salt deposits mined here. A noble farm in Salzbergen is mentioned in 1172. The brothers Wiebold (1171–1193) and Theodorich (1171–1215) made a donation, which Bishop Ludwig von Münster sealed: … duobus fratribus, de Saltesberch, Theodorico et Wibaldo . In 1177, Bishop Hermann II of Münster formally confirmed a gift from the noble Sigvin and his wife Bartradis to the cathedral church in Münster. It says: Rabodo has an inheritance as a fief in Salzbergen . The family seems to have died out in 1254 at the latest, as it is no longer mentioned after this time. The castle complex is said to have stood on Lempkers Kämpe.

Since the 13th century Salzbergen belonged to the Oberstift Münster . In contrast to the rest of the upper monastery, it did not fall to Prussia after the Congress of Vienna , but to Hanover . There it belonged to the office of Lingen, after the Prussian annexation of Hanover to the district of Lingen . In 1977 the district of Lingen was dissolved and Salzbergen became a municipality in the district of Emsland .

During the Second World War, the village of Salzbergen was repeatedly targeted by Allied air raids. The reason was the oil refinery and the railway junction. Shortly before the end of the war, the most devastating attack took place on March 6, 1945 around noon, in which around 4,000 bombs were dropped by several hundred bombers in just under 20 minutes. The refinery and the village were destroyed. He killed 40, including many children.

After the Second World War, the sawmill and dairy farming were the most important sources of income in the area. In 1954 a large experimental farm opened in which the cultivation and storage of animal feed was tested and improved. In the early 1970s, some electrical engineering and conveyor systems companies settled in and initiated a structural change that was beginning to compensate for the loss of agricultural jobs after the experimental farm was closed in 1976 and agriculture was rationalized. After the trial operation was closed, some small family businesses were relocated from the center of the village to the former trial facility, so that in 1981 the center of the town could be redesigned, in the course of which the service and commercial centers that are still in use today were built.

Name derivation of the districts

• Holsten

The defining word hol stands for wood, cf. Low German brings ; the basic word sete means permanent residence, settlement. Together: sitting in the woods. Sete did not appear before 1000 and only appeared in the southern part of the Emsland. According to Hermann Abels, this suggests a younger place with purely Saxon origins, as the Saxons are only said to have fully settled in Emsland at this point in time.

• Bexing

Formerly Feilbexten (old: Falbeki = pale, yellow brook) was mentioned as part of the Venkigau around 890 in the Werdener Urbar . Athalgrim in Falbeki paid 18 bushels of grain, the army shilling and 16 denarii to the monastery of Werden .

• Hummeldorf

(old: Humilathorpe ). The determinant humil means lean, lean; the basic word thorpe, torpe stands for village. Together: village with poor soil. Hummeldorf was also mentioned in 890 in the Werden Heberegister as part of the Venkigau. The place borders on Bentlage. The Salzberg wooden court , which belonged to the Bishop of Munster, was held by the bailiff of Rheine on the Barwick farm .

• Steide

Mentioned around 1300. The origin of the name is uncertain.

• Stoving

is an old manor, around 1230 an Arnold von Stovern was named. In the possession of the von Twickel family since around the 17th century .

Incorporations

On August 19, 1965, the joint municipality of Salzbergen was founded with the municipalities of Hummeldorf, Salzbergen, Steide and Stovern. On March 1, 1974, as part of the municipality reform, the unified municipality of Salzbergen was formed from the municipalities of Salzbergen, Holsten, Hummeldorf and Steide and from parts of the municipality of Bexten- Listrup , Ahlde and Mehringen.

Population development

Today the community has over 8,100 inhabitants on an area of ​​5,330 hectares, of which approx. 1,400 hectares are forest and approx. 2,638 hectares of agricultural land. Several new development areas have been developed since the 1990s. Further construction areas are being expanded and planned.

Residents	1880	1900	1925	1933	1939	1950	1962	2012	2018
Mountains of salt	718	1,052	1,433	1,549	1,772	2,393	2,800	5,587	5,840
Hummeldorf	219	273	321	350	363	479	k. A.	261	258
Holsten	192	262	345	390	409	524	k. A.	1,537	1,596
Steide	343	425	443	425	409	524	k. A.	425	416

politics

Municipal council

The council of the municipality of Salzbergen consists of 20 councilors and councilors. This is the specified number for a municipality with a population between 7001 and 8000 inhabitants. The 20 council members are elected by local elections for five years each.

The full-time mayor Andreas Kaiser of the CDU is also entitled to vote in the municipal council.

According to the results of the last local election on September 11, 2016, the following distribution of seats in the local council resulted:

• CDU : 14 seats
• SPD : 6 seats

mayor

In the mayoral election on September 11, 2011, Andreas Kaiser was confirmed by the CDU as mayor of Salzbergen with 88.89%. He received 17.41% more votes than when he was elected in 2004.

