Moissei Alexandrovich Markov

Moissei Alexandrowitsch Markow ( Russian Моисей Александрович Марков , English transcription Moisey Alexandrovich Markov ; born May 13, 1908 in Rasskasowo ; † November 1, 1994 in Moscow ) was a Russian theoretical physicist.

Markow studied at the Lomonosov University with the degree in 1930 and was from 1934 at the Lebedew Institute . 1956 to 1962 he headed the laboratory for neutrino physics at JINR in Dubna. He was one of the founders of the Institute for Nuclear Research (INR) of the Russian Academy of Sciences . He was on its council and on the council of the JINR.

He dealt with elementary particle physics and nuclear physics, later also with philosophy and writing.

In 1940 he developed a non-local field theory in which fields and coordinates do not exchange with one another. In 1953 he developed a model of composite hadrons and used it to predict hadron resonances in 1955.

In the 1960s there were theories that elementary particles are made up of heavier particles, these in turn are made up of heavier particles, and so on, with lighter masses of the bound systems resulting from the relativistic mass defect of the strongly interacting base particles. Markov argued that in this case there would have to be particles of maximum mass due to the gravitational collapse, which he called "maximons". Conversely, he saw a connection between the micro-world and cosmology in the idea of "Friedmonen", universes that behave like elementary particles when, due to the gravitational interaction, a mass defect occurs so high that their total mass becomes very small.

As early as 1963, he suggested that the elastic scattering cross-section of lepton-nucleon scattering at high energies can be described as scattering at point centers, an anticipation of the Parton concept introduced by Richard Feynman in the late 1960s .

In 1960 he proposed the development of underwater neutrino telescopes (later realized in Lake Baikal in the Soviet Union) and, in the late 1950s, of underground neutrino observatories. In 1970 he initiated the construction of the first neutrino observatory in the Soviet Union near Baksan in the Caucasus.

He had been a corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences since 1953 and a full member since 1966, and from 1968 to 1988 he was secretary of its Department of Nuclear Physics. He was a hero of socialist labor and received three orders of Lenin .

From 1973 to 1987 he was chairman of the Russian Pugwash Committee.

The INR's Markow Prize is named after him.

Web links

Individual evidence

↑ For example, the idea of a “democracy” of all particles was propagated by the influential S-matrix theorist Geoffrey Chew , and Werner Heisenberg also distanced himself from the concept of fundamental elementary particles.
^ Dialectics in Modern Physics 1973 ( Memento of March 14, 2011 in the Internet Archive ). He refers, among other things, to Maximov What is or what does it mean? Maximonen , Physikalische Blätter, Volume 25, 1969, Issue 8, pp. 361-362.

personal data
SURNAME	Markow, Moissei Alexandrovich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Markov, Moisey; Марков, Моисей Александрович (Russian spelling)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	Russian physicist
DATE OF BIRTH	May 13, 1908
PLACE OF BIRTH	Rasskasovo
DATE OF DEATH	November 1, 1994
Place of death	Moscow

[1] For example, the idea of a “democracy” of all particles was propagated by the influential S-matrix theorist Geoffrey Chew , and Werner Heisenberg also distanced himself from the concept of fundamental elementary particles.

[2] Dialectics in Modern Physics 1973 ( Memento of March 14, 2011 in the Internet Archive ). He refers, among other things, to Maximov What is or what does it mean? Maximonen , Physikalische Blätter, Volume 25, 1969, Issue 8, pp. 361-362.