Frederik Ruysch

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Frederik Ruysch.

Frederik Ruysch (born March 23, 1638 in The Hague , † February 22, 1731 in Amsterdam ) was a Dutch anatomist and botanist as well as obstetrician and forensic doctor. Its official botanical author's abbreviation is " Ruysch ".

Life

Illustration of a vanitas diorama by Frederik Ruysch

Frederik Ruysch was the son of a civil servant, trained as a pharmacist and opened a pharmacy in The Hague in 1661. He performed anatomical examinations on corpses procured for him from grave diggers and decided to become a doctor.

Ruysch then studied medicine at the University of Leiden with Johannes van Horne (1621–1670), Franciscus Sylvius and Florentius Schuyl (1619–1669). In 1664 he was promoted to Dr. med. PhD .

He then ran a doctor's practice in Haag , where he also treated numerous people suffering from the plague.

He was appointed praelector anatomiae by the Amsterdam surgeon guild , where he taught surgeons and carried out public anatomical cadaveric openings.

From 1672 to 1712 he also worked as a city obstetrician and from 1679 as a coroner in Amsterdam.

In 1685 he became professor of botany at the Athenaeum Illustre Amsterdam and the first director of the botanical garden, Hortus Medicus Amstelodamensis . He gave lectures to surgeons and pharmacists. Ruysch was able to procure the corpses required for his training in anatomy and surgery for the budding scientist Lorenz Heister .

In addition to many other topics, Ruysch also dealt with questions of corpse conservation and the production of anatomical specimens. He injected a mixture of sebum , white wax, and vermilion into the vascular system and then soaked his preparations in alcohol to which black pepper had been added. The body prepared by alcohol was protected from putrefaction until the alcohol had evaporated.

Honors

On August 1, 1705 he was elected a member ( matriculation no. 266 ) of the Leopoldina with the academic surname Philotimus . In 1715 he was elected a member ( Fellow ) of the Royal Society . In 1699 he became a corresponding member of the Académie des sciences and in 1727, as successor to Isaac Newton, an external member ( associé étranger ).

Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin named the genus Ruyschia from the Marcgraviaceae plant family in his honor .

Fonts

Illustration of a review of the Thesaurus anatomicus ( Nova Acta Eruditorum , 1739)

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Barbara I. Tshisuaka: Ruysch, Frederik. 2005, p. 1276.
  2. ^ Georg Fischer : Surgery 100 years ago. FCW Vogel, Leipzig 1876, p. 158
  3. ↑ Magdalena Hawlik-van de Water: The beautiful death. Ceremonial structures of the Viennese court at death and burial between 1640 and 1740 , Freiburg / Wien 1989, pp. 203–211 (on "The methods of embalming from antiquity to modern times").
  4. ↑ Member entry of Frederick Ruysch (jun.) At the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina , accessed on June 23, 2016.
  5. ^ Entry on Ruysch, Friedrich (1638 - 1731) in the archive of the Royal Society , London
  6. ^ List of members since 1666: Letter R. Académie des sciences, accessed on February 23, 2020 (French).
  7. ↑ Umberto Quattrocchi: CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names: Common Names, Scientific Names, Eponyms, Synonyms, and Etymology . CRC Press Inc., 2000, p. 2356. ISBN 0-8493-2676-1
personal data
SURNAME Ruysch, Frederik
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Dutch anatomist and botanist
DATE OF BIRTH March 23, 1638
PLACE OF BIRTH The hague
DATE OF DEATH February 22, 1731
Place of death Amsterdam