Latin-German and German-Latin hand lexicon

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The Latin-German and German-Latin hand lexicon was edited from 1792 to 1822 first by Immanuel Johann Gerhard Scheller and then by Georg Heinrich Lünemann . According to the classical philologist Dietfried Krömer - if one excludes the Oxford Latin Dictionary and the Thesaurus linguae Latinae (which is not bilingual anyway) - practically all Latin bilingual lexicons "(whether Latin-German, Latin-English, Latin-French or Latin- Italian) back to Immanuel Johann Gerhard Scheller (1735–1803) and his work as a lexicographer ”. The Latin-German Handlexicon in particular was "dominant for a long time [for] German grammar schools".

The Scheller era

Immanuel Johann Gerhard Scheller. Engraving after a painting around 1800

The first edition of the Handlexicon

The first edition of the Handlexicon was published by Caspar Fritsch in Leipzig in 1792 under the full title, which - using the genitive construction - made the author's name part of the book title: Imm. Joh. Gerh. Scheller's Latin-German and German-Latin hand dictionary primarily for schools . Scheller had previously written and published other Latin dictionaries.

The material basis: Scheller's detailed lexicon

Of the latter, the following should be mentioned in particular:

Imman. Joh. Gerhard Schellers

Extensive and as complete as possible Latin-German lexicon or dictionary for the purpose of explaining the ancients and practicing the Latin language

Its first - still one-volume - edition was published in 1783.

The digital copies of the "third [n], newly improved [n] and much increased [n] edition" (Fritsch: Leipzig, 1804) are listed and linked. The digital copies can be viewed online or downloaded as PDF files - either in full or in part:

First section A – C
(XXXX pages [preface to all three editions and “Directory of Latin writers”] + 2618 columns = 1349 pages; 584 MB):
http://www.mdz-nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver .pl? urn = urn: nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb10625204-4 ( Munich Digitization Center [MDZ] of the Bavarian State Library [BSB])
Second division D – K (column 2619 - 5454 = 1418 pages; 578 MB): MDZ of the BSB
Third section L – O (column 5455 - 7314 = 930 pages; 503 MB): MDZ of the BSB
Fourth section P-R (column 7315 - 9604 = 1145 pages; 491 MB): MDZ of the BSB
Fifth section S-Z (column 9605 - 12,562 = 1479 pages; 540 MB): MDZ of the BSB

There was also - as a German-Latin counterpart:

Imman. Joh. Gerhard Schellers

Extensive and as complete as possible German-Latin lexicon or dictionary
for practicing the Latin language in two volumes.
 Third, newly improved and greatly increased edition, Fritsch: Leipzig, 1805

First section A – L (XXXIV pages + 1888 columns = 978 pages; 392 MB): MDZ of the BSB
Second section M – Z (column 1889–3744 [of which the first three pages without printed column counting] = 928 pages; 497 MB) MDZ of the BSB

Back to the Handlexicon : Concept and further editions

For be Handlexikon claimed Scheller 1792 - in the first edition - in comparison with the two previously released first editions of his detailing Lexicon two things:

  • the "evidence" to shorten the exact sources (as these would not be needed for the school operation); As a rule, only the names of the authors should be mentioned, but not the book titles and chapter information. In addition, words should be left out that only occur in late Latin authors and are therefore also not needed for school operations.
  • On the other hand, should the "additions and improvements" detailing lexicon already that were incurred since its second edition and should be considered there in a later edition, advance into the Handlexicon be incorporated.

In 1796 a second edition of the hand dictionary appeared ; It is unclear whether a third edition appeared during Scheller's lifetime.

The Lünemann era

The manual lexicon was then continued by Georg Heinrich Lünemann after Scheller's death in 1803 (the third edition of the detailed [!] Lexica was published in 1804/05, still completely edited by Scheller himself, but only posthumously). This initially led to a Leipzig-Vienna double edition.

After this, five further editions appeared during Lünemann's lifetime (the last of which was in 1826) - as follows:

  • The second edition ( after the one mentioned in footnote 12 ) was the responsibility of Lünemann and appeared in 1812, unchanged from the first Lünemann edition. (This can be seen in any case from the preface [from November 1816] to the third edition, printed in the fifth edition of 1822. )
  • The third edition then appeared with the said preface (from November 1816) in the year after the preface in question was written.
  • The fourth edition appeared - according to the same source (5th edition from 1822) - with a (very short) foreword from September 1819.
  • The fifth edition in question from 1822 itself has a (also very short) foreword from October 1821.

