Montafon
Coordinates: 47 ° 2 ′ 3 ″ N , 9 ° 57 ′ 1 ″ E
The Montafon ( ) is a 39 kilometer long valley in Vorarlberg ( Austria ), which extends from the Bielerhöhe to Bludenz and is traversed by the Ill . The valley is bordered in the north by the Verwall group and in the south by the Rätikon and the Silvretta . The highest point in the area is the 3,312 m high Piz Buin in the Silvretta group.
geography
The Montafon is divided by a narrowing of the valley between St. Gallenkirch and Schruns, the so-called "Fratte", into the Innerfratte above the Fratte and the Ausserfratte below the Fratte.
Communities
The communities in the Montafon all belong to the Bludenz district . In the geographical sense they are (downwards):
- Gaschurn ( 979 m ) consists of the towns of Gaschurn and Partenen ( 1051 m )
- St. Gallenkirch ( 878 m ); with the districts of Gargellen ( 1423 m ) and Gortipohl ( 950 m )
- Schruns ( 690 m )
- Tschagguns ( 697 m )
- Silbertal ( 899 m )
- Bartholomäberg ( 1087 m )
- Vandans ( 648 m )
- St. Anton im Montafon ( 650 m )
These eight municipalities together have 16,394 inhabitants. (As of January 1, 2020)
The municipalities
are attributed to either the Montafon or the Walgau for historical reasons that cannot be clearly interpreted in one or the other direction . Due to the considerable difference in altitude between St. Anton im Montafon and Lorüns, Lorüns is orographically outside the Montafon, namely at the level of the Bludenzer valley basin , as is Stallehr. In terms of regional planning, the two communities do not belong to the Montafon, but to the greater Bludenz area ( Alpine region Bludenz ), even though Lorüns is commonly described as being at the entrance to the Montafon valley. The locals also feel that Stallehr is at the entrance to the Klostertal .
This means that the ten municipalities of the Montafon have a total of 16,920 inhabitants. (As of January 1, 2020)
The community association of the valley, the partnership Stand Montafon - as a public-law representation, which at the same time represents a spatial planning region of the state level - is the undivided property of all ten communities (stand communities), i.e. Bartholomäberg, Gaschurn, Lorüns, Silbertal, Schruns, Stallehr, St. Anton i. M., St. Gallenkirch, Tschagguns and Vandans.
| Montafon Tourism | |
|---|---|
| legal form | Company with limited liability |
| founding | 2009 (Montafon Tourist Office: 1949) |
| Seat | Schruns |
| management | Manuel Bitschnau MBA (GF) |
| Number of employees | 34 |
| Branch | Tourism marketing |
| Website | www.montafon.at |
These communities in the Montafon (excluding Lorüns and Stallehr) belong to the tourism association of the Montafon tourist region - an amalgamation of the communities and the Golm Silvretta Lünersee Tourismus GmbH as well as the local mountain railways.
The two communities Schruns and Tschagguns traditionally work together, Gaschurn always mentions its village Partenen, and the St. Gallenkirchner locality Gargellen has its own tourism agency. The two communities St. Gallenkirch and Gaschurn also appeared together in the past under the name Hochmontafon . Meanwhile, the name Hochmontafon is history, as Montafon Tourismus now covers the whole valley. Overall, the appearance as a closed, shared region predominates today.
In particular, the amalgamation of all ten municipalities to form the former common judicial district of Montafon - whereby the seat of the district court was in Schruns - also corresponds to this view of the Montafon region. The judicial district was closed on July 1, 2017 and connected to the Bludenz judicial district, which now corresponds to the area of the political district. The formerly independent Montafon District Court was dissolved and its jurisdiction transferred to the Bludenz District Court.
Neighboring regions
- The surrounding mountain groups are in italics
| Walgau with Bludenzer valley basin | Klostertal | Arlberg · Stanzer Tal (Tyrol) |
| Rätikon with Brandnertal |
.svg)
|
Verwallgruppe North Silvretta · Paznaun (Tyrol) |
|
Rätikon Prättigau (Canton of Graubünden, Switzerland) |
West Silvretta |
Middle Silvretta Lower Engadine (Canton of Graubünden, Switzerland) |
Deanery Montafon
traffic
The Silvrettastraße L / B 188 with the toll pass section, the Silvretta-Hochalpenstraße , connects the Montafon with the Paznaun in the state of Tyrol . The Bludenz – Schruns ( Montafonerbahn ) railway runs from Bludenz to Schruns . An extension of this railway line to Partenen is in planning.
history
As archaeological and botanical studies show, humans settled in the Montafon as early as 5,000 years ago. There are remains of a 3500 year old settlement in the Friagawald near Bartholomäberg , which was part of a mighty Bronze Age castle complex .
