Papenburg
| coat of arms | Germany map | |
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Coordinates: 53 ° 4 ′ N , 7 ° 24 ′ E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Lower Saxony | |
| County : | Emsland | |
| Height : | 6 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 118.41 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 37,766 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
| Population density : | 319 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 26871 | |
| Primaries : | 04961, 04962, 04965, 04968 | |
| License plate : | Tbsp | |
| Community key : | 03 4 54 041 | |
| LOCODE : | DE PAP | |
| City structure: | 4 localities | |
City administration address : |
Main canal on the right 68/69 26871 Papenburg |
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| Website : | ||
| Mayor : | Jan Peter Bechtluft ( CDU ) | |
| Location of the city of Papenburg in the Emsland district | ||
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Papenburg is a city , an independent municipality and a medium-sized center on the Ems in the Emsland district in Lower Saxony .
geography
Geographical location
The city of Papenburg is the northernmost city in the district of Emsland , directly adjacent to the East Frisian district of Leer . The city is 11.5 kilometers long and 15.5 kilometers wide. It is located around 13 kilometers south of the city of Weener and 38 kilometers north of the city of Haren . It's about 15 kilometers from Papenburg to the Dutch border to the west. The coastal channel runs to the south of the city . In the west of the city run the Dortmund-Ems Canal and the Ems , which is largely subject to the tides up to Herbrum and makes Papenburg the southernmost seaport in Germany. The Ems is dammed once or twice a year with the help of the barrage in Gandersum , so that the Meyer Werft can transfer ocean-going vessels to the North Sea .
Neighboring communities
The city of Papenburg borders on eight municipalities and cities. In the north, Papenburg borders the communities Westoverledingen and Rhauderfehn and the city of Weener , both in the district of Leer . In the west it borders on the municipality of Rhede , in the south on the municipalities of Heede , Lehe and Neulehe in the integrated municipality of Dörpen . In the east, Papenburg borders on the community of Surwold in the integrated community of Nordhümmling .
City structure
The city of Papenburg is divided into seven districts. Since the municipal reform in 1973, the former city of Aschendorf (1) and the municipalities of Herbrum (2), Tunxdorf (3), Nenndorf (4) and Bokel (5) have been affiliated to the city of Papenburg, which in turn are divided into lower end (6) and upper end (7 ) is divided.
- Aschendorf: The former town of Aschendorf is one of the oldest places in Lower Saxony.
- Herbrum: Herbrum is mainly used for agriculture and is located on the Ems.
- Tunxdorf: Tunxdorf lies in a loop of the river Ems.
- Nenndorf: Nenndorf is close to nature between Tunxdorf and Bokel.
- Bokel: Bokel is growing as a residential area, but mainly serves agriculture.
- Bottom end: The bottom end forms the center of the city, here are almost all important public facilities, most shopping opportunities and cultural offers.
- Top end: The top end is mainly a large residential area and offers the canal city's history.
Since the construction dock and factory premises of Meyer Werft and the relocation of the motorway feeder around 2002–2008, the former Bokel area has now been at the bottom. Before that, the top and bottom were also not official districts and were not marked on maps by a border.
channels
Papenburg is Germany's oldest and longest Fehn colony . Canals shape the cityscape in Papenburg at the top and bottom and have long been the main development axes. The network of canals extends from the port on the Ems (lower end) to the coastal canal in the southeast (upper end) and has a total length of approx. 40 km with a length of approx. 14 km .
Originally the canals were created to drain the bog so that the peat could then be broken down and made usable as fuel or sold. Once the channels have been discovered as an efficient transport routes, after which created dozens of wooden shipyards barges built that first man-made, and later more and more of horses on the waterways towed were. In some canals, firmly anchored, there are replicas of old ships - from simple barges to large brigs - which are reminiscent of this time.
The streets that run parallel to the canals on both sides are usually called "Erste Wiek links" or "Umländerwiek right", where "left" and "right" are seen from the former location of Papenborg - the origin of the city of Papenburg at the northwest end of the lower end, today's "Old" port. The word Wiek means something like "switch" in the sense of a turn or junction. Some former canals, such as the "Osterkanal" or the "Gasthauskanal", can still be recognized by their street names.
climate
The climate in Papenburg is characterized by the Central European west wind zone. According to the Köppen climate classification , Papenburg is in classification C (warm-temperate climate). The average annual temperature is 8.7 ° C. The warmest months are July and August with a monthly mean temperature of more than 16 ° C. The coldest month is January with an average of 1.2 ° C. The amount of precipitation within one year in Papenburg is 757 mm. The rainiest month is November with 77 mm, the least rainy month is February with 41 mm.
In Papenburg the sun shines a total of 1372 hours a year. May, July and August offer the greatest chance of sun. There are 186 hours of sunshine during these months. In January and December, however, the sun only shines for 31 hours each.
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Average monthly temperatures and rainfall for Papenburg
Source: klima.org , mappedplanet.com
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history
This section describes the emergence of Papenburg as a canal city starting from the bottom. Today's Aschendorf district is older and also one of the oldest places in Lower Saxony.
prehistory
Around the year 1250 the bishop of Münster had the moated castle "Papenborch" built, the name of the city goes back to this. It was located on the present site of the Alte Werft forum . The Papenborch served the bishops of Münster as travel accommodation on their way to East Friesland . Papenborch thus had the obligation of an “open house” ( apen hus ), so it had to be able to accommodate guests at all times. Therefore it was necessary to live in and maintain the castle at all times. This was only possible when the Papenborch was handed over to a nobleman as a fief .
On May 16, 1458, Bishop Johann von Münster enfeoffed Hayo von Haren ( called : von der Papenborch ), provost of Leer, with the Papenborch. The lapel that is exhibited above contains the oldest verifiable documentary mention of Papenburg.