The subsequent Lünemann edition - a total of sixth (the Vienna / Leipzig double edition [see again footnote 12 ] with the foreword from 1806 + five subsequent editions) - brought about a title change of the book:

  • Until then, like Scheller's own first edition from 1792, it continued to appear under the title Imm. Joh. Gerh. Scheller's Latin-German and German-Latin Handlexicon primarily for schools (only the spelling of “Handlexicon” was changed in 1822) - each with a reference to Lünemann's editing.
  • The sixth and seventh editions from 1826 and 1831 were instead titled Georg Heinr. Lünemann's Latin-German and German-Latin concise dictionary . Imm. Joh. Gerh. Scheller's layout reworked .

Lünemann justifies this change of title in the preface to the sixth edition with the fact that the dictionary is hardly similar to the Scheller dictionary after it has been edited several times.

Not only the (main) author's name was changed; also attacked the "Schools" from the title away and was out of the "Handlexi c on" or "Handlexi k on" now a "pocket dictionary". Since Lünemann also died before the 7th edition of 1831 was published, the further history of the work is presented under a separate lemma for the new work title.

Statistical

Scheller Lünemann
Little 2 1781 Version 1 1783 Ausf. 2 1788 HL 1 1792 HL 2 1796 Version 3 1804 HL Vienna no year HL Leipzig 1807 HL 5 Leipzig 1822 HWb 6 Leipzig 1826
each with a preface dated October 6, 1806
430 pages 1,770 pages 3,960 pages 1,627 pages 1,627 pages 6,321 pages 1,760 pages 1,758 pages 1,729 pages 1,747 pages

