MCR-1
| Probable phosphatidylethanolamine transferase Mcr-1 | ||
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| according to PDB 5K4P | ||
| other names |
Polymyxin resistance protein MCR-1 |
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| Mass / length primary structure | 541 amino acids , 60,124 Da | |
| Identifier | ||
| External IDs | ||
| Enzyme classification | ||
| EC, category | 2.7.-.- | |
MCR-1 is an enzyme that gives bacteria resistance to colistin and other polymyxins . Colistin is used as a reserve antibiotic against multi-resistant germs . MCR-1 catalyzes the transfer of phosphoethanolamine on lipid A .
The mechanism was first discovered in E. coli strains in pigs . The gene was later detected in human germ samples by independent researchers in Malaysia, England, China, Europe, Germany and the USA. In 2016, researchers were able to demonstrate the first plasmid-mediated polymyxin antibiotic resistance for MCR-1 , which enables horizontal gene transfer , i.e. the transfer of genes that mediate polymyxin resistance into other bacterial strains.
In April 2016, E. coli bacteria resistant to colistin were found in the urine of a 49-year-old in Pennsylvania . In addition to other resistance genes, the bacterial strain carried the MCR-1 gene, which makes these bacteria resistant to the last reserve antibiotic. In the following months, multi-resistant pathogens with this gene were found in other patients.
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Yi-Yun Liu, Yang Wang, Timothy R Walsh, Ling-Xian Yi, Rong Zhang, James Spencer, Yohei Doi, Guobao Tian, Baolei Dong, Xianhui Huang, Lin-Feng Yu, Danxia Gu, Hongwei Ren, Xiaojie Chen, Luchao Lv, Dandan He, Hongwei Zhou, Zisen Liang, Jian-Hua Liu, Jianzhong Shen: Emergence of plasmid-mediated colistin resistance mechanism MCR-1 in animals and human beings in China: a microbiological and molecular biological study . In: The Lancet Infectious Diseases . tape 16 , no. 2 , 2016, p. 161-168 , doi : 10.1016 / S1473-3099 (15) 00424-7 , PMID 26603172 .
- ↑ Sara Reardon: Spread of antibiotic-resistance gene does not spell bacterial apocalypse - yet . In: Nature . December 21, 2015. doi : 10.1038 / nature.2015.19037 .
- ↑ More MCR-1 findings lead to calls to ban ag use of colistin .
- ^ Maryn McKenna: Apocalypse Pig Redux: Last Resort Resistance in Europe . In: Phenomena . Retrieved January 17, 2017.
- ↑ Linda Falgenhauer, Said-Elias Waezsada, Yancheng Yao u. a .: Colistin resistance gene mcr-1 in extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing and carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacteria in Germany. In: The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Volume 16, No. 3, March 2016, pp. 282–283, doi: 10.1016 / S1473-3099 (16) 00009-8 ( full text online ).
- ↑ German Center for Infection Research (DZIF): When antibiotics fail: New gene for antibiotic resistance also proven in Germany . Press release from January 7, 2016 at: dzif.de/news ; last accessed on January 17, 2017.
- ^ The US Military HIV Research Program (MHRP): First discovery in the United States of colistin resistance in a human E. coli infection . Retrieved January 17, 2017.
- ↑ a b Antibiotic-resistant: This means the "super pathogen" discovery. In: Spiegel Online . May 27, 2016. Retrieved January 28, 2017 .
- ↑ Highly resistant MCR-1 'superbug' found in US for first time . Retrieved January 17, 2017.
- ↑ Tracking mcr -1. (No longer available online.) In: cdc.gov. CDC , archived from the original on January 17, 2017 ; accessed on January 28, 2017 (English). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