In 1460 Rolf and Engelbert von Langen attacked the castle and took it into their possession. They wanted to make their demands for compensation against the city of Munster clear, in whose service they were. Bishop Johann von Münster then confiscated the von Langens property and freed the Papenborch with his troops. It was then transferred back to Hayo von Haren.
On November 6, 1484, Hayo's son, Alrick von der Papenburg, inherited his father. Bishop Heinrich III von Münster enfeoffed him with the castle and half of the courtyard at Lehe . Alrick died in 1485 or 1486, so that Papenburg became the property of his two sisters Adde and Awe. Her men, Ludeke Hake and Winrich von Brahe, were enfeoffed with the castle on November 29, 1486. After Hake's death, the fiefdom passed into the sole possession of Winrich von Brahe on November 20, 1489. At that time, the Bishop of Munster repeatedly dared to invade East Frisia. The subsequent defensive battles of the East Frisians often took place in the Papenburg area. Therefore, there were repeated losses of cows and other farm animals .
Even before Winrich von Brahe's death, the castle passed into the possession of his son Winrich and his son-in-law Eggert von Nagel in 1509 . From then on, the castle was owned by two families for 59 years. The Nagel sold their share in Papenburg to Klaus Hatte, who was enfeoffed in 1521. After his death in 1534, his share went to his widow Wibbeke. She bequeathed the property to her second husband Series von Langen (called: Kreyenribbe ), who was enfeoffed in 1555 by Wilhelm von Münster . After his death, Brahe's share went to his sister Heilke and his brother-in-law Eggert von Nagel. They bequeathed their share to their son-in-law Christian von Plettenberg . After his death, Plettenberg bequeathed the share to his son Nagel von Plettenberg. In 1568 he bought the second part of the castle from Series von Langen, so that the castle was again owned by a single person.
Plettenberg bequeathed the castle to his son Christian Viktor, who died in 1614. Instead of his underage daughter Sybille, the guardian Arnold von Schwenke was enfeoffed with the castle. After Sybille received the castle, she bequeathed the property to her second husband Friedrich Freiherr von Schwarzenberg in 1620. Due to the consequences of the Thirty Years' War , the castle was in poor condition. Schwarzenberg wanted to sell the castle because he could no longer handle the maintenance costs. The Drost of Emsland Dietrich von Velen applied for the fiefdom . He wanted to colonize the moor and set up a fen colony based on the Dutch model. To this end, he made a proposal as to how he could make the area around the Papenborch arable . In this document, regulations for the drainage of the bog, borders , law , land division, protection, levies and customs are laid down. He oriented himself strongly to the Wildervank fen colony , which he scouted with the help of advisors . Velen submitted the proposal to Bishop Ferdinand von Munster . On December 2, 1630, the Drost bought the fiefdom for 1,500 Reichstaler .
17th century
Founding years (1631–1657)
Bishop Ferdinand von Münster enfeoffed his Drosten Dietrich von Velen and his descendants with the castle and Gut Papenborch in April 1631 (the sources differ in terms of the day). This year is generally considered to be the founding year of the later city of Papenburg. In addition, Velen granted civil and criminal jurisdiction . This gave him the powers of a judge.
Velen planned to connect Papenburg with the Ems by a canal . For this purpose, the Bokel municipality had to acquire land from the Papenburg border on the Hampoel to the Ems . On May 1, 1631, judge Georg Möwe in Aschendorf signed a contract between von Velen and the farmers of the Bokel farms. In this contract it was stipulated that a canal to the Ems should be built on the land of the farmers. The canal served to drain the bog and at the same time provided a new transport route for peat ships to the Ems. To this end, the Drost undertook to drain the farmers' land and to ensure the maintenance of the valley and the sluice in the Emsdeich. The farmers were also allowed to use the canal. Jan zum Poel (Poeljan) was commissioned to build the canal for a fee of 70 thalers.
The construction of the canal had to be interrupted as early as 1633 due to the Thirty Years War . When the Swedes invaded northern Germany under King Gustav II Adolf , von Velen fled to the Sparrenburg , where he was later arrested. Only in 1638 was he freed by his cousin Alexander von Velen. Immediately after his liberation, Dietrich von Velen took care of the colonization of the moor around Papenburg. The canal was completed in 1639. In addition, the first three hired workers settled in 1639 . They were Johann Lambers Veen, N. Hermann Hoff and Bernhard Schiffer. Together with seven other settlers who can be proven up to 1657, they are considered Papenburg's patriarchs .
The land gained by draining the bog was divided into plazas and given to the colonists with a long lease . One square was 462 meters long and 83.16 meters wide. The first settlers built their houses along the main canal. Their places were connected to streets running parallel to the canal. This structure is still in place today in many parts of Papenburg and has shaped the cityscape.
Since the borders of Papenburg were never finally clarified, there were frequent border disputes, especially with the East Frisians . While the border was contractually stipulated with the municipality of Bokel on April 25, 1640 and with Aschendorf on January 11, 1646, no agreement could be reached with the East Frisians until the 18th century. Since Papenburg lay exactly on the border between Emsland and East Frisia, both the East Frisians and the Münster bishopric raised claims to this area. The majority of the castle and the surrounding land were in the Emsland. This was sold around 1250 by Sophie von Ravensburg to Prince-Bishop Otto II of Münster for 40,000 silver marks. The area around Papenburg thus legally belonged to the diocese of Münster. In 1651 boundary surveys were carried out with the municipality of Völlen . However, this did not stop the constant border incursions. Again and again it came to the destruction of houses and verlaaten or the occupation of mills. Only under the rule of the Prussians in East Frisia (from 1744) did the disputes slowly weaken.
