Margaret Junk

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Margarete Junk , née Fromm (born June 10, 1898 in Erfurt , † 1979 in Stuttgart ) was a German social worker.

Live and act

Dissertation by Margarete Junk, archived in the Ida-Seele archive
Publication by Margarete Junk from 1940, archived in the Ida-Seele archive

Margarete Ernestine Karola Henriette Fromm, daughter of the public prosecutor Justus Wilhelm Louis Julius Fromm and his wife Auguste Friederike Fromm, b. Reich, attended the Lyceum in Essen and Ratibor . In the latter city, she passed her school leaving examination in March 1918. She then graduated from the business school for women in Rothenburg ob der Tauber . This training facility was owned by the Bavarian Association for Economic Women's School in the Country , which was affiliated to the Reifensteiner Association in 1916 . The women's school was housed in Count Sayn-Wittgenstein's house in the Herrenmarkt. In the nearby Gut Zehlersgut, the students learned about livestock farming, horticulture, dairy farming, etc. like m. After a year-long agricultural training, Fromm moved to Göttingen University in the summer of 1919 to study law and political science. In the winter semester she moved to the University of Frankfurt / Main. After five semesters, Fromm dropped out of college to get married. The connection resulted in a son. Their marriage ended in divorce in 1931. From then on she lived as a single mother. Immediately after the divorce, Junk continued her studies in Munich. She finished this in 1933 with a doctorate . The topic of her dissertation , which was supervised by Aloys Fischer , is: The position of the school in the youth welfare system . In her 42-page scientific paper, Junk welcomes the new state development:

“Never before, it seems, has the task of education been more comprehensive than it is today. We are at the beginning of a new state development: the people's state should be built out of the people as a whole ”.

In her doctoral thesis, the doctoral candidate advocates “education for the people” under “deferring oneself” and advocates a “healthy upbringing”. One goal should be the "racial, vital physical training". It describes two ways for the development of a cooperation between school and youth welfare:

1.) The youth welfare service is expanded to such an extent that it takes over all of the upbringing and educational work. The school itself would have become an organ of youth welfare and would lose its independence. Or but:
2.) The school takes over the entire public educational care. All youth welfare institutions are organically connected to it (Junk 1934, p. 37).

In 1938 Junk succeeded Gertrud Hedwig Wölfflen as head of the women's school for people's care of the Swabian women's association in Stuttgart in the German women's organization . Only the school management and a secretary were employed full-time, in addition to 16 part-time teachers

In 1940 her book was published in the front line. About housekeeping, infant and nursing care to people care . The mentioned publication is designed as an advertising brochure and is aimed primarily at school graduates and their parents. The young girls are encouraged to choose the profession of “National Socialist People's Clerk”. She stated about the areas of responsibility of the people's nurse:

The Volkspflegerin stands in the middle of this lively community of blood, not cool and deliberate, but gripping, active, a source of strength for her life circle, open to all living things of our time. Your task is to serve the German people, in the first line of the genetically healthy large family. The tasks of genetic and racial maintenance, health management are in the foreground today ... Social work is service to the people in the highest sense. The people's nurse helps build the eternal kingdom. That makes women proud and happy in this profession and gives them strength: the awareness that they are at the fore for the leaders and the people (Junk 1940, p. 107).

Junks publication meant that the Stuttgart training center was able to enjoy a large number of visitors. While 33 schoolgirls visited the facility in 1938, there were 85 in 1944.

After the collapse of the Nazi tyranny , Junk was dismissed because she was a member of the Nazi women's group , the NSDAP and the Nazi law enforcement association. Lina Noack took over the acting management of the school. In 1947 Junk was reappointed headmistress. Until 1965 she headed the social women's school of the Swabian women's association in Stuttgart . Within the German Parity Welfare Association , she was responsible for the working group for training and young talent issues in the 1950s and 1960s.

Junk died in Stuttgart in 1979.

Honors

Works (selection)

  • The position of the school in the youth welfare system , Kallmünz 1934
  • M ädelberufe in vorderster front. On housekeeping, infant and nursing care for people's care , Stuttgart 1940
  • Training for a social profession. Development and status , in: Blätter der Wohlfahrtspflege 1950, pp. 120–124
  • The higher technical school for social work , in: Hölder, A. (Hrsg.): Festschrift for the 90th anniversary of the Swabian women's association. V. Stuttgart , Stuttgart 1963, pp. 47-49

literature

  • Sandro Bliemetsrieder et al. (Ed.): Educational justice and criticism of discrimination. Historical and current perspectives on society and universities, Weinheim / Basel 2016, pp. 22–40
  • Peter Reinicke : The training centers for social work in Germany 1899–1945 , Berlin 2012, p. 381
  • Renate Wolff: The training centers for social professions during the Nazi dictatorship (1933–1945) , Augsburg 2000
  • Higher technical school for social work (publisher): 50 years of higher technical school for social work in Stuttgart. Festschrift for the fiftieth anniversary of the Higher Technical School for Social Work - formerly the Social Women's School - of the Swabian Women's Association, Stuttgart 1967

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Wolff 2000, p. 24
  2. ↑ cf. ibid., p. 24 ff.
  3. ↑ Junk 1934, p. 9
  4. ↑ ibid., P. 10
  5. ↑ ibid., P. 10
  6. ↑ cf. Wolff 2000, p. 26
  7. ↑ cf. Wolff 2000, p. 28.
personal data
SURNAME Junk, Margarete
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Fromm, Margarete (maiden name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German social worker
DATE OF BIRTH June 10, 1898
PLACE OF BIRTH Erfurt
DATE OF DEATH 1979
Place of death Stuttgart