Umbelliferae

Umbelliferae
	Ground elder ( Aegopodium podagraria )
Systematics
Class :	Bedecktsamer (Magnoliopsida)
	Eudicotyledons
	Nuclear eudicotyledons
	Asterids
	Euasterids II
Order :	Umbelliferae
Scientific name
	Apiales
	Nakai

The umbelliferae (Apiales) are an order of the flowering plants (Magnoliopsida). The umbelliferae are widespread almost worldwide; the order includes seven families with nearly 500 genera and nearly 5500 species .

description

They are woody or herbaceous plants . The leaves are mostly divided. Stipules are mostly present.

The flowers are usually grouped in simple or compound dold-like inflorescences . The mostly inconspicuous flowers are five-fold. There is only one stamen circle . The stamens are not fused with the petals . There is often a nectar discus at the base of the flowers .

Flower formula : ${\ displaystyle \ star K_ {5-0} \; C_ {5} \; A_ {5} \; G _ {(5-1)}}$

ingredients

The trisaccharide umbelliferose is formed as a reserve substance. Very often sesquiterpenes and triterpenoid- like substances, polyacetylenes, are contained.

Systematics

The Apiales are within the Euasteriden II the sister group of the clade ( Paracryphiales + Dipsacales ). The following families are included in it:

Umbelliferae (Apiaceae)
Araliaceae (Araliaceae)
Griseliniaceae
Myodocarpaceae
Pennantiaceae
Sticky seed family (Pittosporaceae)
Torricelliaceae (including Aralidiaceae, Melanophyllaceae)

The relationships within the Apiales are as follows:

Pennantiaceae

Torricelliaceae

Griseliniaceae

Pittosporaceae

Araliaceae

	Myodocarpaceae

	Apiaceae

A typical chemosystematic characteristic of the closely related families of the Apiaceae, Araliaceae and Griseliniaceae is the occurrence of petroselinic acid as the main fatty acid, while it is completely absent in the Pittosporaceae.

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Commons : Umbelliferae - Collection of images, videos, and audio files

The order of Apiales in APWebsite (Engl.)
Overview of the order from the University of Hamburg. (German)

Individual evidence

↑ Angiosperm Phylogeny Group : An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III. In: Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. Volume 161, No. 2, 2009, pp. 105-121, doi: 10.1111 / j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x .
↑ The Apiales order on the AP website: [1] .
↑ Thomas Stuhlfauth, Heinrich Fock, Herbert Huber , Klaus Klug: The distribution of fatty acids including petroselinic and tariric acids in the fruit and seed oils of the Pittosporaceae, Araliaceae, Umbelliferae, Simarubaceae and Rutaceae. In: Biochemical Systematics and Ecology. Volume 13, No. 4, 1985, pp. 447-453, doi: 10.1016 / 0305-1978 (85) 90091-2 .
↑ Beate Breuer, Thomas Stuhlfauth, Heinrich Fock, Herbert Huber : Fatty Acids of some Cornaceae, Hydrangeaceae, Aquifoliaceae, Hamamelidaceae and Styracaceae. In: Phytochemistry . Volume 26, No. 5, 1987, pp. 1441-1445, doi: 10.1016 / S0031-9422 (00) 81830-0 .

[APGIII-1] Angiosperm Phylogeny Group : An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III. In: Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. Volume 161, No. 2, 2009, pp. 105-121, doi: 10.1111 / j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x .

[MOBOT-2] The Apiales order on the AP website: [1] .

[Stuhlfauth+al1985-3] Thomas Stuhlfauth, Heinrich Fock, Herbert Huber , Klaus Klug: The distribution of fatty acids including petroselinic and tariric acids in the fruit and seed oils of the Pittosporaceae, Araliaceae, Umbelliferae, Simarubaceae and Rutaceae. In: Biochemical Systematics and Ecology. Volume 13, No. 4, 1985, pp. 447-453, doi: 10.1016 / 0305-1978 (85) 90091-2 .

[Breuer+al1987-4] Beate Breuer, Thomas Stuhlfauth, Heinrich Fock, Herbert Huber : Fatty Acids of some Cornaceae, Hydrangeaceae, Aquifoliaceae, Hamamelidaceae and Styracaceae. In: Phytochemistry . Volume 26, No. 5, 1987, pp. 1441-1445, doi: 10.1016 / S0031-9422 (00) 81830-0 .