Marienhöhe (Berlin)

Marienhöhe
At the summit of the Marienhöhe: Monument for the trigonometric point Rauenberg
height	73  m
location	Berlin ( Germany )
Coordinates	52 ° 27 '7 "  N , 13 ° 21' 58"  E Coordinates: 52 ° 27 '7 "  N , 13 ° 21' 58"  E
Type	Mountain of rubble
particularities	formerly TP Rauenberg

The Marienhöhe is a 73 meter high artificial elevation in Berlin-Tempelhof in the middle of the street triangle Attila- , Arnulf- and Röblingstraße .

The hilly terrain, which in the past was usually referred to as "Rau (h) e Berge" or "Rauenberg" (before 1900 sometimes also "Signalberg", in the first half of the 20th century also "Krebsens Berge", after the local restaurateur Krebs) , in the 1930s also "film mountains"), belongs to a ground moraine from the last ice age . This hilly terrain had two peaks: 62 and 58 meters high. It should not be confused with the "Steglitzer Fichtenberge" in Südende , more than a kilometer away , sometimes also called "Rauhe Berge".

At the end of the 19th century, sand and gravel were mined here at the foot of the mountains; gravel pits up to 80 meters deep were created . Between the world wars, the site belonged temporarily to National-Film GmbH and, because of its light sand, was used as a location for monumental films in the desert environment, such as B. Carl Peters (1941, with Hans Albers ). According to contemporary witness reports, Terra Film also made a film about Winnetou there . After the end of the gravel mining, the pits were used as a garbage dump for a long time before 1945 .

After the Second World War , between 1948 and 1951, the rubbish dump in the former gravel pits was completely leveled with around 190,000 m³ of rubble from destroyed and demolished houses; in addition, the two hill tops were piled up. The result was a now conical mountain, a total of eleven meters higher. When it became apparent that not all of the existing rubble could be heaped up, it was moved six kilometers further south to Marienfelder Höhe (now Schlehenberg ) since 1950 .

After that, the mountain was greened as part of emergency work, and a toboggan run was also built . The former gravel pits can still be seen in the low-lying open-air stage . The mountain was given the official name Marienhöhe (this name can be traced back to a surrounding villa colony in 1890) and was integrated into a park. The plant was officially opened on June 13, 1954 in the presence of District Mayor Alfred Homeyer , District Councilor Burgemeister and Rudolf Wissell , it was planned by Tempelhof Horticultural Director Bernhard Kynast and paid for with funds from the GARIOA Fund.

In the park, next to the open-air stage, the toboggan run and a spacious playground, there is a large boulder erected at the summit at the request of the Berlin CDU in 1954, which is intended as a memorial to the victims of war and oppression. The inscription engraved in red capital letters reads:

"To those -
who did not return,
who lost their home,
who still live in bondage"

In the 1960s and 1970s, bonfires were traditionally lit here on the anniversary of the uprising of June 17, 1953 .

Just below the summit is the memorial for the Rauenberg trigonometric point, which was erected in exactly the same location as it was before, in 1985 .

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  The Marienhöhe in 1952

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  On the summit of the Marienhöhe:
  The memorial in memory of the victims of war and oppression.

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  Memorial stone,
  victims of war and oppression

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  Memorial plaque,
  trigonometric point Rauenberg

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  Memorial plaque,
  trigonometric point Rauenberg

Currently, the three entrances to the Rauenberg trigonometric point and the memorial to commemorate the victims of war and oppression have been closed since autumn 2017 due to being washed away by heavy rain for reasons of traffic safety, the Marienhöhe green area, which is protected as a garden monument, is only to be renovated for 2020 and 2021 intended.

Web links

Commons : Marienhöhe, Berlin  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Marienhöhe Entry in the Berlin monument database

Individual evidence

1. ↑ According to other eyewitness memories, it was the film Die Reiter von Deutsch-Ostafrika (1934), also a film with a colonial Africa theme, but without Hans Albers .
2. ↑ The Tempelhofer Pohleschein , No. 25 / 8th year of June 19, 1954
3. ↑ Refurbishment in 2020 at the earliest - Marienhöhe will remain closed for a long time. In: Berliner Woche , January 11, 2019