Loyal to men

Loyal to men
Flat-leaf man litter ( Eryngium planum )
Systematics
Asterids Euasterids II Order : Umbelliferae (Apiales) Family : Umbelliferae (Apiaceae) Subfamily : Saniculoideae Genre : Loyal to men
Scientific name
Eryngium
L.

Man litter ( Eryngium ), also known as noble thistle , is the most species-rich genus of the umbelliferous plant family (Apiaceae) with around 230 species .

The generic name man litter is said to come from the use of field man litter ( Eryngium campestre ) as an aphrodisiac and love magic root.

Alpine man litter ( Eryngium alpinum )

description

Overall, these are mostly thistle-like plants with hard, thorny leaves. Although some of these are annual herbaceous plants , some species reach heights of growth of several meters, but most species only 50 to 100 cm.

Some species grow sparsely branched in an overall round shape, detach themselves from the ground as a whole when the fruit ripens and let the wind roll themselves over the ground as steppe runners . The seeds are then widely scattered.

It is a very diverse genus, which is why you can only specify a few general characteristics.

The stalks of the single flowers are quite short, so that the simple umbels are drawn together to form head-shaped or cylindrical inflorescences . These are surrounded at the base by a covering of mostly thorny, hard bracts . In many species these bracts have a bluish tinge. The flowers themselves are usually whitish or bluish. Some species, the flower color of which is brilliant amethyst blue, are cultivated as ornamental plants.

Occurrence

The genus occurs in all temperate and warm areas of the world. The greatest biodiversity is achieved in Mexico , southern Brazil and Argentina .

Long coriander ( Eryngium foetidum )

Eryngium glomeratum

Eryngium humile

Sea thistle ( Eryngium maritimum )

Eryngium paniculatum

Flat-leaf man litter ( Eryngium planum )

Eryngium spinalba

Atlas man litter ( Eryngium variifolium )

Eryngium yuccifolium

species

Here is a selection of the types:

