Louros (Epirus)
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Louros municipality Δημοτική Ενότητα Λούρος (Λούρου) |
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| Basic data | |||
| State : |
 Greece
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| Region : |
Epirus
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| Regional District : | Preveza | ||
| Municipality : | Preveza | ||
| Geographic coordinates : | 39 ° 9 ' N , 20 ° 42' E | ||
| Height above d. M .: | 117 m (average) |
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| Area : | 176.075 km² | ||
| Residents : | 4,581 (2011) | ||
| Population density : | 26 people / km² | ||
| Code No .: | 210103 | ||
| Structure: |
1 city district 9 local communities |
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| Located in the municipality of Preveza and in the Preveza regional unit | |||
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Louros ( Greek Λούρος ) is a place and a municipality of the municipality of Preveza in the regional district of Preveza (regional district) . In 2010 the originally independent place was incorporated . It is located in the fertile valley of Lamaris (Λάμαρης), exactly in the middle between Arta and Preveza, in the center of the Preveza regional district at a point where the mountains Valaora and Zalongo come very close together. The valley opens towards the mouth of the Louros River .
Surname
Possibly Louros was previously called " Pyrgos " and was further west, closer to the Louros River . The name "Louros" has been attested to the city since the 16th century, when the name of the Orourou River was changed. At least that is what the Metropolitan of Arta, Serafim Xenopoulos (Gr. Σεραφείμ Ξενόπουλος) reports. This is the most common version. However, there are two other derivations that are common locally. They go back to the long-established residents. S. Markopoulos (Σ. Μαρκόπουλος) a teacher, wrote in 1985: In the vicinity of our place, and especially on the banks of the river Louros, there is a lot of reed (λυγιά). Loures (Λούρες), as it is called by the locals, was used as a building material in rural areas. The residents cut it and used it to make fences, huts and pens, so they stayed near the river. Hence the name of the place, which refers to the houses made of reed beds (σπίτια από λούρες) and was adjusted to Louros. In the past, an emigrant from Louros, a professor, had also built a mill on the banks of the Louros, which was named Louros and could have given the place its name.
geography
To the southeast of the village is the Amvrakikos Wetlands National Park (Εθνικού Πάρκου Υγροτόπων Αμβρακικού, since 2008). The Ethniki Odos 21 (Filippiades-Preveza) runs parallel to the coast and connects the place with Nea Sampsounda (Νέα Σαμψούντα) in the southwest and Stefani (Στεφανή) in the east. Another connecting road leads north in the Louros Valley to Neo Sfinoto (Νέο Σφηνωτο).
Administrative division
| District local community |
Greek name | code | Area (km²) | 2001 residents | Residents 2011 | Villages and settlements |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Louros | Δημοτική Κοινότητα Λούρου | 21010301 | 35.172 | 2044 | 1938 | Louros |
| Ano Rachi | Τοπική Κοινότητα Άνω Ράχη | 21010302 | 16,396 | 260 | 127 | Ano Rachi |
| Vrysoula | Τοπική Κοινότητα Βρυσούλας | 21010303 | 13,494 | 263 | 172 | Vrysoula |
| Kotsanopoulo | Τοπική Κοινότητα Κοτσανοπούλου | 21010304 | 21,186 | 317 | 265 | Ano Kotsanopoulo, Kato Kotsanopoulo |
| Neo Sfinito | Τοπική Κοινότητα Νέου Σφηνωτού | 21010305 | 9.304 | 90 | 72 | Neo Sfinito |
| Revmatia | Τοπική Κοινότητα Ρευματιάς | 21010306 | 11,954 | 209 | 153 | Revmatia, Kato Revmatia |
| Skiadas | Τοπική Κοινότητα Σκιαδά | 21010307 | 11,329 | 171 | 110 | Aloni, Kondates, Skiadas |
| Stefani | Τοπική Κοινότητα Στεφάνης | 21010308 | 13,497 | 513 | 440 | Stefani |
| Trikastro | Τοπική Κοινότητα Τρίκαστρον | 21010309 | 14.630 | 22nd | 0 | Trikastro |
| Oropos | Τοπική Κοινότητα Ωρωπού | 21010310 | 29.113 | 1381 | 1304 | Neos Oropos |
| total | 210103 | 176.075 | 5270 | 4581 | ||
history
The first mention of the name Louros goes back to 1670. Evliya Çelebi (Εβλιγιά Τσελεμπή), a Turkish traveler, mentioned the place in his notes and says that the area for Çiftlik (τσιφλίκι) of Bey's heard of the owner - was (kahya κεχαγιάς). He also mentions mills and a fort (έρημο φρούριο). Until the 18th century there are only sparse records. Most of them are only mentioned in the land registers of foreign consuls. The village belonged together with 14 others to the sovereignty of the Muslim community of Ioannina (including Riniassa - Ρινιάσσας; Amvrakikos - Αμβρακικός). Furthermore, the captain Nikolos Nastos-Tziovaras (Νικολός Νάστος-Τζιοβάρας) is mentioned, a military leader of Louros and Lamaris, who was murdered in 1770 by Margaritiotes Tsamides (Μαργαριτιώτες Τσάμηiss. The Turks). There is also a popular folk song:
