Lithobiidae

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Lithobiidae
Common stone runner (Lithobius forficatus)

Common stone runner ( Lithobius forficatus )

Systematics
Trunk : Arthropod (arthropoda)
Sub-stem : Trachea (Tracheata)
Superclass : Millipede (Myriapoda)
Class : Centipede (Chilopoda)
Order : Stone runner (lithobiomorpha)
Family : Lithobiidae
Scientific name
Lithobiidae
Newport , 1844

The Lithobiidae (like the order also called stone walkers ) are a family under the class of centipedes with 85 genera :

features

The species are mostly reddish brown, their bodies flattened. The back plates of the individual segments are alternately narrow and wide. There are 15 pairs of legs, the last two being the longest. The slim antennae are pointed.

Habitat and way of life

Lithobiidae are epedaphic centipedes that live on the ground . They inhabit moist habitats, for example under rocks and tree trunks, in caves or in garden compost. They are predators that feed on the soft parts of small insects, spiders and lobsters . They also occasionally ingest fungal spores and decaying plants.

distribution

The Lithobiidae are distributed on all continents with the exception of the Antarctic, but the majority of the species occurs in the Holarctic . It is unclear which species were introduced into the Nearctic from the Palearctic and vice versa. Many species are also found in the Orientalis , others from South Africa and Australia could be neozoa . Some species have been described several times because of their distribution on different continents.

External system

Besides the family of the Lithobiidae there is also the family of the Henicopidae within the order of the stone runner .

Internal system

Genera

As of April 29, 2016

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Lithobiidae in the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF), accessed on April 29, 2016
  2. ^ Lithobiidae in the Animal Diversity Web
  3. ↑ Lithobiidae at inaturalist.org.
  4. ↑ a b George C. McGavin et al. : RSPB Wildlife of Britain. Dorling Kindersle, 2008, ISBN 978-1405329323 , p. 302.
  5. ^ Gerhard Eisenbeis, Wilfried Wichard: Atlas on the Biology of Soil Arthropods. Springer, 1987, ISBN 978-3642726347 , p. 128.
  6. ↑ Pavel Stoev , Ana Komerički, Nesrine Akkari, Shanlin Liu, Xin Zhou, Alexander M. Weigand, Jeroen Hostens, Christopher I. Hunter, Scott C. Edmunds, David Porco, Marzio Zapparoli, Teodor Georgiev, Daniel Mietchen , David Roberts, Sarah Lazy weather , Vincent Smith, Lyubomir Penev: Eupolybothrus cavernicolus Komerički & Stoev sp. n. (Chilopoda: Lithobiomorpha: Lithobiidae): the first eukaryotic species description combining transcriptomic, DNA barcoding and micro-CT imaging data. Biodiversity Data Journal, 1, e1013, 2013 doi : 10.3897 / BDJ.1.e1013
  7. ^ Museums Victoria Sciences Staff (2010): Lithobiidae Lithobiid Centipede in Museums Victoria Collections. ( Online )
  8. ^ A b Edward H. Eason: On the Taxonomy and Geographical Distribution of the Lithobiomorpha. 8th International Congress of Myriapodology, Innsbruck, Austria, July 15-20, 1990, Berivhte des nat.-med. Innsbruck Association, Supplement 10, pp. 1-9, 1992
  9. ^ L. Bonato, GD Edgecombe & M. Zapparoli: Chilopoda - Taxonomic overview. In: Alessandro Minelli (Ed.): The Myriapoda. Volume 1. pp. 363-443. Series: Treatise on Zoology - Anatomy, Taxonomy, Biology. Brill Online, 2011 E - ISBN 9789004188266
  10. ^ RV Chamberlin: On ten new centipedes from Mexico and Venezuela . Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 55, pp. 17-24, 1942, pp. 20
  11. ↑ H.-Q. Ma, D.-X. Song, M.-S. Zhu: A new genus and two new species of Lithobiid Centipedes (Chilopoda: Lithobiomorpha) from China. Zootaxa, 1460, 25-34, 2007

Web links

Commons : Lithobiidae  - collection of images, videos and audio files