As early as 1642, von Velen had a new manor house , the Haus Papenburg , built. He built this a few meters from Papenburg in order to avoid further border disputes with the East Frisians. The Papenburg house was completed in 1648 and cost the Drosten 3000 guilders. In 1682 it was also moved with a moat . The new mansion formed the center of the settlement. A brickworks and a lime kiln were built around the Papenburg house. In addition, the canal was widened from the Siel to Papenburg.
On February 7, 1657, Papenburg was granted the status of glory by the Prince-Bishop of Münster, Christoph Bernhard von Galen . Thus the Drost received the taxes for the sales of goods in Papenburg and all sovereign rights . It was particularly advantageous for the recruitment of new settlers that they did not have to pay taxes. A windmill was also allowed to be built in Papenburg. In addition, the limits of glory were redefined. The Drost committed itself to fidelity and had to spread the teachings of the Roman Catholic Church in Papenburg. In the same year Velen had a courthouse built on the square of the manor house. The founder of Papenburg Dietrich von Velen died on September 10 or December 14, 1657.
Settlement of Papenburg under Mathias von Velen (1657–1700)
Dietrich von Velen was inherited by his son Mathias, who was enfeoffed with the glory of Papenburg on October 28, 1658. Due to the Thirty Years' War, hardly any new colonists came to Papenburg. In 1661 there were only 15 apartments in the fen colony. Therefore, on January 22nd, 1661 von Velen initiated the publication of a poster in Emsland, East Friesland and the province of Groningen , on which it was advertised with favorable settlement conditions. In addition, the rights and duties of the colonists were redefined in order to further improve the settlement conditions. The poster is therefore a kind of constitutional document for the city. Among other things, the colonists were promised to convert the time lease for the plaatzen into a long lease after 5–20 years. The recruitment of new settlers proved successful. New colonists came to Papenburg, especially from the Emsland neighborhood, but also from East Friesland and Groningen.
In 1662, with the construction of the Dutch windmill Meyers Mühle, the privilege of building a windmill in Papenburg was used. The colonists or hiring men were first referred to as settlers in 1669 . This indicates that the time lease was converted into a long lease as promised and that the plaatzen became the property of the settlers. Meanwhile, the construction of the main canal continued. It was dug along a natural watercourse, the Papenborger Rinnen . On the Vosseberg , large masses of sand prevented the settlers from building any further. The canal was built in a different direction, so that a Wiek (turn) was created. The area along the new canal was ready for settlement in 1688.
In 1666 the plague raged in Papenburg. Due to the many deaths, the first cemetery was built in Papenburg in autumn . In addition, a gallows was erected in 1674 . The former settler and valet of Velens, Heinrich Hölscher, bequeathed his house to Papenburg and a considerable amount of money for the construction of a church. His house was used as a rectory. Construction of the church began in 1674; it was completed three years later (1677). On December 7, 1680, the church was consecrated by Prince-Bishop Ferdinand II , with St. Anthony as patron saint . Ludger Böhmer became the first pastor.
In 1683/84 the construction of the first verlaates above the St. Antonius Church began. In 1688, the August market was the first festival in Papenburg.
After Mathias von Velen's death in 1700, his son Christoph Alexander was enfeoffed with the glory of Papenburg on July 17, 1700. Shipping began under him in Papenburg. The first peat ships ( Mutten ) bought in East Frisia drove on the canals. The Papenburger Siel also allowed ships to travel over the Ems to East Friesland to sell the peat that was cut there .
18th century
On October 13, 1719, the East Frisian prince imposed a trade ban on peat from Papenburg. The years 1725 to 1727 were marked by protests against excessive taxes. The protests culminated in an uprising against the Drosten in 1727, which was, however, suppressed by the episcopal military from Münster. As a punishment, the duties and duties to be paid were increased in a settlement on October 23, 1727 under Anton Bernhard von Velen. Meanwhile, shipbuilding in Papenburg continued to gain in importance. As early as 1744, every fourth Papenburg citizen was involved in shipbuilding. Shipbuilding was further strengthened by the Seven Years' War from 1756 to 1763, as the Ems was an important supply route for the troops.
19th century
In 1806 Papenburg shipowners, led by the patrimonial judge Bernhard Gottfried Bueren, asked the Duke of Arenberg to release the glory from the ducal sovereignty into independence. This request was not granted.
As a result of the agreements at the Congress of Vienna , Papenburg fell to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1815 .
On May 17, 1833, Papenburg received a new constitution, which, however, did not meet the reform requirements, as it only gave the place the status of a patch . On March 30, 1853, the community bought the manorial rights of the von Landsberg-Velen family to Papenburg for 100,000 thalers. With that the glory of Papenburg was extinguished.
In 1856 Papenburg was connected to the Hannoversche Westbahn from Osnabrück to Emden .
On August 1, 1860, the Royal Hanoverian Ministry of the Interior approved the adoption of the city regulations of 1858. Papenburg became a city .
20th century
During the Weimar Republic, the Emsland was a stronghold of the German Center Party . This was strictly separated from the NSDAP . Its few sympathizers hardly appeared in public until the Reichstag elections in March 1933 . The Emsländer did not initially take this date as a turning point. However, the National Socialists began to enforce their rule immediately after the elections. On March 31, 1933, SA members posted themselves in front of Jewish shops during the so-called Jewish boycott in order to deter those willing to buy. The regime replaced the full-time mayor with its own Nazi followers, initially in Lingen in July 1933. By November 1933, the NSDAP also forced the mayors of Meppen, Haselünne, Papenburg and Aschendorf to vacate their posts.