| Greek | German |
|---|---|
| Λάλησε κούκιε μ 'λάλησε στη ράχη στο Καυκάνι. Λαλάτε σ'ασπροπέλαγα, που πλέουν τα καράβια. |
In 1779 the monk priest and martyr Kosmas o Aitolos (Κοσμάς ο Αιτωλός) stayed in the area and preached in front of a large audience under an old plane tree , which has since been called "Father Cosma's plane tree" (πλάτανος του Πάτερ Κοσμά) with the financial support of the then Kahya Osman Aga (Οσμάν Αγά) that a school was founded because "he urged the Greeks to pay the taxes to the feudal lords, which had been made in accordance with the law." And that's why the high-ranking Turk granted his protection to the entire region. Rigas Fereos describes in his declaration on the Charter of Hellas Louros and Kastro in 1795 and describes them as important access areas to the Greek Union.
Ali Pasha
From 1797 Tepedelenli Ali Pascha Louros conquered despite fierce resistance and burned the place down together with the neighboring villages Kamarina and Kantza (Καμαρίνα, Καντζά). Then he forced the inhabitants of Lamaris and the people of Louros, who were considered to be particularly proud, to work under inhumane conditions, as an example for the people of the area. He only allowed the residents to build wooden huts with no water supply, because he was afraid that they would hide weapons in permanent houses and feared that the region would become a center of robbery, as it had been in earlier times . Many of the residents died under these circumstances. Ali Pascha kept bringing in new workers from other regions, especially from Epirus, to cultivate the rich lands. He sold most of the proceeds to French allies. Louros was a poor town and was called Pasaliki (πασαλίκι - Pascha's stool) together with Lamaris .
In the summer of 1800 Ali Pasha tried unsuccessfully to conquer Souli with 3,000 men from Louros . This illustrates the importance of the place. Charcoal was also produced in the area around the mill. The mill operated until the liberation in 1912. It is said that the Cretans, who formed a division of the Liberation Army, celebrated victory by destroying everything Turkish, including the mill. Next to the mill, Ali Pasha built large stone buildings that served as a warehouse and customs post to ship the products of the region (flour, wool, acorns, animals) from the port of Preveza to the markets of Europe or inland. He himself burned down the castle that Kourt Pasha (Κουρτ Πασάς) had built in Louros and built a new headquarters further north, Tzami (τζαμί - mosque), and a building for his subordinates and further south an inn (χάνι, Turkish: Han).
Uprising and liberation
On April 21, 1821, the fortress commander of Rinassis Christoforos Pirevos (Ρηνιάσσης, Χριστόφορος Πειραιβός) organized a gathering of the Soulioten in Loros to organize the siege of Preveza. Louros was burned down by the Turks on November 31, 1821 in retaliation. The inhabitants left the area and those who remained settled further north (on the north side of the river), in Saraï (σαράϊ), where Ali Pasha had already built. This is today's center of settlement.
In 1854 Louros was burned again by the Turks in retaliation for the participation of the inhabitants in the uprising of the Christians (επανάσταση των Χριστιανών) in Epiros. As a result, many residents left the area again. Since 1873 there have been efforts to resettle more people in the area and throughout Epiros. The 400-year Turkish rule ended with the liberation of Epiros by the Greek army. On October 16, 1912, at 8:00 a.m., Louros was liberated.
During the Turkish rule, Louros was the capital of one of the four Nachigies (ναχιγιέ, Louros & Lamaris ) of Preveza. The Nachigies comprised 15 locations: Louros , Palioporos (Παλιορόπορος - Altfurt), Douv'aina (Δούβγαινα), Sesovo (Σέσοβο), Maze (Μάζε (η)), Limpochovo (Λιpochovo (Λιμποβο), MartínατοiμποΜ (ιρζρα), Limpochovo (Λιμπόχοβ (ιΜρατατοi υzakaτατοi υzakaτα) Kamarina (Καμαρίνα), Kanali (Κανάλι), Flamboura (Φλάμπουρα), Michalitsi (Μιχαλίτσι), Mytikas (Μύτικας), Skafidaki (Σκαφιαανάσ), Reniassa (Ριεανάσσ). The local school was an Allilodidaktiki Scholi (Αλληλοδιδακτική σχολή).