• since 2005 Andreas Kaiser (CDU)
• 1996-2005 Anni Brinker (CDU)
• 1972–1996 Hermann Niemeyer (CDU)

coat of arms

The coat of arms of the community Salzbergen shows on a red background with a silver and a blue wave beams occupied Dreienberg that indicates the salt deposits, about juxtaposed three golden drops, alluding to the local oil processing, and the blue, curving bar symbolizes the Ems on the mountains of salt lies.

Flag and banner

The flag of the municipality of Salzbergen is horizontally striped in red / white / red in a ratio of 1: 3: 1, with the municipality's coat of arms in the middle. The banner of the municipality of Salzbergen is red / white / red in a ratio of 1: 3: 1 vertical stripes, in the middle of the upper half is covered with the municipality coat of arms .

Partner municipality

•  Krzanowice , since May 2006

Culture and sights

Church of St. Cyriakus with a new tower

Back of the Church of St. Cyriakus

Museum locomotive, view from the street side

Museum locomotive

Museums

The fire brigade museum in Salzbergen , opened in 1993, shows fire brigade exhibits from all over the world. The Fire Brigade Museum Association has a number of vehicles, hand-operated spray guns, equipment and small parts. Among other things, helmets from all over the world, caps and hats, uniforms, sleeve badges, medals and decorations, steel pipes, fire extinguishers, breathing apparatus, old certificates and documents are exhibited and show the history of fire fighting. A highlight is a steam pressure syringe from 1901, which is the only one in Germany that can still be operated. The fire brigade museum has been part of the route of industrial culture in the northwest since 2010 .

music

• Salzbergen Music Association
• Church choir St. Cyriakus
• Church choir St. Marien
• Salzbergen Youth Choir
• "MissKlang" - Salzbergen women's choir

Buildings

Stovern Well (2013)

The neo-Gothic Catholic Church of St. Cyriakus was built in its current form in the years 1897–1903. At the same place there was already a church that was demolished for the new building. In 2002 the church got its original steeple back, which was demolished in the Second World War because of its proximity to the Bentlage Aviation Barracks (because of the flight path). Worth seeing is the "Klünsch" Madonna , a miraculous image in the parish church from the 15th century.

The Emsland Heuerhaus from 1729 belonged to the farm of the farmer Lölver from Holsten and, after being built by the local history association, has been near the Kolping educational center in Salzbergen since 1983. The two-tier hall house in the form of a Lower Saxony house houses the living area, hall and stables in a single room. The center of the house is the open fireplace.

The manor Gut Stovern was first mentioned around 1230 and is beautifully situated in the middle of the Stovern forest. There is a chapel on the estate, which Pope Benedict XIV already granted privileges. The building, which can also be viewed two days a month, is now surrounded on three sides by an approximately five-meter-wide moat.

More Attractions

• The last decommissioned steam locomotive 043 196-5 of the Deutsche Bundesbahn has been standing in front of the station since September 9, 1978 . It was built by Krupp in Essen in 1942 and last operated on the Emden - Rheine route in 1977 .
• About 50 meters further on is a one-man bunker from the Second World War , which was found in a nearby forest and set up at its current location in 2002.
• In the area of ​​the district Holsten-Bexten on Brandeweg / Sandweg there are Bronze Age burial mound fields with ramparts.
• Baroque wayside shrines on Emsstrasse
• Nepomukweg on the Ems
• The grave of Franz Karl Berlage ( Provost at Cologne Cathedral 1886–1917) in the cemetery with an original balustrade of Cologne Cathedral
• Remains of a "castle" in the medical center behind the parish church
• The forest area at Gut Stovern is characterized by a remarkable botanical diversity.
• Keienvenn nature reserve in the Steide district

Sports

The dominant sports club in the area is SVA Salzbergen e. V. As a popular sports club, it has departments for football, gymnastics, karate, judo, table tennis, volleyball, rowing , dancing, handball and badminton . There is also an inline-running-walking group (In-La-Wa) and the opportunity to obtain the sports badge . The club's first senior football team plays in the Emsland district league. Only players who have already played in the club's youth teams play in the team. The second men's team, also with exclusively local players, plays two classes lower in the 2nd district class. The club's volleyball ladies play in the national league.

The TC Rot-Weiß Salzbergen is active in the field of tennis.

Illuminated window of St. Cyriakus Church during the 2013 Festival of Lights

Regular events

• Salt and Oil Market (the third weekend in June)
• Salzbergen autumn fair (on the second weekend in October)
• Festival of Lights (on the weekend of the 1st Advent)

traffic

Road traffic

Salzbergen is connected to the trunk road network via the L 39 (formerly B 65 ), the B 70 , the A 30 Bad Oeynhausen - Netherlands and the A 31 Emden - Bottrop road .

On April 27, 2019, the new center relief road was opened to traffic. They are intended to free the town center of Salzbergen from truck and through traffic. After 20 years of planning and two years of construction, the 700-meter-long and 2.85 million euro road was opened.

Rail transport

Salzbergen station is on the Emsland line (KBS 395), from which the line to Almelo (NL) (KBS 375) branches off. He is in rail transport each every hour from the RE 15 " Emsland-Express " ( Münster - Rheine - Lingen - Empty - Emden ) and the RB 61 "Wiehe mountain train" ( Hengelo - Bad Bentheim -Rheine- Osnabrück - frets - Herford - Bielefeld ).