On June 20, 1933, the Prussian Minister of the Interior, Hermann Göring, ordered the construction of three camps for around 5,000 protective prisoners in Börgermoor , Esterwegen and Neusustrum . On June 28, the "Administrative Directorate of the State Concentration Camps" was set up in Papenburg to manage it. In July, the supervision of the camps was transferred to the SS and SS-Standartenführer Brinkmann was appointed as the upper camp commandant . From then until 1945 Papenburg was the seat of the central administration of the 15 prisoner and concentration camps that were merged under the name Emslandlager .
Between 1945 and 1948 the northern Emsland including Papenburg was part of the Polish zone of occupation , which was a special area within the British zone of occupation . Many displaced persons were also accommodated in Papenburg . From June 1945 to April 1946 there was even a Polish elementary school in the “Splitting II” settlement.
In 1952, the then neighboring community of Aschendorf (Ems) received town charter. The city of Aschendorf (Ems) was again incorporated into the city of Papenburg on January 1, 1973, together with the communities of Bokel, Herbrum, Nenndorf and Tunxdorf. On July 1, 1974, an area of the neighboring municipality of Westoverledingen was added with about 100 residents at that time. On March 28, 1990, the Lower Saxony state parliament passed a law on the reorganization of the city of Aschendorf (and the communities of Langförden , Vörden and Mulsum ) to correct the community reform. This law was declared null and void by the Federal Constitutional Court on May 12, 1992.
In the course of the district reform of 1977, the previous district of Aschendorf-Hümmling and thus Papenburg was incorporated into the newly formed district of Emsland . On January 1, 1985, the city of Papenburg received its current status as an independent municipality .
After plans by the Mercedes-Benz company to build a test track in a moor south-east of Papenburg became known, in 1991 opponents of the test track set up the hut village of Anatopia . After the clearance in 1995, construction began on the test track, which has been known as Automotive Testing Papenburg since 1998 .
21st century
From 2002 to 2008, the building dock and factory premises of Meyer Werft were expanded again and the motorway feeder relocated. The city was restructured through the official creation of the districts of Papenburg-Unterende and Papenburg-Obenende . The area, which includes the Meyer Werft site and the motorway feeder and which previously belonged to Bokel, is now part of the bottom end.
On April 16, 2014, Lower Saxony's Prime Minister Stephan Weil opened the 5th Lower Saxony State Garden Show in Papenburg. The state horticultural show took place on the garden show grounds of the Papenburg city park as well as in the flower shows around the “Forum Alte Werft”. The Low German motto of the state horticultural show is colorful and bliede and means something like colorful and cheerful . The state horticultural show lasted from April 16 to October 19, 2014.
population
Population development
Population development from 1639 to 2018:
Population from 1974 including incorporated towns.
Religions
The Papenburg population belongs to 52.78% of the Roman Catholic and 16.53% of the Evangelical Lutheran Church. More than 30% of the population belong to other or no religious groups. This also includes the Muslim Fatih Camii community with its mosque (central canal on the right).
politics
(2011: 44.58%; 2006: 52.80%)
Papenburg has the status of an independent municipality .
City council
The city council of the city of Papenburg consists of 38 council members. This is the specified number for a city with a population of over 30,000 and less than 40,001. The 38 council members are elected for five years each by local elections. The current term of office began on November 1, 2016.
The full-time mayor Jan Peter Bechtluft (CDU) is also entitled to vote in the city council.
The local election on September 11, 2016 resulted in the following distribution of seats:
| CDU | 16 seats |
| SPD | 8 seats |
| FDP | 3 seats |
| B'90 / The Greens | 3 seats |
| UBF | 3 seats |
| UWG | 2 seats |
| AfD | 1 seat |
mayor
The full-time mayor of the city of Papenburg is Jan Peter Bechtluft (CDU). In the last mayoral election on May 25, 2014, he was re-elected as incumbent with 54.4% of the votes in the first ballot. The turnout was 44.8%. Bechtluft began his further term in office on November 1, 2014.
Localities
The former town of Aschendorf forms a village with a local council and a local mayor. The former municipalities of Herbrum, Nenndorf and Tunxdorf each form a village with a local mayor.
Representatives in the Land and Bundestag
Papenburg is part of the Papenburg state electoral district . In addition to the city, it also includes the communities Rhede (Ems) and the combined communities Dörpen , Lathen , Nordhümmling , Sögel and Werlte . Five direct candidates ran for the state elections in Lower Saxony in 2013 . The directly elected MP is Bernd Busemann ( CDU ). The constituency had constituency number 82.
The city belongs to the Bundestag constituency Unterems (constituency 25), which consists of the district of Leer and the northern part of the district of Emsland. The constituency was redesigned for the 1980 federal election and has remained unchanged since then. So far, only representatives of the CDU have prevailed as direct candidates in this constituency. The constituency is represented in the Bundestag by the directly elected CDU MP Gitta Connemann from Leer. No party candidate from the constituency entered the Bundestag via the parties' list.
badges and flags
The colors of the city (see tinging ) are yellow or gold, red and blue. The city flag has three horizontal stripes in these colors and shows the coat of arms in the center . The coat of arms of the city of Papenburg shows a black, crowned lion rising from left to right in the red field.
Town twinning
Papenburg has twinned cities with two municipalities. Since September 10, 1988 Papenburg has been twinned with the French city of Rochefort . Another partnership was decided on October 14, 1995 with the rural community of Pogranitschny (formerly Hermsdorf) in Russia . In addition to these official city partnerships, there are contacts to the Dutch municipality of Stadskanaal , the Spanish city of Torrelavega and a friendship with the Polish city of Ruda Śląska .
Culture and sights
Theater and music
- In Papenburg, theater performances and other cultural events are mostly implemented by Papenburg Kultur . Theater and cabaret, lectures and art exhibitions, classical and contemporary concerts (e.g. jazz ) and other events take place in the town hall, the theater and the auditorium of the state grammar school. The city is a permanent venue for the Lower Saxony North State Theater .
