Madeira bat
| Madeira bat | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Pipistrellus maderensis | ||||||||||||
| Dobson , 1878 |
The Madeira bat ( Pipistrellus maderensis ) is a European-North African bat species from the genus of the pipistrelle bat . It is considered a very close relative of the white-edged bat ; an actual separation of these two types has not yet been precisely determined. The Madeira bat is found on the island of Madeira in some Canary Islands and possibly in unsecured occurrences on the Azores islands .
The species differs from the pipistrelle bat in its somewhat smaller size, which is also true in comparison to the size of white-edged bats in continental areas. The fur is roughly the same color on the top and bottom and is described as chocolate brown to red and orange brown. The face area, ears and flight membranes are almost black in color and thus show a similarity to the pipistrelle. The locating sounds are also similar, the lower frequency end of which is 42–47 kHz.
The distinction between the Madeira bat and the white-rimed bat has not been finally clarified. There are differences in the population averages in size, coat color and in the course of the location calls. In fact, localized groups of Madeira bats and white-edged bats of the islands each differ more from continental white-edged bats than from one another. The species distinction is usually based on whether the various groups can produce offspring from one another.
nutrition
The Madeira bat feeds on two-winged bats (e.g. mosquitoes), moths and beetles , similar to the dwarf and white-rimed bat . The hunt is also similar to the other two species, either at a lower altitude in the open air or in small-scale areas, such as between bushes, the crowns of trees (also in the forest) or in residential areas, e.g. B. Near street lights.
Systematics
The Madeira bat belongs to the genus of pipistrelle bats ( Pipistrellus ), which includes around 35 species worldwide. Four other species live in Europe, the rough- skin bat ( Pipistrellus nathusii ), the pipistrelle bat ( Pipistrellus pipistrellus ), the white-rimed bat ( Pipistrellus kuhlii ) and the mosquito bat ( Pipistrellus pygmaeus ).
threat
The Madeira bat is a protected species . The species is widespread in Madeira and the Canary Islands.
In the Red List of the IUCN in 2008 as the type is endangered (high risk) out. The reasons for this are the small area of distribution and the decline in populations due to the destruction of their habitat and the use of pesticides .
literature
- Christian Dietz, Otto von Helversen, Dietmar Nill: Handbook of the bats of Europe and Northwest Africa. Biology, characteristics, endangerment , p. 306f. (1st edition), Verlag Kosmos, Stuttgart 2007 (new standard work, scientific research), ISBN 3-440-09693-9 , ISBN 978-3-440-09693-2
Web links
- Pipistrellus maderensis onthe IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . Retrieved March 10, 2008.