Margaret of Antioch (1244–1308)

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Margaret of Antioch (* 1244 , † January 30, 1308 in Nicosia ) was a member of the house of Antioch-Lusignan in the 13th century. She was the daughter of Isabella of Cyprus († 1262), from the house of Lusignan, and of Henry of Antioch († 1276). Her brother was King Hugo III. of Cyprus ( Hugo I of Jerusalem , † 1284), the founder of the Antioch-Lusignan line of the Cypriot ruling house.

In 1268, at the age of twenty-four, Margarete was married to Johann von Montfort , Lord of Tire . The wedding celebrations took place in Cyprus , after which the couple crossed over to Tire on three galleys. One of the four pages serving her (valé) was the young anonymous " Templar of Tire ", who later wrote an extensive chronicle of the last years of the crusader states of Outremer , which represents the third part of the so-called Gestes des Chiprois . Margarete was described by him as the most beautiful lady of her time, as kind-hearted, wise and generous. However, with increasing age, for no specific reason, she became as fat as her father once did.

Johann von Montfort died in 1283 without any children having emerged from their marriage. And after only a few months later his younger brother and heir, Humfried von Montfort , as well as King Hugo III./I. of Cyprus-Jerusalem had died, Margaret temporarily took over the reign of Tire. On July 18, 1285, she concluded a ten-year separate peace with the Mamluk Sultan Qalawun , which was to guarantee the continued possession of Tire for her family. She then handed Tire over to the rule of her nephew Henry II of Cyprus and returned to the island to retire as a nun in the Notre-Dame de Jérusalem monastery in Nicosia. There she died on January 30, 1308 and was buried there too.

The contract negotiated by Margarete with Qalawun was not kept; the Mamluks conquered Tire in 1291.

literature

  • Templars of Tire : Les Gestes des Chiprois. In: Recueil des historiens des croisades . Documents arméniens. Vol. 2, 1906, pp. 737-872 , Livre III.
  • René de Mas Latrie (ed.): Chroniques d'Amadi et de Strambaldi. Volume 1: Chronique d'Amadi. Imprimerie Nationale, Paris 1891.
  • Peter M. Holt: Early Mamluk Diplomacy (1260-1290). Treaties of Baybars and Qalāwūn with Christian rulers (= Islamic History and Civilization. Vol. 12). Brill, Leiden et al. 1995, ISBN 90-04-10246-9 .

Remarks

  1. ↑ Templars of Tire: Gestes des Chiprois. P. 773, III, § 370.
  2. ↑ Templars of Tire: Gestes des Chiprois. Pp. 773-774, III, § 371 ,.
  3. ↑ Templars of Tire: Gestes des Chiprois. P. 790, III, § 420.
  4. ↑ See Holt: Early Mamluk Diplomacy (1260-1290). 1995, pp. 106-117.
  5. ↑ Chronique d'Amadi. I, p. 271.
personal data
SURNAME Margaret of Antioch
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Mistress of Tire
DATE OF BIRTH 1244
DATE OF DEATH January 30, 1308
Place of death Nicosia