Metrowagonmasch 81-740 / 741
| Metro wagon machine series 81-740 / 741 |
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 A class 81-740 / 741 train in the Mezhdunarodnaya station
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| Manufacturer: | Metro wagon machine Mytishchi |
| Year of construction (s): | 2002-2014 |
| Axis formula : | Bo'2'Bo ' |
| Gauge : | 1435 mm (Sofia) 1524 mm (Moscow, Kazan) |
| Length: | 27,290 mm 26,510 mm (81-741) |
| Height: | 3570 mm |
| Width: | 2700 mm |
| Trunnion Distance: | 10,500 mm |
| Bogie axle base: | 2150 mm |
| Empty mass: | 49.0 t |
| Top speed: | 90 km / h |
| Hourly output : | 640 kW |
| Acceleration: | 1.3 m / s² (starting acceleration) 1.1 m / s² (braking deceleration) |
| Wheel diameter: | 780 mm |
| Power system : | 825 V = |
| Power transmission: | Lateral power rail coated from below |
| Number of traction motors: | 4th |
| Coupling type: | Scharfenberg coupling |
| Seats: | 54/60 (81-740 / 741) |
| Standing room: | 292/312 |
The 81-740 / 741 series is a series of subway vehicles produced by the Russian engineering company Metrowagonmasch . In addition to the numerical series designation, the cars are also called Russitsch ( Russian Русич , an otherwise outdated term for a resident of the Rus or simply for a Russian). The trains, which are designed for subway lines that are relatively lightly used (especially the so-called “light metro”), are currently in use in the Moscow metro and in the Sofia metro in Bulgaria .
Development history
The Moscow Metro commissioned its main supplier, the Metro Wagon Machine Works in Mytishchi , near Moscow, with the development of a completely new type of car than the 81-717 / 714 series and previous series of cars that had been used in the Moscow subway 2001. A few years earlier, a network of several so-called “mini-metro lines” had been considered for the Russian capital, which in principle should represent a light rail . The new Moscow City business district in particular had to be given a high-speed connection, although the normal metro was initially considered too expensive for this. Later, however, the project of an independent light rail network was rejected for various reasons, and a different solution was found especially for Moscow City: A new branch was to be connected to the already existing Filjovskaya line , which trains should use alternately with the main line. Due to the relatively low utilization of this line, this solution appeared to be unproblematic and was later implemented - in the years 2005 to 2006. In addition, Moscow decided in the early 2000s to build a so-called “light metro” line to the Butowo satellite settlement in order to save costs compared to building a conventional subway there. Both the branch to Moscow City and the construction of the light metro required vehicles that should also be fully compatible with conventional Moscow metro lines. In addition, the new series should be optimized for winter outdoor use - a property that the 81-717 / 714 trains do not have, as they do not have any autonomous ventilation of the interior.
Since the opening of the new metro line to Butowo was scheduled for December 2003, Metrowagonmasch had around two years to develop the new type of car according to specifications. Since it seemed impossible to design a completely new vehicle within this period, development was started on the basis of the series 81-720 / 721 trains produced on a trial basis a few years earlier, which had been developed in Mytishchi since the early 1990s. On the whole, a number of improvements were made to the interior and exterior of the cars on this basis. For the first time in Russian underground history, the newly developed cars were double articulated cars . The joint is supported on a Jakobs bogie . The trains were fitted with three-phase asynchronous motors , the first series of which came from Alstom . It was not until 2005 that Metrowagonmasch started producing comparable engines, which have since been built into the cars of this series. The end bogies are motor bogies, the Jakobs bogies are running bogies. All cars are railcars, similar to the previous design, 81-740 the end cars with a driver's cab and 81-741 the middle cars without a driver's cab. The joints are provided with wide transitions with bellows, so that a double car has a continuous passenger area. At the end of the wagon without a driver's cab there are wicket doors that are typical of the subway, in particular as a means of evacuating wagons stopping in narrow spaces. As a rule, they are not intended for use by passengers.
Finally, in December 2003, the Butovskaya Line went into operation. It was served by trains made up of three articulated cars. But that was not the end of the development of the series: in the winter of 2004 technical breakdowns occurred on the line with the braking system of the trains, whereupon they were even completely withdrawn from service at times and replaced by trains from the 81-717 / 714 series had to be. Over the next few months, the causes of Alstom and Metrowagonmasch were jointly identified and eliminated. Since 2004, the Russitsch cars have been in full use again on the Butovskaya Line. Since the technology for outdoor use has largely proven itself since then, the Moscow Metro decided to order this series not only for the light metro, but also for some conventional lines that are comparatively weakly used. The Russitsch trains have been running on the Filjovskaya line since September 2005. At that time, it also received the branch to Moscow City. The 81-740 / 741 series has now completely replaced the old type E wagons. Russitsch trains have also been in use on the Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya line since the end of 2006 and have largely replaced the wagons that were previously used.
In 2005, the Sofia Metro also procured six trains of the 81-740 / 741 series, which have since been used there together with the 81-717 / 714 wagons that had been delivered a few years earlier. In 2009 three more Russitsch trains were delivered to Sofia.
In 2008, Metrowagonmasch developed a modification of the series on behalf of the Moscow Metro. The main difference to conventional trains is that each double car has six instead of four doors on each side. This enables a faster change of passengers and thus also allows the use on more intensive routes. For the first time in the history of Russian subway car construction, the trains also received air conditioning in the passenger compartment with this modification . After a test phase in 2008/2009, the first train of the new series was delivered to the Ringlinie depot in July 2009 . In 2010, several trains each followed for the Kolzewaya and Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya lines, and further acquisitions are planned for 2011. In the meantime only this modification of the Russitsch series is manufactured and delivered.
Web links
- http://vagon.metro.ru/habenger/81-740.html (Russian)
- Description page at Metrowagonmasch (Russian)
- 81-740 / 741 pdf flyer (Russian; 879 kB)