- Industrial architecture defines the Alte Werft forum . After Meyer Werft moved to the outer harbor in the early 1980s, the city gradually converted the site into a culture and leisure center. In addition to the town hall, the theater at the shipyard is also worth seeing.
Museums and exhibitions
- Papenburg offers a supraregional exhibition center in Gut Altenkamp (Aschendorf district), the Von-Velen-Anlage open-air museum (Obenende district) and the interactive museum “ Papenburger Zeitspeicher ” (Unterende district), which is unique in Germany . There is also a cinema with six cinemas.
- The Von-Velen-conditioning shows with life-size bronze figures, old Fehnhäusern and built of turf houses or huts, like the first settlers in Papenburg lived.
- The open-air shipping museum includes faithful replicas of old Papenburg ships made of wood, which are firmly anchored in the canals throughout the city, such as B. the brig " Friederike von Papenburg " in front of the town hall. The replica Schmack “ Gesine von Papenburg ” is ready to go, but is presented to the public in its home port at maritime festivals in Papenburg.
- The documentation and information center deals with the history of the Second World War in the Emsland and the Emsland camps set up by the National Socialists .
“ Friederike von Papenburg ” in the main canal
Kuff "Margaretha von Papenburg"
"Thekla von Papenburg"
Tow ship at the Splitting near the Von Velen facility
Buildings and sights
- Papenburg has a city structure reminiscent of the Netherlands with canals and bascule bridges and is also called the Venice of the North .
- The Roman Catholic St. Antonius Church is the church of the oldest parish in Papenburg. It was built from 1873 to 1877 with around 12 million bricks. Because of the boggy subsoil, half of it was used for the foundation . The church was built in neo-Gothic style according to plans by Alexander Behnes , who was born in Papenburg and was the diocesan master builder of the Diocese of Osnabrück , with rich wall paintings on the inside. The glass windows in the aisles date from 1965 and are based on a design by Sister Erentrud Trost .
- The Roman Catholic St. Michael Church at Papenburger Obenende was built between 1908 and 1911 in the style of a neo-Romanesque basilica . In addition to wall and ceiling paintings, the eternal light in the form of a fully rigged ship is worth seeing.
- The old tower , the landmark of the top end, is in front of the St. Michael Church. It is modeled after the Riga lighthouse . In the back area of the tower you can see the outlines of the earlier, old church, whose steeple it once was.
- The ev.-luth. Nikolaikirche was built in the neo-Gothic style in 1870.
- The Papenbörger Hus , opposite the Von-Velen-Anlage , is an old captain's and arable citizen's house . Buckwheat pancakes , known as the “Papenburg specialty” , are served here.
- The town hall of Papenburg was built in neo-baroque style and inaugurated in 1913. The meeting room is decorated with frescoes from the city's history. The garden-like town hall forecourt is also worth seeing.
- The Papenburg post mill , one of the oldest types of mills in use in Germany, can be seen on the “Wiek” canal . It is the last of its kind in the Emsland and one of the last in Germany. In addition, “Meyers Mühle” on the main canal has been expanded by a private initiative into a small museum that is financed through the sale of baked goods.
- The largest covered dry dock in Europe is a remarkable structure, the predecessor of which, still in use, was considered the largest covered dry dock in the world for decades. These ship production halls belong to the Meyer shipyard .
In addition, one of the world's largest manufacturer-independent automotive test tracks in Europe is located in Papenburg. At Automotive Testing Papenburg , manufacturers of passenger and commercial vehicles from all over the world and their suppliers test their products.
St. Antonius Church , bottom end
St. Michael Church, top end
St. Amandus Church, Aschendorf
The old tower, at the top
Sports
There are numerous sports clubs in Papenburg. These include the Papenburger Ruderclub eV and the sailing clubs YC Papenburg and SV Turmkanal Papenburg . In the city area there is the SC Blau Weiß Papenburg 94 e. V. (emerged from the clubs Germania Papenburg and Amisia 09 Papenburg ), the TuS Aschendorf eV, the Eintracht Papenburg eV and the SV 1923 eV Herbrum four football clubs. The Gutshof e. V. in Aschendorfermoor operates an 18-hole course. There are also several traditional shooting and rifle clubs (mostly localized) for air pistols , rifles and bows .
The European long-distance hiking trail E9 runs through Papenburg and stretches from Portugal to the Baltic States.
Regular events
- Completed new ships at the Meyer shipyard are presented to the interested public in the harbor basin in front of the shipyard after undocking and before the Ems overpass, usually for two weeks. In front of the backdrop of undocked cruise ships, " NDR 2 Papenburg Festivals" have been held since 2009 with tens of thousands of spectators.
- Every year in June, the Unterende merchants organize a city festival as an association festival for the citizens.
- In the years with an odd number, medieval markets have been held on the main canal since 2011 at the beginning of September.
- In the years with an even number, harbor festivals are held in the waters of the city center at the beginning of September.
Economy and Infrastructure
Papenburg is a medium-sized center . Papenburg's economy is mainly industrial. The most important branches of industry are shipbuilding (see also shipbuilding in East Friesland and Papenburg ), automotive supplies, tourism. Other branches of industry are the textile industry, horticulture, and motor vehicle testing.
Papenburg's trade and industry is divided as follows:
- Commercial and industrial area north
- Industrial area south
- Commercial and industrial area Deverhafen
- Von-Herz-Strasse industrial park
- Gutshofstrasse industrial area
- Flachsmeerstraße industrial park
- Business park Rheder Straße
- Commercial area at the test site
- Nienhauser Bogen commercial area
In these commercial and industrial areas are u. a. the following companies are located:
Meyer Werft , KS Gleitlager , ATP Automotive Testing Papenburg , Gartenbauzentrale Papenburg, Johann Bunte Bauunternehmung, Salamander Industrie-Produkte , EEV BioEnergie GmbH & Co. KG (biomass heating power plant), EMS Precab, Emsland Paneele, as well as other medium-sized and large industrial and commercial enterprises.
