Lizzy Lind-af-Hageby

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Lizzy Lind-af-Hageby in the middle of a photograph at the “International Anti-Vivisection Congress” in December 1913.
(Other standing from left to right: Ms. Pinckney Farrell, Florence Pell Waring. Sitting: Caroline Earl White, Lizzy Lind-af-Hageby , Eva Parker Ingersoll)

Emilie Augusta Louise "Lizzy" Lind-af-Hageby (born September 20, 1878 in Stockholm ; † December 26, 1963 in London ) was a Swedish-British author, speaker and activist for animal welfare , especially criticism of animal experiments (so-called anti vivisectionism ) pacifism and women (election) rights . In 1903 and again in 1913 she was a protagonist of a particularly intense animal experiment controversy in Edwardian England, the Browndog Riots .

Life

Little is known about their family backgrounds. She comes from a wealthy upper class family from Stockholm. Her grandfather is reported to have served as treasurer of the Swedish krona and her father, Emil Lind af-Hageby, was probably a wealthy lawyer in Sweden. She was initially trained at Cheltenham Ladies' College and studied briefly in Paris around 1900 at the Pasteur Institute , where she first witnessed animal experiments. According to (Roscher 2010) she subsequently joined the antivivisectionist society Nordiska Samfundet till Bekämpanda af det Vetenskapliga Djurplågeriet , which she appointed honorary chairman in 1901. (Rappaport 2001) describes her politicization as made possible by a solid private income that her family granted her - initially in the militant suffragette society Women's Freedom League and only then in the animal and child protection organization Humanitarian League . In any case, she enrolled first in anatomy classes at the London School of Medicine for Women in 1902 and qualified for seminars at University College London , which was notorious as a center for animal experiments in England. Similar to Anna Kingsford , in addition to her scientific curiosity, she always had a political interest in the production of the public for the practice of vivisection. She published her experiences and observations together with her fellow Swedish student Liesa Schartau in the widely read diatribe The Shambles of Science: Extracts from the Diary of Two Students of Physiology . She and her editor were subsequently fined £ 2,000 in successful defamation proceedings by the investigating professor . (More details in Browndog Riots )

In 1906 she founded the Animal Defense and Anti-Vivisection Society (ADAVS) foundation with funds from Countess Nina Douglas-Hamilton . In the period up to around 1912 she organized a large number of marches, rallies, wrote pamphlets and, from 1909, published the specialist journal Anti-Vivisection Review , which took a partly constructive and partly fundamentally critical approach to the political issue of animal experiments. It also formed a transnational European network and in 1909 organized a congress of the International Medical Anti-Vivisection Association . In 1912, she was successfully prosecuted in another libel case, this time a controversial exhibition of documents from various animal experiments in a shop in Piccadilly being the stumbling block.

In her work against animal experiments, Hageby, in the tradition of Frances Power Cobbe and other women of her time, repeatedly emphasized the interplay between her own oppression as a woman and the oppression of animals in the laboratories. On the one hand, she understood feminist emancipation as the dissolution of a tension between men and women and, on the other hand, by analogy, the animal emancipatory movements, especially the vegetarian culture, as fundamentally in opposition to the tyranny of male scientists over non-human animals and a general political culture of machismo . According to (Buettinger 1997), the British movement differs in this interplay of feminist and antivivisectionist ideas from American groups, which derived a moral duty to protect animals much more from their notions of duties as good mothers and good Christians. Lind-af-Hageby did not see this Christian religiosity of her American colleagues in opposition to the otherwise more secular British movements, which Leneman traced back in 1997 to Lind-af-Hageby's theosophical belief, which she must have understood politically between 1935 and 1943 and in the presidency of the London Spiritualist Alliance (now the College of Psychic Studies ) expressed.

With the beginning of the First World War , Hageby initially discontinued her activities with many other animal rights activists, to the open joy and relief of various medical journals. Instead, she campaigned as a pacifist, for example in the Committee of Women for Permanent Peace , which was constituted in The Hague in 1915. In addition to a general pacifist attitude, she took a special interest in the suffering of horses and other animals on the battlefields. At the Conference on the Pacifist Philosophy of Life in July 1915, she therefore pushed for the establishment of a rescue service for animals in times of war. She subsequently founded animal clinics in England with funds from the ADAVS and in 1916 opened a sanatorium for French soldiers in Carqueiranne . Even after the war, she propagated her ideas of sustainable peace at various rallies and in pamphlets such as Be Peacemakers. An Appeal to Women of the Twentieth Century to Remove the Causes of War (1924). She also supported animal welfare criticism, such as the one made by the Our Dumb Friends' League of the killing of pregnant rabbits as part of hunting by young men at Eton College .