The Montafon was originally settled by Rhaeto-Romans who immigrated from Walgau and Graubünden . A large number of Rhaeto-Romanic mountain, river, place, field and family names still bear witness to this today (such as Albona, Gafluna, Montjola, Silvretta, Tilisuna).
As presumably in the Bronze and Iron Ages , the Montafon was a center of mining throughout the Middle Ages : iron, copper and silver were extracted here. In the late Middle Ages - from around 1300 - the Silberer in the mining industry in the Silbertal and the Walser people involved in clearing high mountain slopes moved to the Montafon. The Romanesque and later German settlement was mainly organized by the Count Meierhof in St. Peter near Bludenz. On October 13, 1319, Frederick the Fair (fridericus rex romanorum) confirmed to Albrecht I, Count von Werdenberg , that he was allowed to transfer the silver mine and the mountain Mvntafúne to his brother argentifodinam seu montem dictum Mvntafúne . This statement is important in many ways: The name "Mvntafúne", i.e. Montafon, appears for the first time, and also in connection with mining, which is documented for this time on the Kristberg by means of tree ring dating ( dendrochronology ). The word argentifodinam , meaning “silver mine ”, is clear evidence of silver mining.
In the second half of the 14th century, like elsewhere, mining in the Montafon probably declined significantly. One reason may be found in the plague epidemics of that time.
Politically, the Montafon, located in Churrätien , belonged to the domain of the Counts of Werdenberg from around 1258 to 1418/1420 , who founded the city of Bludenz between 1259 and 1296 . The the federal government if the lake -resolution closed in Konstanz peace was in 1408 among others by the compatriots in the Montafon with its two crossed keys having Siegel confirmed.
After the rule passed to the House of Habsburg, little changed for the mining industry. Important representatives of the authorities remained. Therefore the Habsburgs leased the area to the Montforter Count Wilhelm V zu Tettnang , who appointed the administrator Junker Hardegen von Rudberg, who had already exercised this office during the Werdenbergs. At the same time, the peasants and citizens of Europe rebelled against the existing rule in the 15th and 16th centuries: They fought for more rights, the Reformation movement began, and peasant revolts broke out in Germany, especially in southern Germany.
Bludenz and the Montafon were integrated into the Habsburg Empire and were involved in its military conflicts, especially with their western neighbors, the Confederates. A decisive event during the Swabian War in 1499 was the Battle of Frastanz , in which around 500 Walgauers, including Montafon miners, were killed. The Habsburgs ruled Vorarlberg from the 15th century and with it the places in the Montafon, alternating from Tyrol and Upper Austria ( Freiburg im Breisgau ), from Innsbruck even after 1867, when Vorarlberg became the crown land. The Montafon belonged to the Bludenz rule . From 1805 to 1814 the Montafon belonged to the Kingdom of Bavaria , from 1814 back to Austria .
With the reorganization of the Vorarlberg court districts in 1806, the entire Montafon was subordinated to the newly installed Sonnenberg district court with its seat in Bludenz, from which today's political district has developed.
The Montafon was part of the French occupation zone in Austria from 1945 to 1955 .
Coat of arms and seal
The coat of arms and seal of the Montafon residents shows: Two black, crossed keys
in a silver shield .
- The key in the escutcheon is a sign of openness.
- He is also a symbol for Peter .
The symbol of the crossed keys is taken from the papal coat of arms , it has been used since the early 15th century and is based on this story: During the Appenzell War (1405–1408), the Montafon people organized themselves into one “country” and used two symbols in the coat of arms crossed keys derived from Hof St. Peter (near Bludenz). This coat of arms was later arbitrarily redesigned to become the papal coat of arms by adding a triple papal crown to the coat of arms . This was justified by the fact that Pope John XXIII. on the way to the Council of Constance was carried in a sedan chair from the Klostertal over the Kristberg to the Montafon in order to escape the plague and then given them the right. In 1700 Pope Innocent XII allowed the Montafon people officially take control of this coat of arms.
Today, the Montafon municipal association carries the coat of arms .
Origin of name and spelling
The name Montafon is of Rhaeto-Romanic origin. Romansh was spoken in the Montafon until the 15th century. There are different theories about the exact origin of the name: The historical name "Montavon" could be derived from mont , "Berg before, Vorberg, Vorderberg" (possibly Vorarlberg? See Etymology of the Arlberg ) or from munt tovun , "perforated mountain" "," Grubenberg " Other attempts to explain it are “Bergbrunn”, “Stillalpenberg” or a doubling of the term “mountain”.