• Eryngium alismifolium Greene : It occurs in Oregon, Idaho, Nevada and California.
• Alpen-Mannstreu ( Eryngium alpinum L. ): It occurs only in the Alps, in the Jura and in former Yugoslavia, whether in the Carpathian Mountains is questionable.
• Amethyst male litter ( Eryngium amethystinum L. ): The species occurs in Italy, Tunisia, Sicily, Slovenia, Croatia, Serbia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Montenegro, Albania, Bulgaria, Macedonia, Greece, Crete, in the Aegean Sea, Cyprus, in the Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, Israel and the Sinai Peninsula.
• Eryngium amorginum Rech. F. : It occurs in Greece and in Crete.
• Eryngium aquaticum L .: It is found in the eastern United States.
• Eryngium aquifolium Cav. : It occurs in Morocco and Spain.
• Eryngium argyreum Maire : It occurs in Morocco.
• Eryngium armatum (S. Watson) JM Coult. & Rose : It occurs in western California.
• Eryngium articulatum Hook. : It occurs in western North America.
• Eryngium atlanticum Batt. & Pit. : It occurs in Morocco.
• Eryngium billardierei F. Delaroche : It occurs in Turkey, Lebanon, Syria, Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan and Turkmenistan.
• Eryngium bithynicum Boiss. : It occurs in Turkey and Syria.
• Spanish noble thistle ( Eryngium bourgatii Gouan ): It is found in Morocco, Spain, Andorra, France, Turkey, Syria and Lebanon.
• Eryngium caeruleum M. Bieb. : It occurs in India, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Iran, Turkey, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, the Caucasus, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Turkmenistan.
• Eryngium caespitiferum Font Quer & Pau : It occurs in Morocco.
• Field man litter ( Eryngium campestre L. )
• Eryngium carlinae F. Delaroche : It occurs in Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costarica and Panama.
• Eryngium constancei M. Y. Sheikh : It only occurs in California.
• Eryngium corniculatum Lam. : It occurs in Morocco, Portugal, Spain and Sardinia.
• Eryngium creticum Lam. : It occurs in Slovenia, Macedonia, Albania, Montenegro, Bulgaria, Greece, Egypt, Cyprus, on the Sinai Peninsula, in Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, Iraq, Jordan and Israel.
• Eryngium crinitum C. Presl : It occurs in Sicily.
• Eryngium cuneifolium Small : It is found in Florida.
• Eryngium davisii Kit Tan & Yildiz : It occurs in Turkey.
• Eryngium desertorum Zohary : It occurs in Syria and Lebanon.
• Eryngium dichotomum Desf. : It occurs in Algeria, Tunisia, Sicily, Italy and Israel.
• Eryngium dilatatum Lam. : It occurs in Morocco, Spain and Portugal.
• Eryngium dorae C. Norman : It occurs in Argentina and Uruguay.
• Eryngium duriaei J. Gay ex Boiss. : It occurs in Portugal and northern Spain.
• Eryngium ebracteatum Lam. : It occurs in Argentina, Uruguay and Brazil.
• Eryngium eburneum Decne. : It occurs in Argentina, Uruguay and Brazil.
• Eryngium elegans Cham. & Schltdl. : It occurs in Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay, Bolivia and Brazil.
• Eryngium falcatum Delarbre : It occurs in Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, Jordan and Israel.
• Long coriander ( Eryngium foetidum L. )
• Eryngium galioides Lam. : It occurs in Portugal and Spain.
• Giant man litter ( Eryngium giganteum M. Bieb. ): It occurs in Turkey, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia and in the Caucasus.
• Eryngium glaciale Boiss. : It occurs in Morocco and Spain.
• Eryngium glomeratum Lam. : It occurs in Turkey, Crete, the Aegean Sea, Cyprus, Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, Israel and Iraq.
• Eryngium grosii Font Quer : It occurs in Spain.
• Eryngium heterophyllum Engelm. : It occurs in Mexico, New Mexico, western Texas and Arizona.
• Eryngium hookeri Walp. : It occurs in Louisiana and eastern Texas.
• Eryngium huteri Porta : It occurs in Spain.
• Eryngium ilex P.H. Davis : It occurs in Turkey.
• Eryngium ilicifolium Lam. : It occurs in Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia and Spain.
• Eryngium integrifolia Walter : It occurs in the central and eastern United States.
• Eryngium isauricum Contandr. & Quézel : It occurs in Turkey.
• Eryngium leavenworthii Torr. & A. Gray : It occurs in Kansas, Oklahoma, Arkansas, and Texas.
• Sea thistle ( Eryngium maritimum L. )
• Eryngium maroccanum Pit. : It occurs in Morocco.
• Eryngium nasturtiifolium Juss. ex F. Delaroche : It occurs in southern Texas, Mexico and Cuba.
• Eryngium nudicaule Lam. : It occurs in Bolivia, Peru, Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay and Uruguay.
• Eryngium palmatum Pančić & Vis. : It occurs in Serbia, Albania, Macedonia, Montenegro, Bulgaria and in Greece.
• Eryngium palmito Boiss. & Hero. : It occurs in Turkey.
• Eryngium pandanifolium Cham. & Schltdl. : It occurs in Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay and Uruguay.
• Eryngium paniculatum Cav. & Dombey ex F. Delaroche : It occurs in Argentina and Chile.
• Eryngium pectinatum C. Presl ex DC. : It occurs in Mexico.
• Eryngium petiolatum Hook. : It was described from western North America.
• Flat-leaf man litter ( Eryngium planum L. )
• Eryngium polycephalum H. Wolff : It occurs in Turkey.
• Eryngium pseudothorifolium Contandr. & Quézel : It occurs in Turkey.
• Eryngium pusillum L .: It occurs in Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Corsica, Sicily, Italy, Libya, Syria and Lebanon.
• Eryngium rostratum Cav. : It occurs in Australia and Chile.
• Eryngium sanguisorba Cham. & Schltdl. : It occurs in Brazil, Argentina and Uruguay.
• Eryngium serbicum Pančić : It occurs in Macedonia and Serbia.
• Eryngium siculum Lojac. : It occurs in Sicily.
• Eryngium spinalba Vill. , occurs only in the southwestern Alps in France and Italy.
• Eryngium tenue Lam. : It occurs in Morocco, Spain and Portugal.
• Eryngium ternatum Poir. , only occurs in Crete .
• Eryngium thorifolium Boiss. : It occurs in Turkey.
• Eryngium tricuspidatum L .: It occurs in Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Spain, Sicily, Sardinia and in Israel. There are several subspecies.
• Eryngium triquetrum Vahl : It occurs in Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Italy and Sicily.
• Eryngium trisectum Wörz & H. Duman : It occurs in Turkey.
• Atlas man litter ( Eryngium variifolium Coss. ): It occurs only in Morocco.
• Eryngium yuccifolium Michx. : It occurs in the central and eastern United States.
• Eryngium × zabelii Christ ex Bergmans = Eryngium alpinum × Eryngium bourgatii ; it just comes across as cultured.

photos

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  Amethyst man litter ( Eryngium amethystinum )

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  Spanish noble thistle ( Eryngium bourgatii )

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  Field man litter ( Eryngium campestre )

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  Giant man litter ( Eryngium giganteum )

literature

• Werner Rothmaler (welcomed), Eckehart Jäger , Klaus Werner: Excursion flora from Germany vascular plants: basic volume. 18th edition. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg / Berlin 2002, ISBN 3-8274-1359-1 , p. 343f.
• Arthur Oliver Chater: Eryngium L. In: TG Tutin, VH Heywood, NA Burges, DM Moore, DH Valentine, SM Walters, DA Webb (Eds.): Flora Europaea . Volume 2: Rosaceae to Umbelliferae . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1968, ISBN 0-521-06662-X , pp. 320–324 (English, limited preview in Google Book Search).
• She Menglan, Mark F. Watson: Eryngium . In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (Eds.): Flora of China . Volume 14: Apiaceae through Ericaceae . Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 2005, ISBN 1-930723-41-5 , pp. 14 (English). , PDF file, online.
• Eugene Nasir: Flora of West Pakistan. 20. Umbelliferae. Stewart Herbarium, Gordon College (et al.), Rawalpindi 1972, Eryngium online.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac} Eryngium in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved May 26, 2018.
2. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an} Ralf Hand (2011): Apiaceae. - In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Datasheet Eryngium
3. ↑ [1]

Web links

Commons : Mannstreu ( Eryngium )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Wiktionary: Mannly  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations