Mill houses Landgraben
The Mühlhäuser Landgraben is a ramparts registered as a cultural monument in the northwest of the district town and former free imperial city of Mühlhausen / Thuringia .
location
It is 26 km long and at a distance of 8 to 12 km from Mühlhausen from Mühlhäuser Hardt in the north to Güldenen Holz in northern Hainich in the west. In a quarter arc, it closed the gap between the Sondershausen-Schwarzburg Landwehr in the north and the Landwehr of the Thuringian Counts in the south. No protective structures were necessary for the friendly Wettin areas adjoining to the south and east. Passage and trade took place only at the waiting areas, the guarded gate towers, of which there were the following six: Eigenrieder Warte , Dörnaer Warte, Lengefelder Warte , Horsmarer Warte, Eigenröder Warte and Sollstedter Warte.
description
The Mühlhauser Landgraben was created around 1350 as a double and single ditch with a kink and served to fortify the border and protect the former royal estate around Mühlhausen from robber baron attacks from Lower Saxony , Hesse and the Eichsfeld . The passages were secured with barriers. The signals were transmitted between the Landgraben and the city of Mühlhausen via further waiting areas and church towers. The tower symbol found its way into the Lengefeld coat of arms, which was approved on September 20, 1994. The stylized tower stands there for the Lengefelder Warte. The plant was maintained until 1808. Until then, the 19 villages of the Königsguts district, for whose protection the Mühlhausen Landgraben had been built, had to pay the town of Mühlhausen a landwehr and tower fee for maintenance measures at the Knick and Graben as well as at the waiting areas. After that, the structurally rich high forest, which has been preserved to this day, grew up, which was not used during the GDR era and which has taken on a primeval forest-like character for long stretches. Even after 1992, only a few valuable trunks were removed. The 50 to 100 m wide forest strip consists mainly of old beech and common oak , but also of ash , sycamore maple , linden , field maple and other tree species. The service tree is also not uncommon. The Mühlhäuser Landgraben connects several larger forest areas with one another and therefore serves to network biotopes . Between 1667 and 1669, 143 boundary stones were set along the Mühlhausen Landgraben, many of which have been preserved to this day. They still show the way today with the Mühlhaue, the emblem of the Free Imperial City of Mühlhausen on the front and the Mainz wheel of the Kurmainzischen principality of Eichsfeld on the back.
Hike
The Mühlhäuser Landgraben can be hiked over its entire length via a footpath. Are u. a. Day hikes from the parking lot at the Eigenrieder Warte to the Lengefelder Warte and back or from the Lengefelder Warte to the Mühlhäuser Hardt and back. At the Lengefelder Warte there is also a restaurant with Thuringian dishes. Hikes at the end of April, when the spring flowers have unfolded to their full glory, and in mid-October, when autumn leaves cover the forest in bright colors.
literature
- Rolf Aulepp: The Mühlhäuser Landgraben, a culturally and historically valuable soil monument . In: Kulturbund der DDR, Kreiskabinett Worbis (Hrsg.): Eichsfelder Heimathefte . Issue 2. Heiligenstadt 1979, p. 110-122 .
- Dierk Röbke: The Mühlhäuser Landgraben. The little hiking book. 26 p., Mühlhausen 2002 (Thuringia).
- Hartmut Ulle: Protection from robber barons . In: Thüringer Allgemeine, S. TCMZ 1 of January 2, 2007.
- Rudolf Bemmann : The Mühlhäuser Landgraben. In: Mühlhäuser Geschichtsblätter 10 (1909/10), p. 14 ff
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Dierk Röbke: The Mühlhäuser Landgraben. The little hiking book. P. 1