The Landammann Johann Ignaz Vonier and the Landschreiber Johann Theodor Fritz declared their home valley Muntafon as "Brunnenthal" on June 2, 1806 in response to a request from the new Bavarian government . From 1956 to 1957 there was a heated dispute over the spelling of the name Montafon with "f" or "v".
economy
Agriculture
Montafon farm animal breeds
Montafon Brown Swiss
This Brown Swiss is a descendant of Torfrindes . It originated from various gray-brown fields in Switzerland, Vorarlberg and Allgäu. The well-known Montafon Brown Swiss also has blood from Eringers . In order to improve the milk yield, the native Brown Swiss cattle were displaced from around 1960 through crossbreeding with Brown-Swiss . This increasingly led to the displacement of the original type with all its advantages - today the Austrian population has an average Brown-Swiss share of over 75 percent.
The original Braunvieh is uniformly brown, of medium weight, well muscled with a light eel line and a dark tongue. Compared to Brown-Swiss, it is smaller and lighter - therefore ideally suited for the three-tier economy in mountain farming regions.
Every year in September the traditional alpine drives take place in the Montafon, during which the Montafon brown cattle are dressed up. The Alpabtrieb has a centuries-old tradition in the Montafon and represents the festive culmination of the farming year.
Montafon stone sheep
The Montafon Stone Sheep is an endangered breed of sheep that has been displaced by larger and more fattening breeds. Since 1989 a stud book to avoid inbreeding has been established. Since then, the breed has been bred all over Vorarlberg again. As a result, the number of Montafon stone sheep has increased slightly, even if the numbers are still very low to this day. A study carried out in 2002 revealed a very large genetic distance to all other Austrian sheep breeds. There are monochrome white, black, brown to beige and gray as well as spotted animals. The Montafon Stone Sheep is considered frugal, robust and adaptable. It is suitable for grazing and keeping extensive grassland such as slopes and alpine areas open. The mixed wool of the sheep is of high quality, but today it is mostly not processed or recycled, but disposed of.
Maisäß landscape
A special form of the alp is called Maisäß : cleared area with huts and stables. On each Maisäß there is at least one small house or hut and stable. Maize meadows and the associated landforms are an expression of a traditional form of land use in the Montafon, the history of which goes back to the three-tier economy of agriculture. Today, many maize jars are no longer cultivated, as they have often lost their former importance due to structural changes in agriculture.
Timber industry
The Montafon has 14,000 hectares of forest, almost half of which is owned by the Montafon stand. On an annual average (as of 2008), around 30,000 solid cubic meters of wood are felled in the Montafon. The forest is the backbone of the valley and secures the living and economic space. The value of a hectare of forest in the mountains is not only measured in terms of the achievable timber revenue, but also in terms of the protective function for securing the living space. In the mountains, this is particularly threatened by extreme precipitation, which can lead to landslides, and increasingly by hurricane-like storms caused by the greenhouse effect.
Power generation
The illwerke vkw AG operates in Montafon 10 hydropower plants , the peak load generating -Energy for the national and international electricity market. With the construction of the Vermuntwerk , which was started during the Second World War and started again in 1946, Austria's first major technical project of the reconstruction period came into being in Montafon.
tourism
Tourism reached the Montafon around 1860 . Today it is the most important line of business (see also the list of ski areas in Austria ). The valley is easily accessible through the Silvretta High Alpine Road . It is a popular vacation destination in both summer and winter. The total of approx. 20,000 guest beds (approx. 1300 hosts) are between 650 and 1430 m above sea level, surrounded by mountains up to 3312 m (Piz Buin). Around 2 million overnight stays are counted every year. The construction of the Montafonerbahn in 1905 contributed to the development . The Illwerke endeavored to tourist use of the power stations, and their successor companies illwerke vkw is through the subsidiary Golm Silvretta Lünersee tourism who are still working in the tourism infrastructure. The Montafon consists of 11 tourist locations and 8 tourist communities.
Winter sports
In the Montafon there are the five ski areas Golm , Silvretta Montafon , Gargellen , Silbertal-Kristberg and Silvretta-Bielerhöhe with a total of 60 cable cars and lifts and 225 kilometers of marked runs (blue: 93.6 kilometers, red: 66.8 kilometers, black: 11.5 kilometers) including 53.2 kilometers of ski routes. There are also two ice rinks and five curling rinks.
