Luise Büchner

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Luise Büchner around 1870

Luise Büchner (born June 12, 1821 in Darmstadt ; † November 28, 1877 there ) was a German women's rights activist and writer .

Life

“The leaders of the women's movement in Germany”,
illustration from Die Gartenlaube , 1894, Luise Büchner bottom row on the left

Luise Büchner was the daughter of the surgeon Ernst Büchner and his wife Caroline, b. Reuss. Five of her siblings reached adulthood, including Georg Büchner , Wilhelm Büchner , Ludwig Büchner and Alexander Büchner . As a result of a childhood accident, she contracted a curvature of the back that was a problem for her life. Self-taught, she acquired extensive knowledge, especially in literature, mythology, history and foreign languages. After the death of her parents, she lived with her sister Mathilde (1815–1888), who was also unmarried, in their own household, in the same house as her brother, the doctor Ludwig Büchner.

In 1855 her most cited work was published anonymously, The Women and Her Profession , in which she campaigned for better education for girls. An expanded second edition appeared as early as 1856, in which her name was named as the author. Her later revisions reflect her experiences in the women's movement. She wrote novels, travelogues and poems, together with her brother Alexander she edited an extensive collection of poems. Her unfinished story Ein Dichter (only published posthumously) is an important testimony to Georg Büchner's school days in Darmstadt's parents' house.

From the end of 1866 Luise Büchner was one of the closest collaborators of Grand Duchess Alice of Hesse and the Rhine. From 1867 onwards, several women's associations in the Grand Duchy of Hesse-Darmstadt emerged. The Alice Women's Association for Nursing set itself the task of training young women to become nurses without religious affiliation. The aim of this association was to turn the previously only charitable care of the sick and wounded into a paid female profession. The Alice Hospital Darmstadt emerged from this. The Association for the Promotion of Female Industry (from 1872 Alice Association for Women's Education and Acquisition) ran the Alice School, a vocational school for girls (today Alice Eleonoren School) in addition to a sales point for homeworkers (Alice Bazaar). In addition, a kind of adult education center for women, the so-called Alice Lyceum, was set up under the direction of Luise Büchner.

In the 1870s, Luise Büchner represented the Alice women's associations at national conferences and reported regularly in the press about their work. The first general assembly of the women's education and employment associations took place in Darmstadt in October 1872 at the invitation of Princess Alice and Luise Büchner. On the occasion of a conference of the Prussian Ministry of Culture in 1873, Büchner was the first woman to be asked to submit a statement on questions of teaching and upbringing in girls' schooling.

Luise Büchner died in Darmstadt and was buried in the old cemetery there (grave site: I A 16). Today, alongside Luise Otto and Fanny Lewald, she is considered one of the pioneering women of the 19th century women 's movement .

Grave of Luise Büchner in the old cemetery in Darmstadt

The Luise Büchner Library in the Darmstadt Literaturhaus is named after her. This is also the contact point for those interested in the newly founded Luise Büchner-Gesellschaft e. V. In the tradition of critical journalism, the society awards the Luise Büchner Prize for Journalism. The award winners were Bascha Mika in 2012 , Julia Voss in 2013 and Lisa Ortgies in 2014 .

A memorial in Darmstadt's Döngesborngasse has been commemorating Luise Büchner since June 2017.

Works

  • Women and their Profession: A Book of Female Education . Written down in coherent essays by women. (Meidinger), Frankfurt 1855 (anonymous). Further editions with the author's name: 1856, 1860, 1872 (revised and expanded), 1884 (posthumously).
  • Voices of poets from home and abroad. Selected for women and virgins . (G. Grote'sche Buchhandlung), Hamm 1859.
  • From life. Stories from home and abroad . (Thomas), Leipzig 1861. ( digitized version ).
  • Woman heart . Poems. Berlin (Hirsch) 1862.
  • The Wimmis Castle . Novel. (Thomas), Leipzig 1864
  • Christmas fairy tale . (Flemming), Glogau 1868. Further editions: 1882, 1927
  • The path to higher vocational education for women. In: The woman. Essays, essays and reports left behind on the question of women. Hall 1878, Sn. 285-301.
  • Christmas fairy tales from Darmstadt and the Odenwald . Edited by Hans-Dietrich Megede. (to Megede), Darmstadt 1980.
  • Practical attempts to solve the women's question . 1870
  • A poet. Novella fragment. With Georg Büchner's Kato speech, notes and afterword, edited by Anton Büchner. (Justus-Liebig Verlag), Darmstadt 1965.
  • Educated Without Being Taught: Essays, Reports, and Letters , ed. by Margarethe Dierks. (Justus-von-Liebig-Verlag), Darmstadt 1991.
  • "Pen and word are given to you, as good as the man!": Studies and letters on Luise Büchner's life and work, edited by Elke Hausberg and Agnes Schmidt. (Justus-von-Liebig-Verlag), Darmstadt 2004.

literature

  • Cordelia Scharpf: Luise Büchner and the demand for “freedom, education and prosperity for everyone” and two essays from 1869 . In: Matthias Gröbel u. a .: “Human progress in human development”. Georg Büchner's siblings in their century. Darmstadt 2013, ISBN 978-3-88443-322-5 .
  • Cordelia Scharpf: Luise Büchner: an evolutionary women's rights activist of the 19th century . (Peter Lang), Oxford / Bern / Berlin [a. a.] 2013, ISBN 978-3-0343-0704-8
  • Cordelia Scharpf: Luise Büchner. A Nineteenth-Century Evolutionary Feminist. Oxford, Bern, Berlin [a. a.] 2008, ISBN 978-3-03910-325-6 (Women in German Literature, 9).
  • Heiner Boehncke, Peter Brunner, Hans Sarkowicz: The Büchners or the desire to change the world . (Societäts-Verlag), Frankfurt am Main 2008, ISBN 978-3-7973-1045-3 .
  • Wolfgang Rasch: Friendship service and commissioned work. Luise Büchner's Gutzkow essay in the light of her unprinted letters to Eduard Hallberger . In: Internationales Jahrbuch der Bettina-von-Arnim-Gesellschaft, volume. 17. Berlin, 2005. pp. 13-23.
  • Gerhard K. Friesen (Ed.): “We can't all have enough respect for you.” The correspondence between Karl Gutzkow and Luise Büchner 1859–1876. In: International Yearbook of the Bettina von Arnim Society , Volume 8/9. Berlin, 1997. pp. 75–138, printed in Feder und Wort… , pp. 33–106.

theatre

  • Peter Schanz: Luise & Mathilde. A chamber play about Georg Büchner's sisters (premiered in 2012 at the Staatstheater Darmstadt).

Web links

Wikisource: Luise Büchner  - Sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ see Hessisches Staatsarchiv Marburg (HStAMR), Best. 901 No. 287, p. 402 ( digitized version ).
  2. ↑ Darmstadt Luise Büchner Library
personal data
SURNAME Büchner, Luise
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German suffragette and writer
DATE OF BIRTH June 12, 1821
PLACE OF BIRTH Darmstadt
DATE OF DEATH November 28, 1877
Place of death Darmstadt