Mark 82

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Mark 82


The Mark 82

General Information
Designation: Mark 82
Type: General purpose conventional bomb
Country of origin: United States
Manufacturer: General Dynamics , Garland, Texas
Development: 1950s
Commissioning: First mission in the Korean War
Unit price: approx. 2000 USD (as of 2001)
Technical specifications
Combat weight: nominally 500 pounds (227 kg), but in real terms varying between 510 lbs. (232 kg) and 570 lbs. (259 kg) depending on the equipment
Length: 2.21 m (66.15 inch )
Diameter: 27.3 cm (10.75 in)
Furnishing
Warhead: 89 kg (192 lbs.) Tritonal , Minol II or H-6
Detonator: different types possible (mechanical M904 (nose) and M905 (rear) detonators or the radar-controlled FMU-113 proximity detonator)
Weapon platforms: all aircraft with 761 mm NATO standard external load stations and all USAF bombers ( B-1 , B-2 , B-52 )
List of bombs by country of origin
Free-fall bombs Mk 82 " Snake Eye " and Mk 81 (below). Two yellow rings stand for the explosive charge Amatol , one for TNT . This version has Mk-15 air brake surfaces to delay the fall of the bomb during low-level attacks.
Series drop of Mk 82 from a Northrop B-2 stealth bomber (46 bombs visible)

The Mark 82 (Mk 82) is a multi-purpose unguided free - fall bomb from the Mark 80 series. Weighing in at 227 kilograms or 500 pounds , it is the second smallest, but most commonly used “iron bomb” in the US and NATO forces. It is one of the most common air-thrown weapons.

history

Although the weight of the Mk 82 is given as 227 kilograms, this depends on the version and can therefore vary between 232 and 259 kg. In terms of construction, it is a cast steel jacket filled with 89 kg of the highly explosive Tritonal . The Mk 82 can be equipped with a variety of wing sets at the stern, detonators and delay sets for various purposes.

The Mk 82 is used as a warhead for the laser-guided GBU-12 bomb from the US Paveway series as well as for the GBU-38 JDAM and GBU-54 LJDAM , that is, the required wing sets and sensors are mounted on the steel jacket. The Mk 82 can be converted into a guided missile with a range of 120 kilometers with the help of an Umbani precision guided bomb kit. The Mk 82 is used by the French Air Forces with an AASM kit ( Armament Air-Sol Modulaire ) as a guided bomb with various search heads (GPS, IR , laser).

The Mk 82 is currently produced in 17 factories around the world. Exclusively General Dynamics in Garland , Texas , USA , manufactures them with a DoD certification for the manufacture of bombs for the American armed forces. The Mk 82 is currently being revised to meet the requirements of the American Congress for fire and shockproof ammunition.

variants

Mark 94

The Mk 94 version was a Mk 82 bomb which, in addition to explosives , was filled with chemical warfare agents . The Mk 94 weighed 200 kg and contained 49 kg of liquid sarin . With the entry into force of the Chemical Weapons Convention , the Mk 94 bombs were destroyed.

BLU-111 / B

Mk 82 loaded with PBXN-109 (vs. H-6); Combat weight 480 lbs. PBXN-109 is a less sensitive explosive filler. The BLU-111 / B is also the warhead of the A-1 version of the Joint Stand Off Weapon (JSOW).

BLU-111A / B

Used by the United States Navy to meet safety requirements for use on aircraft carriers. It corresponds to the BLU-111 / B , but has an additional thermal protective layer. In the event of a fire in a ship's magazine, this coating is intended to prevent independent ignition, also known as “ cook off ”.

BLU-126 / B

Developed in response to a request from the United States Navy for a bomb to reduce collateral damage during air strikes. The delivery was planned for March 2007 at the latest. It is also known as the Low Collateral Damage Bomb (LCDB). It is a BLU-111 with a smaller explosive charge. A non-explosive filling is added to balance the weight, which ensures that the bomb's ballistic trajectory remains the same.

Technical specifications

Primary function: Free-falling multi-purpose bomb with pressure and splinter effect.
Length: 2220 mm
Diameter: 273 mm
Range: varies depending on the height and type of drop
Unit price: 2000 USD
Airplanes: As a standard NATO bomb, the Mark 82 can be used by almost all western combat aircraft.

See also

Web links

Commons : Mark 82  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Air Force Munitions Acquisition Costs on About.com US Military, January 2001, accessed on September 22, 2013
  2. Munitions Acquisition Cost ( Memento of October 1, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) on FAS Military Analysis Network, May 1997, accessed on September 22, 2013
  3. ^ Department of the Army Technical Manual: Technical Manual TO 11-1-28 / TM 9-1325-200 Bombs & Bomb Components , Departments of the Army, the Navy and the Air Force, April 1966. pp. 2-60-2 -61
  4. a b BLU-111 / B on Federation of American Scientists
  5. ^ China Lake, Naval Warfare Center
  6. globalsecurity.org: Insensitive explosives (English)
  7. ^ Designation-systems.net
  8. Little Bang. Aviation Week & Space Technology, January 29, 2007, p. 38.