Monolith network

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A monolith network (from Монолит (Russian) = concrete) is a military communication network from Russia , which consists of several stations transmitting on shortwave

Broadcasting stations

The monolith network includes the following active transmitter stations:

Confirms active broadcasting stations in the monolith network
Nickname Frequency in kHz Currently most frequent receiving callsign Confirmed active since Common message formats Assumed location swell
The buzzer 4625 ANVF (АНВФ) 1976 monolith Naro-Fominsk
The Squeaky Wheel 5473 day

3828 night

Al'fa-45 (Альфа-45) 2000 Monolith, Dlya Rostov on Don
The Pip 5448 day

3756 night

8S1Shch (8С1Щ) 1998 Monolith, Dlya Rostov on Don
The Goose 4310 day

3243 night

Okhvat-98 (Охват-98) 2017 Vozdukh Smolensk
The alarm 4770 n / A 2019 No confirmed messages yet Smolensk
The Air Horn 3510 n / A 2017 No confirmed messages yet Smolensk
D markers 5292 Fazan-37 (Фазан-37) 2011; From 2015 with marker monolith St. Petersburg
T markers 4182 K66Z (К66З) 2015 monolith Naro-Fominsk
Katok-65 4224 day

3218.5 night

Katok-65 (Каток-65) 2011 monolith Russia
Baron-78 4940 day

3850 night

Tros-28 (Tros-28) 2015 Baklan Volgograd
Vega 5372 N'ZhJ (НЬЖЙ) 2019 Monolith, Uzor Russia
R markers 4325 Plovets-41 (Пловетс-41) unknown monolith Yekaterinburg

All transmitters use the transfer mode USB (Upper side band)

Message formats

In contrast to messages from number transmitters, messages are always spoken in real time. The Russian Phonetic Alphabet is used. Messages are repeated up to 4 times as required.

The following message formats are common in the monolith network:

monolith

A message in monolith format always consists of the following components:

  • Receiving callsign (s), repeated twice each time
  • ID group (s), usually five, rarely four digits
  • Message text, consisting of message blocks. Each block contains a code word and 8 digits

Example of a monolith message with a callsign, an ID group and a message block (most common type): 

ANVF ANVF 30 127 KORZhOPAZ 58 58 48 42

However, Monolith messages can also contain multiple callsigns, ID groups and / or message blocks: 

87OI 87OI A1JZh A1JZh 217O 217O DOTsU DOTsU MSZh7 MSZh7 02 189 44 871 71 132 13 155 27 420 VYMOKAN'Ye 18 97 35 87

87OI 87OI 25 184 GOLOVChATYJ 31 10 33 40 VYeKShA 31 10 33 40

Baklan

Baklan messages are only sent from the Baron-78 station. These messages consist of the following components:

  • Receiving callsign (2 ×) and sending callsign (1 ×), always repeated twice
  • Message type indicator ("Baklan")
  • ID groups and message text (identical to Monolith)
  • Local time of the sender

Example of a Baklan message from February 12, 2020: 

Tros-28 Tros-28, Ya Baron-78 Tros-28 Tros-28, Ya Baron-78. Baklan: 34 338 MYeROChKA 95 16 66 44 vremya 17:50
Трос-28 Трос-28, Я Барон-78 Трос-28 Трос-28, Я Барон-78. Баклан: 34 338 МЕРОЧКА 95 16 66 44 время 17:50

Vozdukh

Vozdukh messages use the same format as Monolith messages. The only difference is that the indicator "Vozdukh" (Воздух (Russian) = "air") is added before the message.

Most often, before a Vozdukh message, the test counts from 1 to 10 and / or plays a test tone

Example of a Vozdukh message from Goose on February 21, 2020: 

[1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10] Vozdukh: Okhvat-98 Okhvat-98 71 729 UKAZARA 10 83 97 67

Dlya

Dlya messages are test calls addressed to a group of callsigns.

The call signs in Dlya messages always consist of a word and a two-digit number, or a four-digit combination of letters and numbers

At the end of a Dlya message, "как слышно, как слышно?" (In German: how do you hear, how do you hear?) Asked.

Example of a Dlya message from Squeaky Wheel on March 13, 2020: 

для: Яхта-94 Заслонка-27 Фирна-85 Ступа-32 Джигит-46 Ружье-26 Невка-26 Курган-40, как слышно, как слышно? Приём
Dlya: Yahta-94 Zaslonka-27 Firna-85 Stupa-32 Dzhigit-46 Ruzh'e-26 Nevka-26 Kurgan-40, kak slyshno, kak slyshno? Priyom.

Example of a Dlya message from Pip on May 21, 2020: 

Dlya: ShchT3O TsIKhS Z7PM S7ZhG Z'1B TsI9V ZhSK4 KhZ5T 5FSShch 8MUO, kak slyshno, kak slyshno? Priyom.
Для: ЩТ3О ЦИХС З7ПМ С7ЖГ ЗЬ1Б ЦИ9В ЖСК4 ХЗ5Т 5ФСЩ 8МУО, как слышно, как слышно? Приём.

