Monsieur (salutation)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Monsieur [ məsjø ], abbreviated M. (with period), is a French form of address , meaning Lord . The plural is Messieurs , short MM. Or MM (with or without a point). The title Maître ( master ), short form M e or Me (each without a dot), is also common for artists, lawyers or other respected personalities. Examples: Maître d'hôtel , Maître de Cuisine , Maître fromager affineur , Maître de conférences .

Forms in the German-speaking area

Musje or Mosje are German short forms of Monsieur that were widespread in the 18th century .

Mesch'schur's address, known from the adventure novels of the German writer Karl May, goes back to the French form Messieurs . Their English borrowing messieurs and its acronym Messrs. Served as a substitute for the missing plural forms to Mr. and Mr. English messieurs 's 1779 first documented, Messrs. 1793. The abbreviation was "mech-ourz", "Meschurs", "Messurs, Messyurs" or pronounced "méshers". May used the salutation in the form of Mesch'schurs already in his early novel Old Firehand (1875), later explained the derivation and in 1896 gave the pronunciation "Meschĕrs". It appears in May's spelling with the writers Franz Werfel and Carl Zuckmayer , with Franz Josef Degenhardt in the form Mesch'urs , with Ernst Friedrich Löhndorff as Meschurs .

Forms in the French-speaking area

During the French Ancien Régime , Monsieur was the only address for the (possibly eldest) brother of the ruling king.

(See for example and above all the Duke of Orléans , brother of the " Sun King " Louis XIV. )

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ z. B. [Attributed to Karl Christian Ludwig Schmidt:] Reineke the fox, improved by Johannes Ballhorn, the younger. Trowitzsch, Frankfurt / Oder and Berlin, undated [dated: 1805], p. 23, p. 56
  2. ↑ cf. Hans H. Hiebel: Lenz and Schiller. The dramatic language that is symptomatic of experience. In: Jeffrey L. High et al. (Editor): Who is this Schiller now? Essays on his reception and significance. Pp. 25–36, here p. 32
  3. ^ Oxford English Dictionary . London 1989, 2nd edition, sv messieurs
  4. ↑ Joseph Wilson: A French and English dictionary. London 1833, sv Messieurs, online
  5. ↑ Joseph Gambihler: handbook for travelers to London and its surroundings. Munich 1844, p. 225, online
  6. ↑ William Colgrove: Multum in parvo. An improved grammar of the English language. Cleveland 1852, p. 63, online
  7. ^ Rudolf Thum: Notes on Macaulay's History. In: English Studies. Volume 9 (1886), p. 413, online with US proxy
  8. ↑ Karl May: Old Firehand . In: Deutsches Familienblatt , Issue 12 (1875), p. 189, online
  9. ^ Karl May: German hearts - German heroes. Dresden 1885–1888, cited from the online version ( memento of the original from March 5, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed April 1, 2011 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / charlymay.npage.de
  10. ^ Karl May (attributed to), in: Der Gute Kamerad. Volume 10 (1896), p. 294, quoted from: The Black Mustang. Karl May Works III.7. Bamberg, Radebeul 2008, p. 461
  11. ^ Franz Werfel: Bocksgesang. Munich 1921, p. 58
  12. ^ Carl Zuckmayer: The happy vineyard. Plays 1917–1925. Frankfurt am Main 1995, et al. P. 217
  13. ^ Franz Josef Degenhardt: Brandstellen. Munich 1975, p. 21
  14. ^ Ernst Friedrich Löhndorff: Happiness in Malina. Berlin 1958, p. 226