Mackerel species

Mackerel species
	Obsolete systematic group The taxon dealt with here is not part of the systematics presented in the German-language Wikipedia. More information can be found in the article text.
	Mackerel ( Scomber scombrus )
Systematics
	Spinefish (Acanthopterygii)
	Perch relatives (Percomorpha)
Order :	Perch-like (Perciformes)
	Polyphyletic taxon :
Subordination :	Mackerel species
Scientific name
	Scombroidei
	Bleeker , 1859

The traditional subordination of the mackerel-like (Scombroidei) was counted to the perch-like (Perciformes), but has since turned out to be not monophyletic .

All mackerel species are pelagic , are fast swimmers and, with their torpedo or spindle-shaped bodies, have the ideal fish shape. Your spine is very ossified because of the heavy use. The pectoral, belly and dorsal fins can be placed in shallow recesses. Scales are absent or just small.

In three lines, with the Thunnini , with the large scale mackerel and with the swordfish-like , a kind of endothermia has developed independently of one another , whereby the former increases the temperature of the whole body, while the endothermia only affects the brain and eyes in the others.

Systematics

Nelson (2006) gives six recent families with 46 genera and approx. 147 species. The swordfish is placed in its own family, which forms the sister group of the spearfish and is sometimes united with them in the rank of a subfamily.

Barracudas (Sphyraenidae)
Swordfish (Xiphiidae)
Spearfish (Istiophoridae)
Mackerel (Gempylidae)
Hair tails (Trichiuridae)
Mackerel and tuna (Scombridae)

According to molecular genetic relationship analyzes, however, the "Scombroidei" belong to two different lines of development that, although within the perch relatives, run relatively far apart. Accordingly Sphyraenidae, Xiphiidae and Istiophoridae include a clade , which Carangaria is called, the other three families of clade Scombriformes (or Pelagiaria).

literature

Joseph S. Nelson : Fishes of the World. John Wiley & Sons, 2006, ISBN 0-471-25031-7 .
Kurt Fiedler: Textbook of Special Zoology. Volume 2, Part 2: Fish. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena, 1991, ISBN 3-334-00339-6 .

Individual evidence

↑ Thomas M. Orrell, Bruce B. Collette, G. David Johnson: Molecular data support separate scombroid and xiphioid clades. Bulletin of Marine Science. Vol. 79, No. 3, 2006, pp. 505-519, link to the full text .
↑ Ricardo Betancur, Edward O. Wiley, Gloria Arratia, Arturo Acero, Nicolas Bailly, Masaki Miya, Guillaume Lecointre, Guillermo Ortí: Phylogenetic classification of bony fishes. BMC Evolutionary Biology. Vol. 17, 2017, item no. 162, doi: 10.1186 / s12862-017-0958-3 .

Web links

Commons : Mackerel-like (Scombroidei) - Collection of images, videos and audio files

The mackerel fish in the Integrated Taxonomic Information System (en.)

[Orrell-1] Thomas M. Orrell, Bruce B. Collette, G. David Johnson: Molecular data support separate scombroid and xiphioid clades. Bulletin of Marine Science. Vol. 79, No. 3, 2006, pp. 505-519, link to the full text .

[2] Ricardo Betancur, Edward O. Wiley, Gloria Arratia, Arturo Acero, Nicolas Bailly, Masaki Miya, Guillaume Lecointre, Guillermo Ortí: Phylogenetic classification of bony fishes. BMC Evolutionary Biology. Vol. 17, 2017, item no. 162, doi: 10.1186 / s12862-017-0958-3 .