Abbreviations: Small 2 = Imman. Yo. Gerh. Scheller's little Latin dictionary ; Ausf. = Detailed and as complete as possible Latin-German lexicon ; HL = hand dictionary or hand dictionary ; HWb = concise dictionary . - The superscript numbers indicate the respective edition. - Note: Only the Latin-German parts are taken into account.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Dietfried Krömer: Self-evident? Bilingual dictionaries since the 16th century. In: Germania latina - Latinitas teutonica. Heinrich C. Kuhn, Eckhard Keßer, 2002, archived from the original on August 21, 2018 ; Retrieved on August 21, 2018 (main page for the “Germania latina - latinitas teutonica” congress, which - organized by the Seminar for the History of Spirituality and Philosophy of the Renaissance (Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich) - took place in Munich in September 2001).
  2. ^ Richard Hoche: Immanuel Johann Gerhard Scheller. In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie, Vol. 30. 1890, pp. 768-770 , accessed on August 21, 2018 (online version).
  3. ↑ Information about Kaspar Fritsch (1677–1745; publisher; temporary place of work: Leipzig) (GND data set). Retrieved August 21, 2018 .
  4. ↑ Information about Kaspar Fritsch widow and heirs (GND data set). Retrieved August 21, 2018 .
  5. ↑ See the first edition of the Handlexicon : See also the complete digital copies of the second edition:
  6. ↑ At that time still under the title:
    • Detailed and as complete as possible Latin-German and German-Latin lexicon or dictionary for the purpose of explaining the ancients and practice in the Latin language . Latin-German Theil, Fritsch: Leipzig, 1783 (XXXIV pages + 3472 columns = 1770 pages): http://data.onb.ac.at/ABO/%2BZ164549002 (digitized version of the Austrian National Library [ÖNB]).
    In the following year:
  7. ↑ Follow there - in the left margin column in the last line of the box with the bibliographical information - the link "[PDF download]" - z. As for the band A-C .
  8. ↑ On pp. XXXVIII (38) - XXXX (40).
  9. ↑ http://reader.digitale-sammlungen.de/de/fs1/object/display/bsb11281121_00009.html (MDZ of the BSB), image 9 of the digital copy or p. III of the print.
  10. ↑ https://www.base-search.net/Search/Results?q=dccoll:ftumichgbhathi&refid=dcrecde ( Bielefeld Academic Search Engine ; digital copies: MDZ der BSB [first or Latin-German part]; https: // books. google.de/books?id=Gd4qAAAAYAAJ&hl=de [second or German-Latin part]).
  11. ↑ "I still lack the bibliographical information for a third edition, which should have appeared around 1800 (that is, while Scheller was still alive)." [ Richard Wolf: Scheller, Immanuel Johann Gerhard (1735–1803). In: Latin Dictionaries - An Illustrated Bibliography. Archived from the original on August 21, 2018 ; accessed on August 21, 2018 . ]. At least not for the assumption that there could have been a third edition during Scheller's lifetime, the fact that the Viennese and Leipzig editions to be named immediately - each with a current foreword from Lünemann from October 6, 1806 - only the forewords to the first and second edition (pp. XVI [16] - XXVII [27] and XXVIII [28] and XXIX [29] in the Wiener and pp. XIV [14] - XXV [25] and XXVI [26] and XXVII [27] in the Leipzig edition) reprint. (Even if in principle it may be conceivable that there was a third edition, but this did not contain a foreword or a possible existing foreword of a possible third edition was not reprinted later during Scheller's lifetime for reasons of content, this at least cannot - i.e. without evidence - simply assumed.)
  12. ↑ "the third [edition appeared] after the author's death, but still completely produced by him, expanded to five volumes in 1804" [ Richard Hoche: Immanuel Johann Gerhard Scheller. In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie, Vol. 30. 1890, pp. 768-770 , accessed on August 21, 2018 (online version). ].
  13. ↑ It was about:
    and
    • the edition Fritsch: Leipzig, 1807 (also only with a preface from 1806, but none from 1807) (XXX pages + 1728 pages): MDZ of the BSB .
    It should be investigated whether the two editions differ - except in terms of the type area and the title page, which names the publishers and (in the Leipzig case) the year of publication.
  14. ↑ A change of publisher from Fritsch to Hahn (see footnote 19 ) or an absorption from Fritsch in Hahn took place with or before the edition of 1812: https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_AJ8KAAAAIAAJ (the type area seems unchanged from Fritsch to have been taken over). The fifth edition from 1822 brought a small change in the title: “Handlexicon” (with “-k-”) - instead of “Handlexicon” (with “-c-”) ( http://www.mdz-nbn-resolving.de /urn/resolver.pl?urn=urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb11105135-1 ) ( Image 3 of the digitized version ).
  15. ↑ http://reader.digitale-sammlungen.de/de/fs1/object/display/bsb10586700_00007.html ( picture 7 of the digital copy )
  16. ↑ http://data.onb.ac.at/ABO/%2BZ168331507 (image 9 of the digital copy; page V of the print).
  17. ↑ In any case, the first edition from 1779 does not seem to have survived either in libraries or in antiquarian bookshops, which are available on the Internet. Digital version (of the MDZ of the BSB) of the second edition: http://www.mdz-nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn=urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb10703917-3 (III – XVI [including the foreword to the first edition on pp. III – XV] + 314 [Latin-German part] + 100 unpaginated pages [register of German translations] = 430 pages [+ blank pages not counted]).
  18. ↑ First section [A – F] (XXXIIX pages + 2292 columns [of which the first page unpaginated] = 1184 pages): http://data.onb.ac.at/ABO/%2BZ180077006 (digitized version of the ÖNB). Second section [G – P] (column 2293–5348 = 1528 pages): http://data.onb.ac.at/ABO/%2BZ178443000 (digitized version of the ÖNB). Third section [Q-Z] (column 5349-7834 + 10 unpaginated columns = 1248 pages): http://data.onb.ac.at/ABO/%2BZ178443103 (digital copy of the ÖNB).
  19. ↑ The increased volume - if only due to the additional preface - was apparently accommodated (among other things) on exactly the same number of pages as before, that the pages in the second edition - at least in the keyword section - are a few lines more than in the first Have edition.
  20. ^ Hahn: Leipzig, 1822 (XVIII pages + 3422 columns [= 1729 pages] + one unpaginated page with publisher's advertisements - not counted in the table above): http://www.mdz-nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver .pl? urn = urn: nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb11105135-1 (digital version of the MDZ of the BSB).
  21. ^ Hahn: Leipzig, 1826:
    • First section A – L (is not marked as such !) (XII pages + column 1–1664 = 844 pages):
    http://data.onb.ac.at/ABO/%2BZ168331507 (digitized version of the ÖNB)
    • Second section M – Z: 1665–3470 = 903 pages (of which the first four columns in print without labeling / numbering + one - again not counted above - unpaginated page with publisher's advertisements): http://data.onb.ac.at/ ABO /% 2BZ16833160X (digital version of the ÖNB)
    = a total of 1747 pages.
  22. ↑ Apart from the fact that the type area of ​​both editions deviates slightly from one another, the difference in the number of pages results from the fact that the second page of Lünemann's foreword is on page VI in the Vienna edition, but already on page IV in the Leipzig edition - which in turn is due to the fact that the Vienna edition takes the blank page before Lünemann's foreword and the title page, albeit without pagination, into account in the Roman page count, while the Leipzig edition does not . As a result, both editions have 1728 pages with Arabic numerals, but the Vienna edition 32 pages with Roman numerals; the Leipzig edition but only 30 pages with Roman counting.