bibliography
A bibliography is an independent compilation of references in alphabetical or systematic form and thus a special bibliography . It usually comes at the end of academic qualification work such as diploma , master’s , bachelor’s and master’s , state examination or doctoral theses as well as an article in a specialist journal and in non-fiction books as an aid for further studies or as part of the references.
When referring to sources , a distinction is sometimes made between quotations from books and magazines or other media.
Use
A bibliography is created
- as evidence of the literature read and used for the work; in addition, the copyrights of the authors are respected and secured
- to secondary sources to tap on an issue and to give the interested indications of further literature
- to make the introduction to a topic easier for new readers by only listing important literature on the topic, possibly including references.
- to create a catalog , e.g. B. a database or a card catalog from index cards
In the directory, the literature is usually listed in alphabetical order; typically sorted by the name of the author or editor , but a chronological order can also be useful. If the author or publisher is missing, the corresponding source is listed under "o. V. "( without the author ). Very long lists are often subdivided according to subject or according to the chapters of the scientific work covered; these subdirectories are again sorted alphabetically. In rare cases, the order in which the books, articles etc. are cited is sorted.
Large-scale bibliographies in academic papers are consequently often referred to as bibliography, as they are usually aimed at completeness, at least in the essential literature. A distinction should be made between sources (directory) and literature (directory). For example, in historical works are then sources recorded the ancient and medieval primary literature and other sources, and lists the scientific work, the secondary literature as literature. What is primary, source or secondary literature here, however, depends on the subject and is relative and also different depending on the subject.
Bibliography
Despite common principles, there is no universally applicable, uniform system for references and citation styles . The different styles differ not only according to the type of publication and subject area; even individual journals sometimes have their own specifications. For scientific works, the general rule is that their references must meet the following requirements :
- accuracy
- completeness
- uniformity
- Clarity
- honesty
See also
Individual evidence
- ^ Hans-Otto Schenk: The thesis. UTB 2657, Göttingen 2005, ISBN 3-8252-2657-3 , p. 92.