Various freeride areas can also be found in the Montafon, for example the Novatal, Hochjoch or Gargellen. Numerous groomed, partly illuminated hiking trails with a total length of 290 kilometers are available for winter hiking, and there are 150 kilometers of marked out snowshoe routes for snowshoe tours.
The Montafon is also a popular area for freestylers with various fun parks, the largest is in the Silvretta Montafon ski area: the Montafon Snow Park at the Fredakopf lift.
In addition, there are a total of around 121 kilometers of classic cross-country ski trails and around 33 kilometers of skating trails in the Montafon, including the highest cross-country trails in Vorarlberg with different levels of difficulty. There are ten Alpine Club refuges in the Montafon. In the ski network with the Brandnertal , 74 cable cars and lifts are in operation and there are 289.5 kilometers of slopes including 58.1 ski routes (blue: 115.6 km, red: 96.8 km, black: 19 km).
summer
In summer the Montafon offers over 1130 kilometers of marked hiking trails, some of which are particularly suitable for children or prams (“Muntafuner Gagla Weg”). Three hiking trails in the Montafon are certified with the Austrian hiking seal of approval (Gauertaler AlpkulTour, the smuggler path and the Gaschurn Partenen Galtür cultural and landscape trail). Nine mountain railways in the Montafon are also in operation in summer; in the card network with the Brandnertal, up to 17 mountain railways can be used in summer. Many of the hiking trails can also be used as Nordic walking routes.
There are 270 kilometers of cycle, mountain bike and e-bike routes available for cyclists and mountain bikers. The routes are each signposted and, in particular, the mountain bike routes are marked according to their degree of difficulty, analogous to the three-color system of the ski slopes. The Silvretta High Alpine Road is a popular route for racing cyclists with inclines of up to 14 percent. The M3 Montafon Mountain Bike Marathon takes place annually in summer. In addition, an e-bike network with 28 exchange and charging stations is available in the Montafon.
There are 15 via ferratas and eight climbing gardens in the Montafon. The reservoirs of the illwerke vkw, Lünersee, Kops and Silvretta , as well as the “Roter Stein” quarry pond are popular fishing spots.
26 Alpine Club huts and shelters as well as various hiking buses are available in summer.
Recreational facilities
- Golf course in Schruns-Tschagguns of the Montafon Golf Club. A 9-hole course with the longest fairway in western Austria (552 m length)
- Silvretta Golf Club: the highest golf course in Vorarlberg, 9-hole course
- Minigolf course Aktivpark Montafon: 18-hole course at the valley station of the Hochjochbahn in Schruns
- Gaschurn mini golf course
- Alpenbad Montafon outdoor pool in Tschagguns
- Leisure park Mountain Beach Gaschurn, 2 natural bathing lakes
- Rätikonbad Vandans
- Aquarena St. Gallenkirch, all-weather pool
- Partenen outdoor pool
- Various public indoor pools in hotels
- Alpine-Coaster-Golm: Summer and winter toboggan run with two-seater sledges, the run leads from Latschau to Vandans. Drivers can set their own pace; a 360 ° gyro, fourteen 180 ° bends and many jumps are integrated.
- Flying Fox Golm: A steel cable stretched over the Latschau reservoir enables a "flight" over the lake. During the flight, a height difference of 47.5 m and a length of 565 m are overcome; a speed of up to 70 km / h is achieved. The starting platform is at the Waldseilpark Golm, the rope leads to the landing platform at the Alpine-Coaster-Golm.
- Waldseilpark-Golm: The largest forest rope park in Vorarlberg with 11 courses and 79 exercises in 3 levels of difficulty.
- Aktivpark Montafon (indoor and outdoor sports leisure park)
Culture
Montafon house
From the Rhaeto-Romanic and Walser houses , an architectural form of the houses developed that is unique to the valley. A new shape was created in a stone-wood composite construction. As an independent design, it is known as the Montafonerhaus . In all of Austria and the entire Alpine region there is no other such small valley that has its own type of house. The Montafonerhaus forms the main component of the Montafon cultural landscape.
Montafon table
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The Montafon table has a square or usually octagonal table top decorated with inlays , with a slate in the middle , on inclined feet with a drawer. The slate prevented hot pans or pots from being burned in and served as a writing board. Bodenbrettchen which connect the feet just above the ground, are used for convenient positioning of the feet and idlers or Vergelt God mentioned.
This usually includes a corner bench , two or more chairs, and the Herrgottswinkel with a cross and two votive pictures .
