Louis-Florentin Calmeil

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Louis Florentin Calmeil

Louis-Florentin Calmeil (born August 9, 1798 in Yversay , † March 11, 1895 ) was a French physician , psychiatrist and medical historian . He worked in Charenton , where he was a student and successor of Esquirol as chief physician.

De la Folie

Rudolf Leubuscher translated and edited his work De la Folie ( Über den Wahn ), which is explicitly devoted to the history of psychiatry, in a heavily abridged edition, which appeared under the title Der Wahnsinn in the last four centuries (Halle: Schwetschke, 1848) .

It was written at a time when hallucinations and illusions were receiving great attention in France. Calmeil's book tells the story from the 15th to the 19th centuries and attempts to rationalize the phenomena, devoting hundreds of pages to the discussion of demonology , lycanthropy , religious obsession and similar abnormal conditions.

Calmeil contributed together with the French brain pathologist Antoine Bayle (1799-1858) to the nosological differentiation of progressive paralysis . This happened on the basis of the anatomical findings. Hypothetically, one saw insanity as an expression of a brain process. The physical symptoms of paralysis in the mentally ill brought specific attention to such brain processes. Insanity and paralysis in paralysis were viewed as a nosologically based disease unit based on the empirically confirmed anatomical findings .

Works

  • De la folie considérée sous le point de vue pathologique, philosophique, historique et judiciare, depuis la renaissance des sciences en Europe jusqu'au dix-neuvième siècle; Description of the grandes épidémies de delire simple ou compliqué, qui ont atteint les populations d'autrefois et régné dans les monastères. Exposé des condamnations auxquelles la folie méconnue a souvent donné lieu . Paris: J.-B. Baillière 1845 (2 volumes). Digitized I , II
Strongly abbreviated German under the title: The madness in the last four centuries , translated and edited by Rudolf Leubuscher. Halle: Schwetschke, 1848
  • Traité des maladies inflammatoires du Cerveau, etc .; T. 1.2 (1859) digitized version (the Fs.)
  • Traité d'anatomie et de physiologie du système nerveux , Par ... Calmeil; suivi de considerations generales sur les maladies des nerfs par ... Ollivier. Bruxelles: Soc. belge de librairie, 1840
  • De la paralysie considérée chez les aliénés: Research faites dans le service de feu M. Royer-Collard et de M. Esquirol . Paris, 1826 digitized

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ G. Krämer: "Introduction and commentary on the author and his work." Epileptology 2012; 29: 135-141; available at epi.ch ( memento of the original from September 10, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ( Swiss Epilepsy League ) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.epi.ch
  2. ↑ Karl Jaspers : General Psychopathology . Springer, Berlin 1973, ISBN 3-540-03340-8 ; P. 473 to district "disease unit"
personal data
SURNAME Calmeil, Louis-Florentin
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Calmeil, Louis Florentin; Calmeil Juste Louis
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French psychiatrist
DATE OF BIRTH August 9, 1798
PLACE OF BIRTH Yversay
DATE OF DEATH March 11, 1895