Longobard art
As Lombard art is a very individual way of early medieval art in Italy from the 7th and 8th centuries on the territory of the Dukes and the Kingdom of the Lombards called.
meaning
The goldsmith's art , which is preserved through grave goods , formed a focus . It handed down the Germanic animal style from the 7th century for a long time . New forms and motifs emerged in Lombardy art, such as the disc brooches decorated with cells and precious stones , zoomorphic braided ribbon ornaments supplemented with human figures ( Agilulf plate ) and Christian crosses. The main element of Lombard art, originating from Germanic ornamental geometry, was the braided ribbon ornament, which brought it to a true perfection.
In the 8th century, there were significant achievements in the relief art on stone, not least from the encounter with Byzantine - Ravennatic and provincial Roman art of late antiquity , a two-dimensional style and forms filling large areas are evidence of this, at the same time a love for ornamental elements lived on. When the Longobard Empire was finally defeated by the Franks in 776 , the importance of Lombard art declined.
Works
Famous Works of the Lombard art are for example the iron crown , which now in the cathedral treasury of Monza is that Lombard Goldblatt crosses in numerous museums of northern Italy, the sarcophagus in the Abbey of Sesto al Reghena , the Altarziborium the church of San Giorgio in Sant'Ambrogio di Valpolicella and the Ratchis Altarpiece (around 745) from the Church of San Martino in Cividale , which is now in the Museo Cristiano del Duomo there.
literature
- Felix Kayser : Cross and Rune. Lombard-Romanesque art in Italy. 2 volumes (Vol. 1: Werdezeit. Vol. 2: Reifezeit. ). Urachhaus, Stuttgart 1964–1965 (anthroposophical approach).
- Rudolf Kutzli: Longobard Art. The language of braided ribbons. Urachhaus, Stuttgart 1974, ISBN 3-87838-177-8 (anthroposophical approach).
- Wilfried Menghin : The Lombards. Archeology and history. Theiss, Stuttgart 1985, ISBN 3-8062-0364-4 .