The steam locomotive 043 196-5, which was the last steam locomotive of the DB to be decommissioned on October 26, 1977, is located at the station as a memorial together with some other exhibits such as a water crane and a train destination indicator .

Transportation

In the local road transport , buses of the Verkehrsgemeinschaft Emsland-Süd (VGE) operate in school and commuter traffic within Salzbergen, to Rheine, Schüttorf , Bad Bentheim, Emsbüren and Leschede .

Salzbergen refinery , today H&R AG

Infrastructure and economy

The SDAX- listed company H&R AG has its headquarters in Salzbergen. In addition, the wind energy subsidiary of the US company General Electric , GE Wind Energy , is the successor to Tacke Windtechnik GmbH & Co. KG and is based in Salzbergen.

Personalities

Sons and daughters of the church

• Franz Karl Berlage , provost at the cathedral 1886-1917 (grave in the cemetery Salzbergen)
• Ernst Overhues (1877–1972), Lord Mayor of Düren
• Wilhelm Frerichs (1900 – unknown), SS-Obersturmführer, head of the political department in Buchenwald concentration camp
• Franz Josef Krafeld (* 1947), professor of educational science
• Hans Reckers (* 1953), lawyer, 2002–2009 member of the board of the Deutsche Bundesbank
• Gaby Baginsky (* 1954), German pop singer
• Johannes Grave (* 1976), art historian

Personalities who have worked on site

• Wilhelm Lepenau (1838–1901), founder of the Salzbergen refinery , honorary citizen of the Salzbergen community since February 25, 1900
• Maria Mönch-Tegeder (1903–1980), poet
• Max Georg Freiherr von Twickel (1926–2013), auxiliary bishop emeritus of Münster

literature

• Teachers' association of the Diocese of Osnabrück: The Lingen district. Contributions to local studies in the Osnabrück administrative district, volume I , R. van Acken publishing house, Lingen / Ems 1905
• Werner Kaemling: Atlas on the history of Lower Saxony , Gerd J. Holtzmeyer Verlag, Braunschweig 1987, ISBN 3-923722-44-3
• Hermann Abels: The place names of the Emsland, in their linguistic and cultural-historical significance , Ferdinand Schöningh Verlag, Paderborn 1929
• Christoph Oberthür, Franz Busche, Franz Barth, Heinrich Dünheuft: Home map of the Lingen district with statistical information , Verlag R. van Acken, Lingen / Ems 1953
• Ernst Förstemann, Hermann Jellinghaus (editor): Old German name book , Volume II, 1 and 2: Place names , Bonn 1913/1916 (Reprint: Volume II, 2, Hildesheim 1967/1983, ISBN 3-487-01733-4 )
• Alois Kohstall: Salzbergen. The history of a village , published by the municipality of Salzbergen, 2nd edition, 1977

Web links

Commons : Salzbergen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Website of the municipality of Salzbergen

Individual evidence

1. ↑ State Office for Statistics Lower Saxony, LSN-Online regional database, Table 12411: Update of the population, as of December 31, 2019  ( help ).
2. ↑ City GmbH: Municipality Salzbergen - history of the community. In: salzbergen.de. Retrieved March 14, 2016 . 
3. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 255 .
4. ↑ Statistical data - number of inhabitants in Salzbergen. Retrieved April 8, 2019 . 
5. ^ Lower Saxony Municipal Constitutional Law (NKomVG) in the version of December 17, 2010; Section 46 - Number of MPs , accessed on September 2, 2013.
6. ↑ Municipality of Salzbergen Municipal election 2016  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
7. ↑ Salzbergen: 88.89 percent for Mayor Andreas Kaiser , accessed on September 2, 2013
8. ↑ https://www.noz.de/lokales/salzbergen/artikel/107561/salzbergener-ehrenburgermeisterin-anni-brinker-erhalt-bundesverdienstkreuz In Neuer Osnabrücker Zeitung on May 22, 2012: "Salzbergener Honorary Mayor Anni Brinker receives Federal Cross of Merit"; accessed on September 24, 2018
9. ↑ https://www.salzbergen.de/magazin/artikel.php?menuid=235&topmenu=41&artikel=1688 Obituary by the Salzbergen community for Hermann Niemeyer; accessed on September 24, 2018
10. ↑ ^{a b c} Main statutes of the municipality of Salzbergen (PDF; 92 kB), accessed on July 10, 2016
11. ↑ Fire Brigade Museum at www.salzbergen.de, accessed on September 18, 2016
12. ^ SVA Salzbergen
13. ↑ TC Rot-Weiß Salzbergen
14. ↑ In Neue Osnabrücker Zeitung of April 28, 2019: "Local core relief road released in Salzbergen" ; accessed on April 30, 2019
15. ↑ http://www.salzbergen.de/staticsite/staticsite.php?menuid=75&topmenu=55