Laurentius Blumentrost the Younger
Laurentius Blumentrost , and (Robert) Lorenz Blumentrost, Russian Лаврентий Лаврентьевич Блюментрост , in Russian transcription Lavrenti Lawrentjewitsch Blumentrost, (born October 29 . Jul / 8. November 1692 greg. In Moscow , † March 27 jul. / 7th April 1755 greg. In Saint Petersburg ) was a Russian medic who became the personal physician of the Tsar.
He was the son of Laurentius Blumentrost the Elder , the personal physician of German descent to the Russian tsar, and studied with the tutor Justus Samuel Scharschmidt from 1706 at the University of Halle , then in Oxford and Leiden, where he studied with Herman Boerhaave and received his doctorate in 1714 . After his return he became the personal physician of Princess Natalja Alexejewna . He continued his studies abroad in Paris and Amsterdam (with Frederik Ruysch , from whom he bought anatomical specimens for the Kunstkammer on behalf of the Russian government). Back in Saint Petersburg he explored mineral healing springs on behalf of Tsar Peter I.
When the Scottish personal physician of the Tsar Robert Erskine died in 1718, Blumentrost became his successor. He also took over Erskine's assistant Johann Daniel Schumacher , who had studied in Strasbourg and under Erskine was responsible for the Tsar's library and art chamber.
In 1724, at the request of Peter I, he founded the Russian Academy of Sciences in Saint Petersburg (first meeting in 1725) and became its first president. With the support of Christian Wolff , whom he contacted, he brought important scientists to the academy, such as Nikolaus II Bernoulli , Daniel Bernoulli , Leonhard Euler (1727), Christian Goldbach , Georg Bernhard Bilfinger , Gerhard Friedrich Müller , Louis De l'Isle de la Croyère . He also remained President of the Academy under Tsarina Catherine I and under Peter II , whom he followed to Moscow in 1728, where the court was moved. He left the business of the academy to his secretary Johann Daniel Schumacher, which led to rifts in the academy. After the fall of Peter II, he lost his influence, even though he remained the Academy President until 1733 and returned to Saint Petersburg.
His brothers Johannes Deodatus (1676–1756) and Christian were also court physicians in Russia. Johann was also Peter I's personal physician (and his field doctor and archiater ), and had studied in Halle (doctorate) and Leiden. He fell out of favor under Tsarina Anna and died impoverished as the last of the flower rusts in Russia.
literature
- Wilhelm Michael von Richter History of Medicin in Russia , 3 volumes, Moscow 1817 (here volume 2)
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ He had studied in Paris, had been in Russia since 1704 and head of the Pharmacy Office from 1707 - the first medical institution in Russia, which had existed since the 16th century and only worked for the Tsar except in the event of war - and from 1713 the Tsar's personal physician
- ↑ James Cacraft The revolution of Peter the Great , 2003, p. 107 ff, on medical innovations in Russia under Peter I.
- ↑ Erwin Ackerknecht Boerhaave student as a medical politician , in Erna Lesky, Adam Wandruszka (ed.) Gerard van Swieten und seine Zeit , Böhlau 1973, p. 123
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Flower rust, Laurentius the Younger |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Flower rust, Lorenz |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Russian medic |
| DATE OF BIRTH | November 8, 1692 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Moscow |
| DATE OF DEATH | April 7, 1755 |
| Place of death | St. Petersburg |