Due to the maritime orientation of the economy, Papenburg, in contrast to the rest of the Emsland, is assigned to the chamber district of the IHK Emden. Accordingly, the official name of the chamber is the Chamber of Commerce and Industry for East Friesland and Papenburg .
media
The Ems-Zeitung appears in Papenburg , which is a local edition of the Neue Osnabrücker Zeitung and the only local daily newspaper on site. Furthermore, Papenburg is in the circulation area of several weekly advertising papers such as the Wecker ( newspaper group Ostfriesland ), the Sonntags-Report and the EL-Kurier .
traffic
Motorways / trunk roads
Papenburg is connected to the motorway network by the A31 . Junction points are located in the neighboring municipality of Rhede and in the city of Weener . In addition, the B 70 leads through the city in the direction of Leer or Meppen . The B 401 can be reached in a few minutes via Surwold . A bypass of Surwold is planned. It is about 15 kilometers from Papenburg to the Dutch border.
Transportation
Rail transport
The RE15 Münster - Emden (Emsland-Express) of the Westfalenbahn stops every hour at the Papenburg (Ems) and Aschendorf stations , which are on the Rheine – Emden railway line . In addition, the IC Norddeich Mole - Koblenz (- Konstanz ) stops in Papenburg (Ems) every two hours .
Goods with a weight of 351,356 t (2012 411,306 t) were transported by rail from and to the Papenburg seaport in 2013 .
Bus transport
The public transport in Papenburg is made up of seven city lines and various regional lines together. Operators are private bus companies . The largest company, Fischer-Linienverkehre (FischerBus), operates all city routes and almost all regional routes. The company sometimes uses subcontractors .
The city bus lines 1-4 connect the districts of Obenende, Kapitäns Siedlung and Aschendorf with the lower end and the Papenburg train station (lines 1-3) and are served at least every two hours during the day from around 9 am to 6 pm. There is no traffic on weekdays outside of these times and on weekends.
On Saturdays, a basic network is maintained by the regional bus lines in that these lines also serve sections of the city bus line. The regional bus routes run every two hours on weekdays. On Saturdays there are up to three departures in each direction. There is no traffic on Sundays and public holidays.
High-floor vehicles of various types are also used. The reason for this is the design of the timetable for school traffic. In low traffic time also operate low-floor vehicles of type Sprinter .
The use of buses is rather low due to the high level of motorization in the entire Emsland and the opaque offer. From 2011, the Independent Voting Community Papenburg e. V. (UWG) Efforts to strengthen city bus traffic through political engagement. The PapenburgBUS concept arose from this commitment .
Bicycle traffic
Lead through the urban area:
- The Ems cycle path , it begins at the Ems source in the village of Schloß Holte-Stukenbrock on the edge of the Teutoburg Forest and follows the Ems over a distance of 375 kilometers.
- The Emsland Route , a 300-kilometer circuit between Rheine and Papenburg.
- The German Fehnroute is a 165-kilometer circuit through East Frisia and the Emsland . It is named after the fen settlements that are frequent in this area .
Air traffic
Leer-Papenburg airfield is located in the northern part of the city, Nüttermoor .
shipping
Due to its location on the Ems, Papenburg has the southernmost seaport in Germany and two yacht harbors . Papenburg has a dock port for sea ( coasters ) and inland waterway vessels , by a more than century-old lock from the tidal underlying Unterems is protected. Mainly bulk goods such as gravel, peat and wood, but also steel and machine parts are handled here.
The total cargo handling of sea and inland shipping in the port of Papenburg was 727,818 t in 2013 (584,786 t in maritime traffic with 235 seagoing calls, 143,032 t in inland shipping ). In 2012 it was 794,980 t (603,618 t in maritime traffic with 220 calls by sea, 191,362 t in inland navigation). In 2015, 586,827 t were handled by sea. Sea freight throughput continued to decline to 559,976 t in 2016, while inland waterway throughput rose by 22% to 136,946 t. In 2017, the cargo throughput for ocean-going vessels was 647,217 t and for inland waterway vessels 205,241 t.
fire Department
The fire protection and general help are by the volunteer fire department ensures Papenburg with the following fire services:
- Local fire brigade Papenburg-bottom end ( main fire brigade )
- Local fire brigade Papenburg-Obenende ( base fire brigade )
- Local fire brigade Papenburg-Aschendorf (base fire brigade)
In addition to federal highways 70 and 401, there are also state roads in the Papenburg city area. In addition to the main focus of use in traffic accidents, there are industrial and commercial operations in Papenburg, especially within the industrial and commercial areas, which characterize the second major operational focus. In addition to the Meyer shipyard, there is also the biomass cogeneration plant, on whose premises large quantities of wood are stored, which represent a considerable fire load. The equipment trolley for dangerous goods of the fire brigade downstairs is responsible for the entire northern Emsland and therefore operates on a regional basis. In addition, a water rescue equipment trolley and a lifeboat are stationed at the Obenende location in order to carry out operations on and in the water. The Papenburg fire brigades complete up to 250 missions per year.