Most recently, it is known that from 1954 she received the Ferne House in Dorset from the Countess of Hamilton († 1951) in order to build a sanctuary there. Lind-af-Hageby died on December 26, 1963 at 7 St Edmunds Terrace, St John's Wood , leaving a fortune of ₤ 91,739. The funds of the ADAVS went to the Animal Defense Fund , which was also established in the context of the Browndog affair.

Fonts

Books
  • The Shambles of Science: Extracts from the Diary of Two Students of Physiology . Ernest Bell with Leisa Katherine Schartau, 1903.
  • (Ed.). The Anti-Vivisection Review. The Journal of Constructive Anti-Vivisection , St. Clements Press, 1909- ?.
  • (Ed.). The Animals' Cause , selection of contributions to the Anti-Vivisection and Animal Protection Congress , London, 6. – 10. July 1909.
  • August Strindberg : The Spirit of Revolt . Stanley Paul & Co., 1913.
  • Mountain meditations . George Allen & Unwin Ltd, 1917.
  • The Great Fox-Trot: A Satire . AK Press, 1938, with sketches by Madge Graham.
  • Foreword in Sylvia Barbanell: When your animal dies . Spiritualist Press, 1940.
Lectures and reports
  • Blue book lessons: a brief survey of the first three volumes of minutes of evidence given before the Royal commission on vivisection , pamphlet, 1908.
  • Address of Miss Lind-af-Hageby at the public meeting of the American Anti-Vivisection Society , American Anti-Vivisection Society, February 5, 1909.
  • The constructive side of the anti-vivisection movement , delivered to the International Anti-Vivisection and Animal Protection Congress, Washington, DC, December 9, 1913.
  • The new search for health: medical theories and the dangers of their enforcement , Animal Defense & Anti-Vivisection Society, Vorlesung in Konserthuset , Stockholm, on April 25, 1930, published in Progress Today .
Pamphlets
  • Fallacies & failures of serum therapy , Animal Defense and Anti-Vivisection Society, 1910.
  • The new morality: An inquiry into the ethics of anti-vivisection , Animal Defense and Anti-Vivisection Society, 1911.
  • Vivisection and medical students: the cause of growing distrust of the hospitals and the remedy , Animal Defense and Anti-Vivisection Society, 1912.
  • On immortality: a letter to a dog , 1922.
  • La Fonction de la femme dans l'évolution sociale , (with Ernest Lohy) Conflans-Saint-Honorine (Seine-et-Oise), 1922.
  • Be peacemakers: an appeal to women of the twentieth century to remove the causes of war , AK Press, 1924.
  • Cruel experiments on dogs and cats performed in British laboratories , Animal Defense and Anti-Vivisection Society, also in The Anti-Vivisection & Humanitarian Review , 1927.
  • Ecrasez l'infâme: An exposure of the mind, methods, pretences and failure of the modern inquisition , Animal Defense and Anti-Vivisection Society, 1929.
  • Tyranny of an ancient superstition: vaccination causes disease and death , Animal Defense and Anti-Vivisection Society, 1929.
  • Vivisection and medical students: a public scandal and a disgrace , Animal Defense and Anti-Vivisection Society, 1930.
  • Progress , Animal Defense and Anti-Vivisection Society, 1931.
  • The Pleasure of Killing , National Society for the Abolition of Cruel Sports, 1947.

literature

Footnotes

  1. ↑ a b c d (Rappaport 2001)
  2. ↑ a b c (Roscher 2010)
  3. ^ L Birke: Supporting the underdog: feminism, animal rights and citizenship in the work of Alice Morgan Wright and Edith Goode . In: Women's history review . 9, No. 4, 2000, ISSN  0961-2025 , pp. 693-719. doi : 10.1080 / 09612020000200261 .
  4. ↑ C. Buettinger: Women and Anti Vivisection in Late Nineteenth-century America . In: Journal of Social History . 1997, pp. 857-872.
  5. ↑ Leah Leneman, The awakened instinct: vegetarianism and the women's suffrage movement in Britain . In: Women's History Review . 6, No. 2, 1997, ISSN  0961-2025 , pp. 271-287. doi : 10.1080 / 09612029700200144 .
  6. ↑ Mercy Phillmore: Emilie Augusta Louise Lind-af-Hageby Obituary . In: Light . 84, No. 3, 1964, p. 456.
  7. ↑ (Elston 2004)
personal data
SURNAME Lind-af-Hageby, Lizzy
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Lind-af-Hageby, Emilie Augusta Louise
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Swedish-British author, public speaker, antivisectionist, pacifist, suffragette and suffrage activist
DATE OF BIRTH September 20, 1878
PLACE OF BIRTH Stockholm
DATE OF DEATH December 26, 1963
Place of death London