Mathilde Lammers

Mathilde Lammers (born August 16, 1837 in Lüneburg , † August 27, 1905 in Bremen ) was a pedagogue and women's rights activist .

biography

Family, education and work

Lammers was the daughter of the businessman Hermann Lammers. She had two siblings. She attended a secondary school for girls in Lüneburg and began teaching children in Düsseldorf at the age of 16, then was a teacher in a rural community for two years and then had to help with her parents' household in Lüneburg. In 1859 she taught in an institute in Paris .

In 1860 she moved to Bremen with her family. At that time, the profession of teacher was pretty much the only career opportunity for women, apart from housewives, servants or workers. Lammers supplemented her teacher training and passed the daughter school exam. Then she worked in Heinrich Graefe's daughters 'community school, which in 1878 became the Janson Higher Girls' School with Ida Janson as its director . Lammers was her closest colleague and head of the teachers' seminar. She herself lived alone, on the upper floor of her school since 1883. In 1895 she gave up the teaching profession.

The women's rights activist

In addition, Lammers wrote and campaigned moderately for better women's rights. In principle, she did not question the prevailing division of roles between the sexes and the natural occupation of women as housewives and mothers. She strove for a vocational training for women z. B. in the event that they would not marry. In 1877, she and her brother August Lammers founded the weekly Nordwest, a monthly for non-profit and entertainment . She edited the magazine and wrote many articles: advice for Sunday, criticism of fashions, advice on raising or living together for women, suggestions for training housemaids, reports on women's associations, demands for the protection of girls, considerations on studying women. From 1872 to 1894 she was on the board of the Women's Employment and Training Association . Like her brother, Lammers and Ottilie Hoffmann were active against alcohol abuse who organized an international congress of alcohol opponents in Bremen in 1903.

She was not a radical women's rights activist who demanded full equality. But she wanted z. For example, universities should be open to women who want to become teachers or doctors. As an important personality of the Bremen women's movement of the 19th century, she stayed within the set limits, but looked for activities for women according to their abilities.

Publications

• Vocational training for women in: women's lawyer, organ of the women's acquisition and training association , Bremen 1870.
• The woman - her position in the home and the world , Leipzig 1877.
• The living Christmas present . A story for children, Bremen 1878.
• New emergency u. Help booklet . Lahr 1889

Literature and Sources

• Biography of Bremen in the nineteenth century . Published by the Historical Society of the Künstlerverein, Bremen 1912, p. 278.
• Christine Holzner-Rabe in portraits of women in the Bremen Women's Museum
• Edith Laudowicz : Lammers, Mathilde . In: Women's history (s) , Bremer Frauenmuseum (ed.). Edition Falkenberg, Bremen 2016, ISBN 978-3-95494-095-0 .
• Bremer Nachrichten: February 18, 1950
• Weser Kurier: February 16, 1950
• Renate Möhrmann:  Lammers. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 13, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1982, ISBN 3-428-00194-X , p. 450 f. ( Digitized version ).

Web links