Personalities
sons and daughters of the town
- Gottfried Wilhelm Bueren (1801-1859), city counsel and song writer
- Alexander Behnes (1843–1924), architect, cathedral and diocesan builder in Osnabrück
- Joseph Lambert Meyer (1846–1920), shipyard owner
- Enno Russell (1869–1949), banking lawyer
- Werner Remmers (1930–2011), economist and politician (former Lower Saxony Minister of Education and the Environment)
- Walter Remmers (1933–2018), politician (former Minister of Justice and Interior in Saxony-Anhalt and Lower Saxony)
- Hermann-Josef Bunte (* 1941), legal scholar and art collector
- Hermann Krallmann (* 1945), professor of systems analysis and IT in Faculty IV Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at the Technical University of Berlin
- Hans-Carl Jongebloed (* 1946), professor for vocational and business education at the Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel
- Bernard Meyer (* 1948), engineer and entrepreneur
- Karl Puls-Janssen (* 1955 in Aschendorf), politician (Greens), member of the Lower Saxony state parliament
- Holger Altmeppen (* 1957), German lawyer and professor at the University of Passau
- Helmut Krumminga (* 1961), rock guitarist
- Helmut Hillebrand (* 1966), biologist and professor at the University of Oldenburg
- Olaf Kramer (* 1970), rhetorician and literary scholar
- Stephan A. Jansen (* 1971), economist; Professor and President of the Zeppelin University in Friedrichshafen
- Felix Rehbock , OMI (* 1971), Catholic religious priest and provincial of the Central European Province of the Oblates
- Ansgar Ahlers (* 1975), director, screenwriter and film producer
- Torsten Bewernitz (* 1975), political scientist and trade unionist
- Oliver Polak (* 1976), comedian and author
Personalities who have worked in this city
- Carl Hettlage (1874–1935), politician, 1906–1911 mayor of Papenburg
- Felix Graf von Luckner (1881–1966), naval officer, pirate and writer, obtained the captain's license in 1907 at the Papenburg seafaring school
- Helmut Heißenbüttel (1921–1996), writer, lived in Papenburg from 1932 to 1940
- Rudolf Seiters (* 1937), politician, former Federal Minister of the Interior, lives in Papenburg
- Hans-Michael Goldmann (* 1946), politician, parliamentary group leader and councilor of the city of Papenburg
- Peter Raske (* 1949), active as a politician in Papenburg
- Heiner Altmeppen (* 1951), painter and graphic artist, grew up in Papenburg, painted the "Papenburg landscapes"
- Klaus-Uwe Nommensen (* 1952), theologian, author, publicist and parish priest in Papenburg
- Horst Bösing (* 1954), composer and music producer from Aschendorf, went to high school in Papenburg
- Susanne Brandt (* 1964), librarian in Papenburg, songwriter, author and editor
- Key Pousttchi (* 1970), first German professor for business informatics and digitization, University of Potsdam, grew up in Papenburg
literature
in order of appearance
Papenburg
- Joachim Rechtmann: The recent development of the large German fen colonies. With special consideration of Papenburg . Diss., University of Cologne 1966.
- Hans Döbber: Papenburg - from the history of the city . Fehn-Verlag Johannes Eissing, Papenburg 1981.
- Wolf-Dieter Mohrmann (Ed.): History of the City of Papenburg , Verlag der Stadt Papenburg 1986, ISBN 3-925742-00-X .
- Christoph Figur: The development of Papenburg from 1631 to 1815. A workbook for all types of school at lower secondary level, a reader for anyone interested in the history of Papenburg . Published by the Heimatverein Papenburg. P-und-D-Verlag, Papenburg 1988, ISBN 3-926863-03-X .
Publications on the Emsland that also cover Papenburg
- Hermann Abels: The place names of the Emsland, in their linguistic and cultural-historical significance , Ferdinand Schöningh Verlag, Paderborn 1929.
- Werner Kaemling: Atlas on the history of Lower Saxony , Gerd J. Holtzmeyer Verlag, Braunschweig 1987, ISBN 3-923722-44-3 .
Web links
- City of Papenburg: papenburg.de
- Development and structure of a feudal settlement using the example of Papenburg
- Map of Papenburg in the historical Papen Atlas (1: 100,000)
- ( Page no longer available , search in web archives: Map of Papenburg 1899 ) (1: 25,000)
- 360 degree view from the Papenburg town hall square
Individual evidence
- ↑ State Office for Statistics Lower Saxony, LSN-Online regional database, Table 12411: Update of the population, as of December 31, 2019 ( help ).
- ^ Main statutes of the city of Papenburg
- ↑ a b basic and structural data. City of Papenburg, January 1, 2019, accessed on May 15, 2019 .
- ↑ a b c mappedplanet.com: Climate values for Papenburg , accessed December 29, 2011
- ↑ klima.org: Climate values for Papenburg , accessed December 29, 2011
- ↑ Ernst Förstemann (Ed.): Old German Name Book , Vol. II: Ortsnames , Nordhausen, 2nd edition 1872, p. 1189; 3., completely reworked. Ed. Published by Hermann Jellinghaus , Vol II., Local and other geographical names , subband 2: L-Z . Hanstein, Bonn 1916.
- ↑ Hans Döbber: Papenburg - from the history of the city , 1981, pp 9-11
- ↑ a b c papenburg.de: History of the City ( Memento from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on January 9, 2012
- ↑ Wolf-Dieter Mohrmann: History of the City of Papenburg , 1986, p. 96
- ^ Wolf-Dieter Mohrmann: History of the City of Papenburg , 1986, pp. 96–97
- ^ Wolf-Dieter Mohrmann: History of the City of Papenburg , 1986, pp. 97-98
- ^ Wolf-Dieter Mohrmann: History of the City of Papenburg , 1986, p. 98
- ↑ Document directory from the general archive of Landsberg-Velen with holdings for Papenburg / digital Westphalian document database (DWUD)
- ↑ Hans Döbber: Papenburg - from the history of the city , 1981, pp 20-22
- ↑ a b Hans Döbber, Papenburg - from the history of the city , 1981, p. 22
- ↑ Hans Döbber: Papenburg - from the history of the city , 1981, pp 22-23
- ↑ Hans Döbber: Papenburg - from the history of the city , 1981, p. 23
- ↑ Hans Döbber: Papenburg - from the history of the city , 1981, pp. 24-27
- ↑ Hans Döbber: Papenburg - from the history of the city , 1981, p. 27
- ↑ Hans Döbber: Papenburg - from the history of the city , 1981, pp. 28-29
- ↑ Hans Döbber: Papenburg - from the history of the city , 1981, pp 29-31
- ↑ Thorsten Melcher's East Frisia: Prussia's atypical province? Prussian integration policy in the 18th century . Diss., University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg 2002, vol. 1, p. 180.
