Millennium Tower (San Francisco)
| Millennium Tower | |
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| The Millennium Tower at 301 Mission Street / San Francisco | |
| Basic data | |
| Place: | California , USA |
| Construction time : | 2005-2009 |
| Opening: | April 23, 2009 |
| Status : | in use |
| Architectural style : | Modern |
| Architect : | Commerce Architects |
| Use / legal | |
| Usage : | Condominiums |
| Apartments : | 419 |
| Owner : | Mission Street Development, LLC |
| Technical specifications | |
| Height : | 196.60 m |
| Height to the top: | 196.60 m |
| Height to the roof: | 184.40 m |
| Top floor: | 180.75 m |
| Rank (height) : | - |
| Floors : | 58 |
| Elevators : | 14th |
| Usable area : | 111,500 m² |
| Floor area : | 1,300 m² |
| Building material : | Steel, concrete, glass |
| Building-costs: | $ 350 million |
The Millennium Tower in San Francisco ( USA ) is a 58-story high-rise residential building with luxury apartments and penthouse units. It opened for housing on April 23, 2009. The building is located at 301 Mission Street in the Financial District on land reclaimed from the sea . The location is bounded by Fremont Street, Beale Street and the Transbay Terminal at the north end. (Address: 301 Mission Street, San Francisco, CA 94105, United States). With a height of 196.60 meters, the Millennium Tower is the sixth tallest building in San Francisco and, after 181 Fremont, the second tallest residential building in the city (as of January 2020). In 2016 it became known that the building was sinking more sharply than expected and thus tilting slightly, see the section on structural damage.
construction
New York construction company Millennium Partners suggested building a new tower in downtown San Francisco. At 197 meters, it would have been the fourth tallest building in the city at the time, after the Transamerica Pyramid (260 m), the Bank of America Center (237.4 m) and the California Center (212 m). A first draft envisaged the construction of two towers, which would have connected a six-story podium. In 2003 this draft was discarded and replaced by the current construction plan. After the building permit had been granted, the demolition of the building still on the construction site (Walter N. Moore Dry Goods Warehouse) began in August 2005. The construction project was erected at a location delimited by three existing buildings with two to six floors. The site also contained a vacant lot that had previously been an office building that was demolished after being damaged by the Loma Prieta earthquake in 1989.
The design originally envisaged an underground car park on four levels under the residential tower, which was relocated under an auxiliary building during the planning phase, so that the foundations could be excavated separately and in two phases. The start of construction of the tower, the longest section of the project, could thus be brought forward, which shortened the entire construction time by eight months and saved six million US dollars.
The size and location of the residential tower required a massive foundation system with a 3.30 meter thick pile head plate and a one meter thick core wall. In addition, special cross struts were built in to stabilize the tower against vibrations and to support an existing building on the south side of the residential tower.
The 58-story residential tower was built as a concrete structure in a post-modern style. The facade is clad with reflective blue-colored glass, which is influenced by daylight and creates different light reflections. A 13 meter high, two-story glass atrium forms the connection to a separate twelve-story residential building, under which the underground car park is also located.
Damage from subsidence
In 2016 it became known that the building had already sunk by approx. 40 cm, while a total reduction of only approx. 10 cm had been assumed for the entire service life. In addition, the settlement does not take place evenly, but causes a slope to the northwest. According to the owners, the excavation of the Transbay Transit Center local transport station in the immediate vicinity is responsible for this. Its clients, in turn, are of the opinion that the bored pile foundations of the Millennium Tower were not deep enough to achieve sufficient stability on the sandy subsoil.
Building complex
The Millennium Tower complex cost 350 million US dollars and includes the 58-story residential tower with 366 residential units and a floor space of 1,300 square meters per floor. The two-story glass atrium with swimming pool connects the residential tower with the separate 12-story residential building with 53 residential units and the underground car park with 355 parking spaces. The complex has 14 lift systems for the different living areas. The entire complex has a floor space of around 111,500 square meters and was planned by Millennium Partners in New York City, designed by Handel Architects and developed by DeSimone Consulting Engineers.
The total of 419 residential units have been developed as luxury apartments. In the separate residential building, there are six apartments per floor, each with a floor space of 150 square meters, called "City Residences", from the fourth to the 11th floor. This name describes a certain luxury standard of the apartments, the next level of equipment is called “Residences” and another is called “Grand Residences”. In the Millennium Tower, there are nine, six or four apartments per floor, depending on the floor. From the third to the 25th floor are the apartments of the “Residences” equipment and from the 26th to the 58th floor those of the “Grand Residences”. The penthouse units are on the 59th and 60th floors. For superstitious reasons, the 13th and 44th floors of the building are missing.
A 516-square-foot penthouse unit sold for $ 10.2 million. The apartments are priced from $ 626,000 up to $ 2.6 million. The average price per luxury apartment in the Millennium Tower is $ 1.5 million.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ California Today: A Leaning Tower in San Francisco. In: The New York Times. September 14, 2016. (nytimes.com)
- ↑ a b J. K. Dineen: Millennium Pours on Condos. In: The San Francisco Business Times. June 15, 2007, accessed March 2, 2010.
- ↑ a b c Patrick Hoge: Planners approve 60-story Tower; 301 Mission St. would be SF's 4th-Tallest. In: The San Francisco Chronicle. August 1, 2003, accessed March 3, 2010.
- ↑ Rundown of San Francisco's Projects! Under Construction, Approved, and Proposed ... Skyscraper, accessed March 3, 2010.
- ↑ a b Millennium Tower San Francisco. ( Memento of the original from November 17, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. accessed on November 16, 2016.
- ^ John King: A chance to reach new heights Towers could energize SF skyline. In: The San Francisco Chronicle. December 21, 2003, accessed February 27, 2010.
- ↑ Phillip Matier, Andrew Ross: SF's landmark tower for rich and famous is sinking and tilting. In: The San Francisco Chronicle. August 1, 2016, accessed September 27, 2016.
- ↑ Skyscraper in San Francisco sags. In: Spiegel online. November 28, 2016.
- ↑ Millennium Tower (301 Mission Street), San Francisco, CA. ( August 6, 2009 memento on the Internet Archive ) Webcor, accessed March 1, 2010.
- ↑ Derrick D. Roorda, Nicolas J. Rodrigues: Design of the Tallest Reinforced Concrete Structure in California - A 58-Story Residential Tower in San Francisco . In: Structures Congress 2008: Crossing Borders. American Society of Civil Engineers, pp. 1-9. doi : 10.1061 / 41016 (314) 85
- ↑ Bungale S. Taranath: Reinforced concrete design of tall buildings . CRC Press, 2010, ISBN 978-1-4398-0480-3 , pp. 768 ( google.com ).
- ^ JK Dineen: Millennium Tower soars to new heights. In: San Francisco Business Times. March 28, 2010, accessed March 29, 2011 .
- ^ J. Dineen: The Sky's the Limit , The San Francisco Business Times, November 2, 2007, accessed March 4, 2010.
- ↑ James Temple: High-end home sales soar in the Bay Area. In: The San Francisco Chronicle. February 16, 2008, accessed March 5, 2010.
- ^ JK Dineen: Sales burst at SF's Millennium Tower. In: San Francisco Business Times. January 30, 2009, accessed March 7, 2010.
Coordinates: 37 ° 47 '25 " N , 122 ° 23' 46" W.