Common stone runner
Common stone runner | ||||||||||||
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Common stone runner ( Lithobius forficatus ) |
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Systematics | ||||||||||||
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Scientific name | ||||||||||||
Lithobius forficatus | ||||||||||||
( Linnaeus , 1758) |
The common stone runner ( Lithobius forficatus ) is a species from the order of the stone runner (Lithobiomorpha) that is widespread in Central Europe .
features
The animals have a body length of 20 to 32 millimeters, making them the largest species of their genus in Central Europe. The body is dark red-brown in color. The tergites 9, 11 and 13 are elongated to short, backward-directed lobes. The animals have 15 pinpoint eyes ( ocelli ) on both sides of the head .
Occurrence
The kind is distributed almost worldwide, with the exception of the Afrotropis and the Orientalis . The animals inhabit open areas and forests, but also gardens. They can be found, for example, under bark on dead wood or under stones.
Way of life
The nocturnal animals predatorily feed on insects, spiders and other arthropods. After touching the antennae, they grab their prey with their jaws under the head (maxilipedes) and use them to inject a fast-acting poison. The bite of large animals is painful for humans too. To mate, the male spins a loose web and lays a spermatophore on it, which the female grabs with her pincer-shaped gonopodium and takes it into her genital opening. The females lay their eggs one by one on the ground. The development comprises five stages with an incomplete and approximately another five stages with a complete number of segments. The adult animals also shed their skin several times. The common stone walker has a life expectancy of up to five or six years.
supporting documents
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Heiko Bellmann : Kosmos-Atlas arachnids of Europe. Extra: freshwater crabs, woodlice and millipedes . 3. Edition. Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 2006, ISBN 978-3-440-10746-1 .
- ^ Lithobius (Lithobius) forficatus. Fauna Europaea, accessed August 22, 2010 .
literature
- Heiko Bellmann : Cosmos Atlas Arachnids of Europe. Extra: freshwater crabs, woodlice and millipedes . 3. Edition. Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 2006, ISBN 978-3-440-10746-1 .