- ↑ Hans Döbber: Papenburg - from the history of the city , 1981, pp. 33-36
- ↑ Hans Döbber: Papenburg - from the history of the city , 1981, pp. 36–37
- ↑ Hans Döbber: Papenburg - from the history of the city , 1981, pp 38-39
- ↑ Hans Döbber: Papenburg - from the history of the city , 1981, pp. 41–43
- ↑ Hans Döbber: Papenburg - from the history of the city , 1981, pp. 43–44
- ↑ Hans Döbber: Papenburg - from the history of the city , 1981, pp 45-47
- ↑ Hans Döbber: Papenburg - from the history of the city , 1981, p 44
- ↑ Hans Döbber: Papenburg - from the history of the city , 1981, pp. 53-55
- ↑ Hans Döbber: Papenburg - from the history of the city , 1981, pp 59-61
- ↑ Hans Döbber: Papenburg - from the history of the city , 1981, pp. 61–64
- ^ Wiener Congreß-Acte, signed on June 8th, 1815 , Article 27, paragraph 4.
- ↑ Hans Döbber: Papenburg - from the history of the city , 1981, pp. 105-106
- ↑ The way to the dictatorship. The enforcement of National Socialist rule in EmslanD. Ludwig Windthorst Foundation, accessed on April 18, 2019 .
- ^ Klaus-Dieter Alicke: Papenburg-Aschendorf / Emsland (Lower Saxony). In: History of Jewish Communities. Retrieved April 18, 2019 .
- ^ : In Emsland, NSDAP district leaders proceeded brutally. Retrieved April 18, 2019 .
- ↑ Camp 5 Neusustrum ( Memento from October 5, 2007 in the Internet Archive ), DIZ Emslandlager, accessed on December 9, 2011
- ^ Karl Forster: Haren - Lwów - Maczków - Haren. A Polish city in Germany ( online ; Karl Forster is editor-in-chief of the magazine “Polen und Wir”, the German-Polish Society of the Federal Republic of Germany ).
- ↑ Margareta Bloom-Schinnerl: When Haren Maczków was called. A Polish zone of occupation in Emsland , Deutschlandfunk , May 3, 2016 (PDF file)
- ^ Daniela Kujawa: Chronicle of the Polish primary school in Papenburg-Splitting II, 1945-1946. In: Porta Polonica. Westphalian State Museum for Industrial Culture, accessed on May 1, 2019 (Polish).
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 252 f .
- ↑ Landesgartenschau Papenburg ( Memento from February 15, 2014 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on April 19, 2014
- ↑ A look behind the scenes of a mosque , accessed on April 20, 2014
- ↑ a b City Council Election 2016 , accessed on October 12, 2016
- ↑ Archived copy ( Memento from January 5, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Archived copy ( Memento from September 17, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Archived copy ( Memento from January 21, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
- ^ Lower Saxony Municipal Constitutional Law (NKomVG) in the version of December 17, 2010; Section 46 - Number of MPs , accessed on September 5, 2013
- ↑ Individual results of the direct elections on May 25, 2014 in Lower Saxony , accessed on November 8, 2014
- ^ Website of the city of Papenburg: The local council
- ^ City of Papenburg: The local councilors
- ↑ 2013 list of candidates
- ↑ Results of the 2017 Bundestag election in the constituency, broken down by cities and municipalities
- ^ Nordwest-Zeitung: Bundestag election: These members represent our region . In: NWZonline . ( nwzonline.de [accessed September 29, 2017]).
- ^ City of Papenburg: legal status. City of Papenburg, accessed on September 29, 2019 .
- ^ Papenburg - twin cities of the city of Papenburg ( page no longer available , search in web archives ), accessed on September 7, 2013
- ^ Website of the Von Velen facility
- ↑ Hermann-Josef Tangen: Sword Fighting and Minnegesang - At the weekend medieval market in Papenburg . noz.de . September 1, 2015
- ↑ The Papenburg power plant was sold in 2010 and is therefore not affected by the bankruptcy. Clarification by the trustee. N.prior energy GmbH, September 11, 2012, archived from the original on March 31, 2013 ; Retrieved January 5, 2013 .
- ↑ Land helps with new lock construction . In: Daily port report from 7 July 2014, p. 3
- ↑ Frank Binder: Emden: New record for car handling . In: Daily port report of February 16, 2016, p. 3
- ^ Peter Kleinort: Economic reconstruction weighs on ports . In: Daily port report of February 28, 2017, p. 3
- ↑ German seaports report stable handling development . In: Schiff & Hafen , issue 4/2018, pp. 32–36, here p. 34
- ↑ a b c feuerwehr-untenende.de: Fire Brigade Papenburg Below End , accessed on December 4, 2012
- ↑ feuerwehr-aschendorf.de: Aschendorf Fire Brigade , accessed on December 4, 2012
- ↑ feuerwehr-obenende.de: Feuerwehr Obenende , accessed on December 4, 2012
- ↑ Record year for the Papenburg fire brigades ( Memento from May 9, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
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