Lokrum
| Lokrum | ||
|---|---|---|
 |
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| Waters | the Adrian Sea | |
| Geographical location | 42 ° 37 '38 " N , 18 ° 7' 11" E | |
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| length | 1.6 km | |
| width | 540 m | |
| surface | 81 ha | |
| Highest elevation |
Fort Royal 93 m |
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| Residents | uninhabited | |
Lokrum ( Italian Lacroma ) is a small island in the Adriatic Sea , around 630 meters from the old town of the Croatian city of Dubrovnik .
General
The island is 1,600 meters long and a maximum of 540 meters wide, and has an area of 81 hectares . It reaches a height of 93.2 meters in the north. At this highest point is the Fort Royal fortification built by the French .
The island is a nature reserve with dense Mediterranean vegetation . Olives, agaves, cacti, magnolias and palm trees grow here. There are also laurel, oak, pine and black pine trees.
The name Lokrum probably comes from the Latin word acrumen (sour fruit), as orange trees used to thrive on the island.
history
The island was first settled by the Basilians in 915 . The Benedictine monastery was built in 1023 by the inhabitants of Dubrovnik and is one of the oldest Benedictine monasteries in Dubrovnik.
The monastery also had a church, a three-aisled basilica . This was built in the Romanesque style. It was later extended twice so that the tower is now in the church.
Legend has it that Richard the Lionheart found refuge on Lokrum Island in 1191, avoiding a shipwreck during a storm. He promised Dubrovnik to build a church on the island. However, he only kept this promise in part, because he instead contributed money and funds to the further construction of the cathedral in Dubrovnik .
In 1631, 200 Venetian soldiers began to fortify the island. But when Dubrovnik opened fire from St. John's Fortress, the soldiers withdrew.
In 1667 the monastery was badly damaged by the Dubrovnik earthquake.
The monastery was abandoned by the Benedictines in 1798 and bought by 12 rich Dubrovnik citizens. The fortification Fort Royal was built during the Napoleonic wars and in the 19th century the Austrians added the "Maximilian Tower". This was named after Archduke Maximilian von Habsburg , who later became Emperor of Mexico and bought the island of Lokrum in 1859. On his behalf, a castle was built on the destroyed part of the monastery. He also had a park with many exotic plants laid out around the entire monastery.
After Maximilian's death, the island changed hands several times. Among them was the Austrian Crown Prince Rudolf . In order to save the buildings from deterioration, Franz Joseph I transferred the island to the Dominican order .
tourism
Lokrum is a popular place for both locals and tourists. The island offers many swimming opportunities. One side of the island is rather flat and easily accessible by boat. The other side, however, is rather steep and difficult to reach. There is also a 10-meter-deep saltwater lake surrounded by high rocks, called the “Dead Sea”, in Croatian “mrtvo more”, which has a very high salt content. On the flat side there is a nudist beach with its own café. There are also two restaurants and several smaller cafes on Lokrum. One of the sights is the botanical garden , which was opened in 1959. Today you can find over 800 different types of plants, including many exotic trees and bushes. The Benedictine monastery and church attract numerous tourists. Lokrum became a tourist attraction especially when several episodes of the US television series Game of Thrones were filmed on the island. In July 2015, a small museum was opened in which you can sit on the “iron throne” from the series, among other things. The island can only be reached by boat. From April to October, ships run every half hour between the old port of Dubrovnik and the small port of Lokrum (Lučica Portoč). The island is used as a stage for various theater and concert performances. Plays such as “ A Midsummer Night's Dream ” by William Shakespeare (in 2007) are performed at the Dubrovnik Summer Festival . The so-called Lokrum Evenings (Lokrumske Veceri) with concerts by international musicians have been taking place since 2015.
literature
- Adriatic. Travel guide and atlas, Yugoslav Lexicographical Institute, 1965
- Duplančić Leder, T .; Ujević, T .; Čala, M. (2004): Duljine obalne crte i površine otoka na hrvatskom dijelu Jadranskog mora određene s topografskih karata mjerila 1: 25000, Geoadria, Vol. 9, No. 1, 5-32
- Radovinovic, Radovan: The Yugoslav Adriatic. Cultural and natural monuments, 1988
- Travirka, Antun: Dubrovnik. A city of culture and art, 2006
Web links
- http://www.lokrum.hr/
- Dubrovačke ljetne igre / Dubrovnik Summer Festival
- Glazbena poslastica u Dubrovniku - "Lokrumske večeri - glazba kraj mora"
Individual evidence
- ↑ Duplancic leather, T .; Ujević, T .; Čala, M. (2004): Duljine obalne crte i površine otoka na hrvatskom dijelu Jadranskog mora određene s topografskih karata mjerila 1:25 000, Geoadria, Vol. 9, No. 1, 5-32
- ↑ [1]
- ↑ Travirka, Antun Dubrovnik. A city of culture and art, 2006
- ↑ Adriatic. Travel guide and atlas, Yugoslav Lexicographical Institute, 1965
- ↑ Radovinovic, Radovan: The Yugoslav Adriatic. Cultural and natural monuments, 1988
- ^ Ludwig Hans Fischer : Ragusa and surroundings . Vienna, Prague 1897, p. 111
- ↑ http://www.lokrum.hr/
- ↑ Archived copy ( memento of the original from September 7, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ http://experience.dubrovnik.hr/sto_raditi_novost.php?id=6940#.VeyUXhHtlBc ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
