Mary Hesse

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Mary Brenda Hesse (born October 15, 1924 in Reigate , England ; † October 2, 2016 ) was a British theorist of science who emphasized the relevance of analogies and models . Her book Models and Analogies in Science (1963/66) on the question of analogical models in scientific practice is one of the most influential works of antinominalism in the 20th century.

Live and act

She studied at Imperial College in London , where she received her doctorate in 1948. She also received a Master of Science degree from University College London in 1949 .

She began her academic career as a mathematics lecturer at the University of Leeds , and from 1955 to 1959 she taught the theory and history of science at the University of London . From 1960 she was appointed to the University of Cambridge .

Hesse worked on the philosophical interpretation of logic and scientific methods as well as on the foundations of the natural and social sciences. She proposed an approach based on analogical models to the question of scientific practice. Hesse distinguishes these models according to formal and material as well as positive, negative and neutral analog properties. She was a member of the British Academy and in 1979 President of the Philosophy of Science Association . In 1989 she was elected a member of the Academia Europaea . She was an Honorary Doctor of Cambridge University (2002).

Publications

  • Forces and Fields: The Concept of Action at a Distance in the History of Physics , London, New York: T. Nelson, 1961, Dover 2005
  • Models and Matter , in: David Bohm, Nicholas Kemmer, Brian Pippard, Mary Hesse, NR Hanson, Maurice Pryce, Stephen Toulmin: Quanta and Reality, American Research Council 1962
  • Models and Analogies in Science , Sheed and Ward 1963, University of Notre Dame Press 1966
  • Theories and the Transitivity of Confirmation , Philosophy of Science, 37 (1970), 50-63. —In Defense of Objectivity, 1972 [Annual Philosophical Lecture. Henriette Hertz Trust. British Academy].
  • The Structure of Scientific Inference , 1974.
  • Bayesian Methods and the Initial Probabilities of Theories , Minnesota Studies in the Philosophy of Science; vol. VI: Induction, Probability, and Confirmation, 1975, ed. Grover Maxwell, Robert M. Anderson, Jr., págs. 50-105.
  • Theory and Value in the Social Sciences , in C. Hookway, P. Pettit, Action and Interpretation: Studies in the Philosophy of the Social Sciences, 1978, págs. 1-16.
  • Revolutions and Reconstructions in the Philosophy of Science , 1980.
  • Epistemology without Foundations , in AJ Holland, ed., Philosophy, its History and Historiography, 1985, págs. 49-68, 87-90.
  • with Michael Arbib : The Construction of Reality , Cambridge UP 1986 [Gilford Lectures at Edinburgh University].
  • The Cognitive Claims of Metaphor , Journal of Speculative Philosophy, 2 (1988), 1-16.
  • Theories, Family Resemblances and Analogy , in D. Helman, ed., Analogical Reasoning, 1988, 317-340.
  • Socializing Epistemology , in Ernan McMullin , ed., Construction and Constraint: The Shaping of Scientific Rationality, 1988, páginas 97-122.
  • Science beyond Realism and Relativism , in D. Raven, L. van V. Tijssen, J. de Wolf, eds., Cognitive Relativism and Social Science, 1992, 91-106.

literature

  • Nicholas Jardine: Mary Brenda Hesse. October 15, 1924 - October 2, 2016 . In: Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the British Academy . tape XVII , 2018, p. 19-28 ( thebritishacademy.ac.uk [PDF]).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ http://www.collodel.org/hesse/
  2. ^ Membership directory: Mary Hesse. Academia Europaea, accessed November 10, 2017 .
personal data
SURNAME Hesse, Mary
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Hesse, Mary B.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION British philosopher of science
DATE OF BIRTH October 15, 1924
PLACE OF BIRTH Reigate , England
DATE OF DEATH October 2nd, 2016