Metatrichia vesparium
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Metatrichia vesparium |
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| ( Batsch ) Nann.-Bremek. |
Metatrichia vesparium sometimes, wasp nest , called a slime mold from the family Trichiidae .
features
Macroscopic properties
The fruit bodies are club-shaped to cylindrical and are seated or stalked on the substrate. They can stand individually or in groups, whereby up to 50 or more individual fructifications can be combined on one stem. Also Pseudoaethalien can be formed. The surface is black, red-brown to dark red or shiny copper-red. The fruit bodies reach a total height of one to three millimeters and a diameter between 0.2 and 0.8 millimeters. In individual cases, they can grow over an area of several square meters.
The stem can be different. Sometimes it is only hinted at; sometimes it reaches a length of up to two millimeters. The diameter is between 0.1 and 0.3 millimeters; in groups it can be up to a millimeter thick. The stem has a flattened shape and a dark red color. The surface is wrinkled. The membranous base ( hypothallus ) is yellowish white in color, but tinted reddish brown near the stalk or the fruiting body.
The shell ( peridia ) consists of two layers. The inner one is transparent and appears pale honey-colored in the transmitted light. The thick, outer, opaque layer is dark red-brown in color. At the top of the fructifications there is usually a sharply delineated, slightly convex lid. The fruiting bodies open more rarely in an irregular manner. The remainder of the peridium is permanent and is reminiscent of leakage of capillitium to a hornet's nest . Later it tears open lengthways.
The scalp appears brick-red to rust-brown in mass. It consists of very elastic threads (elaters) that quickly become inseparably matted with one another after emerging from the fruiting bodies. The spores are brown-red to rust-colored. The plasmodium is yellow, dark red to black in color.
Microscopic properties
The elaters are prickly, rarely branched, and between four and seven micrometers thick. They have bent back and intertwined, short, pointed ends over a length of 10 to 15 micrometers. In front of it there is often a thickening up to ten micrometers wide. The Elateren have three to five spiral ridges that are moderately to tightly wound. On them are the spines, which are up to five micrometers long.
The spores are rounded to broadly elliptical in shape. Round specimens have a diameter between 9 and 13 micrometers; Broadly elliptical forms measure 8.5 to 9.5 by 11 to 12.5 micrometers. There are fine warts on the surface.
Similar species
Metatrichia floriformis is similar . However, the fruit bodies are mostly spherical and the capillitium is usually less reddish, but rather rust-brown to brown. Microscopically, the species differs in the lack of spines on the elater and longer pointed ends (up to 50 micrometers).
ecology
Metatrichia vesparium can be found on all types of wood, with hardwood being preferred. It rarely grows on the fruiting bodies of wood-dwelling fungi. The slime mold can be found all year round, but apparently more frequently between March and May and October and November. Socialization was observed with Hemitrichia calyculata , H. clavata , the blood milk fungus , Ceratiomyxa fruticulosa , Trichia favoginea , T. scabra , T. varia and some species of the genus Arcyria ; it can also be found together with the related Metatrichia floriformis .
distribution
Metatrichia vesparium is one of the most common slime molds and can be found in all locations. It is common worldwide.
literature
- Hermann Neubert , Wolfgang Nowotny , Karlheinz Baumann : The myxomycetes of Germany and the neighboring alpine region with special consideration of Austria . tape 1 . Karlheinz Baumann Verlag, Gomaringen 1993, ISBN 3-929822-00-8 .