Montafonerhaus
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The Montafonerhaus (also Montafoner Haus ) is a house shape typical of the Montafon from the 15th to the 20th century in a stone-wood composite construction. It formed the main component of the Montafon cultural landscape and was a peculiarity of the valley.
construction
In the Montafon, the Rhaeto-Romanic stone house, which had its origins in Graubünden , and the wooden Walser house , originating in Valais , developed into a separate house form in stone-wood mixed construction. The whitewashed walls form a clear contrast to the black and brown wooden walls.
The Montafonerhaus is a hall kitchen house , the gable of which is oriented towards the valley, so that the water running down from the roof runs down the valley parallel to the eaves and does not penetrate the building. The flat roof is a snow roof with an angle at 23 to 25 degrees and was originally a heavy roof (trisubstituted by laying shingles covered with drill collars and heavy stones).
The wall with the entrance door (usually in the shape of a round arch ) and the rooms behind it (front building and kitchen) are made of stone, the rest of the house has wooden walls. Two basic types can be distinguished, depending on where the entrance door is: With Type I it is in the gable wall facing the valley, with Type II the entrance is on the side on the wind-protected eaves side.
The house is heated by a central tiled stove , which is supplemented in the living room by a brick bench, the so-called Kuschbank , permeated by warm smoke . In the room there is usually also a Herrgottswinkel (Jesus on the cross in the corner, to the right and left of it pictures of Maria and Joseph) with a Montafon table (square or octagonal with sloping legs and a slate top in the middle), corner bench and chairs. The room often has a coffered ceiling and the walls are paneled with wood.
On the bad weather side of the Montafonerhaus there is a clump of timber -framed timber ; it is often preferred to keep out the drafts. Near the entrance, in a sheltered, sunny place, there is often a resting place with a bench, the so-called Bsetzi .
Outbuildings
There is often a small herb and vegetable garden near the house, which is secured against cattle and game by a fence. The hay barn, built almost entirely of wood, is ten to twenty meters away from the house; together they form a farm for couples . There is often near another Selch , a small wooden shed for smoking.
literature
- Josef Zurkirchen : Heimatbuch St. Gallenkirch - Gortipohl - Gargellen . 2nd edition 1997. ISBN 3-85430-101-4
- Friedl Haas: The Montafonerhaus and its stable . Montafon series of publications 3. Bludenz 2001. ISBN 3-902225-00-9