Recent history
On June 13, 1926, a more spectacular bank robbery occurred on the branch of the National Bank of Greece , in which 15 million () were looted. The government ordered the army and militia to comb the entire area of Louros and Lamaris for two days. 7,000 residents were gathered in the school building for interrogation.
Since the 1950s, agriculture slowly developed as the swamps were drained. In 1969 an electricity company was built. In 2001, after four years, the land consolidation was completed. Today there is a day nursery, a 12-class school, grammar school and lyceum; a philharmonic. The place is the administrative center for Oropos, Stefani, Sfinotos, Kotsanopoulos, Vrisoula, Revmatia, Skiada, Ano Rachi and Trikastro (Ωρωπού, Στεφάνης, Σφηνωτού, ΚοτσανοΡτο,, Κοτσανοάάς, οτσανοΡας λου, Βάυσς). The population has grown steadily since 1951. The northernmost tip of the area, where the Acheron grazes the area of Louros, is called the Gate of Hades (Πύλες του Άδη).
Attractions
Even the natural landscape with its olive groves, orchards, parts of the old aqueduct of Nicopolis , the ruins of a tower from Hellenistic times and the unique alluvial forests with the church of Agios Nikanoraas (Εκκλησία Άγιος Νικανωρας) is a worthwhile excursion destination. The church of St. Barnabas from 1149 is also a special place. Beaches of the Ionian Sea are only 12 km away and to the north of the place there is also the nature reserve Katafigio Agrias Zois Avassou, Zaloggou, Fanariou (Καταφύγιο Άγριας Ζωής Αβάλλγαγαονρννρον, Ζυαίόγγ the church of Agios Nikolaos .
See also
literature
- Kostas Theodorou Zakas (Κώστας Θεοδ. Ζάκας): Walks through time. (Οδοιπορικό στο χρόνο) . History and anecdotes of Louros (Ιστορία και μνήμες από το Λούρο), Λούρος Πρεβέζης 2008. (Greek)
Web links
- Community website
- Parishes according to the Kapodistrias program (Greek)
- The National Park website (English)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Results of the 2011 census, Greek Statistical Office (ΕΛ.ΣΤΑΤ) ( Memento from June 27, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) (Excel document, 2.6 MB)
- ↑ «Στην περιοχή του χωριού μας, και κυρίως στις όχθες του Λούρου ποταμού, φοτρώνουν πολλές λυγιές. Λούρες, τις ονομάζουν οι ντόπιοι και αυτές αποτελούσαν προτελούσαν πρώτη ύλη για την κατασκευή αγ ποτικών αρεστων αρεοεναρενετων Οι κάτοικοι έκοβαν λούρες και έπλεκαν μ 'αυτές μαντριά, καλύβια και σπιότοκάλυβα, γιτα να μείνουν σπτωντωτοτνα να μενουν στωτντιτόα να μενουν στωτντοτω. Έτσι το όνομα του χωριού που είχε σπίτια από λούρες, ονομάστηκε Λούρος. (sic) Κάποτε, πρόγονος του μαιευτήρα Λούρου, αείμνηστου Ακαδημαϊκού, καθηγητή Ιατρικής, του Πανεπιστημίου Αθηνών, είχε εγκατασταθεί στις όχθες του ποταμού κι είχε κάνει αλευρόμυλο , όπου άλεθε τα γεννήματα της περιοχής. Ίσως, από το όνομα του μυλωνά που τον έλεγαν Λούρο, πήρε τ 'όνομα το ποτάμι. »
- ↑ «ούτος παρακινεί τους Έλληνας να φέρωνται νομοταγώς και να πληρώνουν τα δικαιώματα εις ουτάταω »ανς ουτάς ρωετα εις ουτάς ρωως »ανος ουτάτωε »αν ς.
- ↑ Κατά τον ιστορικόν Ζήσιον (Νέα Εφημερίς August 23, 1896), γράφει: "πως εμύησε τους αρματολούς ή έχων τα αρματολίκια τους στο Λούρο ή στο Ξηρόμερο στα επαναστατικά σχέδια της ρωσικής αυλής για εξέγερση των ορθοδόξων εναντίον της Υψηλή Πύλη (Πύλης)».
- ↑ after Serafim Xenopoulos