Uzor

Uzor messages consist of the following components:

  • Receiving callsign, always repeated twice
  • Message text, consisting of message blocks. Each message block contains a code word and 4 digits

Example of a Uzor message from the buzzer from January 26, 2015: 

MDZhB MDZhB TsYeNTIM 61 51

Komanda

Komanda messages are commands. A message of this type always consists of the words "ОБЬЯВЛЕНА КОМАНДА" (OB'YaVLYeNA KOMANDA) followed by a number.

Example of a Komanda transmission of the buzzer from January 25, 2013: 

MDZhB MDZhB OB'YaVLYeNA KOMANDA (ОБЬЯВЛЕНА КОМАНДА) 135

Broadcast schedule

Squeaky-Wheel Channel marker in the waterfall view of a KiwiSDR
Representation of the "Squeaky Wheel" marker using a spectrum analyzer .

Most stations in the Monolith network use a channel marker. This is usually generated by analog devices and ensures that the frequency is permanently marked as occupied.

In contrast to number transmitters, the military transmitters in the monolith network do not have a fixed transmission schedule. Accordingly, it is more difficult to specifically record messages from these stations.

Purpose and function

The exact purpose of the network has not yet been confirmed by the Russian armed forces. However, based on the locations, transmission techniques and message formats, one can assume that the monolith network is a military communication network that is used to exchange commands and instructions between certain military stations.

Collaboration between stations

According to the priyom.org project, different stations within the network work together. This phenomenon was noticed particularly strongly at the Pip and Squeaky Wheel stations, so the channel marker of the Pip transmitter can often be heard clearly in the background when The Squeaky Wheel is broadcast. So it can be assumed that Squeaky Wheel is listening to messages from Pip.

See also

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Priyom.org: The Buzzer. Retrieved May 24, 2020 .
  2. ↑ Numbers-Stations.com: The Buzzer. Retrieved May 24, 2020 .
  3. ↑ Numbers-Stations.com: The Squeaky Wheel. Retrieved May 24, 2020 .
  4. ^ A b Priyom.org: The Squeaky Wheel. Retrieved May 24, 2020 .
  5. ↑ Numbers-Stations.com: the pip. Retrieved May 24, 2020 .
  6. ^ Priyom.org: The Pip. Retrieved May 24, 2020 .
  7. ^ Priyom.org: The Goose. Retrieved May 24, 2020 .
  8. ^ Priyom.org: The Alarm. Retrieved May 24, 2020 .
  9. ^ Priyom.org: The Air Horn. Retrieved May 24, 2020 .
  10. ^ Priyom.org: D-marker. Retrieved May 24, 2020 .
  11. ^ Priyom.org: T-Markers. Retrieved May 24, 2020 .
  12. ^ Priyom.org: Katok-65. Retrieved May 24, 2020 .
  13. ↑ Numbers-Stations.com: Katok-65th Retrieved May 24, 2020 .
  14. ^ Priyom.org: Baron-78. Retrieved May 24, 2020 .
  15. ^ Priyom.org: Vega. Retrieved May 24, 2020 .
  16. ↑ Numbers-stations.com: Plovets-41. Retrieved May 10, 2020 .
  17. ↑ The SWL Channel: The Buzzer / UVB-76 (4625Khz) Feb. 21st 2020 07:45 AMUTC Voice message # 2. In: YouTube. February 21, 2020, accessed May 24, 2020 .
  18. ↑ The SWL Channel: UVB-76 / The Buzzer (4625Khz) 11th December 2019 Message # 10 9: 51UTC. In: YouTube. December 11, 2019, accessed May 24, 2020 .
  19. ↑ The SWL Channel: The Buzzer / UVB-76 (4625Khz) Feb. 6th 2020 12:16 PM UTC Voice message # 6. In: YouTube. February 6, 2020, accessed May 24, 2020 .
  20. ↑ Priyom.org: Baron-78 message dated February 12, 2020. February 12, 2020, accessed May 24, 2020 .
  21. ↑ ZapdoZ: [The Goose] Voice message Feb. 21, 2020 12:13 UTC. In: YouTube. February 21, 2020, accessed May 24, 2020 .
  22. ↑ Priyom.org: Squeaky Wheel Dlya message, March 13, 2020. March 13, 2020, accessed May 24, 2020 .
  23. ↑ ZapdoZ: [the pip] Dlya voice message; May 21, 2020, 4:51 pm. In: YouTube. May 21, 2020, accessed May 24, 2020 .
  24. ↑ UVB-76 Activity Channel: UVB-76 MDZhB [01/26/2015] [05:59] (CENTIM 61 51). In: YouTube. January 26, 2015, accessed May 24, 2020 .
  25. ↑ UVB-76 Activity Channel: UVB-76 MDZhB [01/25/2013] [02:58] (OB'YaVLENA KOMANDA 135). In: YouTube. January 25, 2013, accessed May 24, 2020 .
  26. ↑ ZapdoZ: Example of a Squeaky Wheel message with a pip marker in the background. In: YouTube. May 21, 2020, accessed May 24, 2020 .