The oldest surviving Montafon tables date from around 1700.
Montafon costume
Typical elements of the Montafon costume are:
- the dress , the Juppe
- two types of jackets ( Glögglitschopa and Schlutta ),
- a richly embroidered breast cloth
- special headgear
- the Mäßli , probably the oldest headgear of women made of wool felt , dyed black (named after the pot-like appearance of an old man. Dimensions and weights (German-speaking area )
- the fur cap , oval round, the top with an opening of black otter fur made
- the fast one imported from the French for cold winter months
- the later emerged sandpaper . He is by the producer, Hatter Sander in Schruns been named
- the Schäppele (Krönele) - female headdress, especially that of the Virgin, is artfully composed of fine silver and gold, ruffled metal threads and small metal flowers and glass beads to form a semi-circular crown approx. 8 cm in diameter.
The combination of the costumes listed here is subject to strict traditions that are understood differently. What is striking is the wealth of shapes and materials, which contrasts with the economical reuse of used materials.
A specialty of the Montafon costume is the girl's costume - only unmarried girls are allowed to wear them with long, white sleeves. Likewise, the little crown (Schäppele) was only allowed to be worn at church festivals and was a sign of the unmarried status.
On 5 November 1958, brought Austrian Post to this design a definitive stamp of the stamp series "costumes from Austria" to 20 pence out.
Montafon sour cheese
The Montafon sour cheese or Muntafunr Sura Kees (dialect: Sura Kees or Sura Käs stands for sour cheese ) is a sour milk cheese that has been made in the Montafon since the 12th century. The Montafon thus has one of the oldest traditions in cheese production in the Alpine region.
Ernest Hemingway and the Montafon
The later Nobel Prize winner Ernest Hemingway spent two months of winter holidays in Schruns (winter 1924/1925 and winter 1925/1926). In his works Snow on Kilimanjaro and Paris - A Festival for Life , the American author wrote extensively about the region and made it internationally known.
Attractions
The Montafon Heritage Protection Association runs the museums:
- Montafon local museum Schruns : one of the oldest local museums in the Alpine region. The beginning of the collection dates back to the beginning of the 20th century. Objects of folklore interest from the entire valley, Montafon traditional costumes and folk art as well as components of Montafon living culture are exhibited.
- Montafon Tourism Museum Gaschurn : Opened in 1992. The museum is located in the old Frühmesshaus. The history of tourism was presented here until 2009, and since then it has had a focus on the history of the Alps.
- Montafon Mining Museum in Silbertal : Opened in 1996. The museum in the Silbertal municipal office shows the history of mining in the Montafon right up to the present day.
- Museum Frühmesshaus Bartholomäberg : In the Frühmesshaus Bartholomäberg, which has existed since 1657, changing special exhibitions related to the Montafon have been shown since 2009.
Other museums, exhibitions and sights in the Montafon:
- Historical mine Bartholomäberg (since 2010): The only show mine in Vorarlberg. Around 115 meters of the "St. Anna tunnel", the actual length of which is unknown, are accessible to visitors.
- Vermunt water adventure gallery (since 2004): The 1.5 kilometer long gallery tells the story of hydropower.
- Technikmuseum Alte Sperrkammer Trominier (since 2010): You can visit a decommissioned lock chamber of the Vermuntwerk, which has been preserved in its original state along with all the closing organs.
- Energie.raum - the information center of illwerke vkw AG in Gaschurn- Partenen : the information center presents the history of illwerke vkw on the one hand, and the interactive exhibition on the other hand, lets visitors learn something about the natural and cultural region of Montafon as well as the use of hydropower and energy generation and power plant construction.
- Miners' Chapel St. Agatha in Silbertal: The oldest church in the Montafon. Erected around 1400, the Agathakirche first appeared in the documents around 1450. According to legend, the construction of the church goes back to a vow made by buried miners and, according to tradition, it now stands directly on the former tunnel exit of the tunnel accident. It was dedicated to the patron saint of fine smiths and bell founders, Agatha of Catania, in order to establish a connection with copper and silver mining on the Kristberg.
- Winter sports exhibition then and now in Tschagguns:: The places Schruns and Tschagguns are among the oldest winter sports locations in the Alps. The permanent exhibition in the municipal office in Tschagguns shows the development of winter sports in Montafon, and the most successful racers in the valley are presented.
- Power plant tour - Kopswerk I: The Kopswerk I of illwerke vkw in Partenen is open to visitors from July to September.
- Kunstforum Montafon: The exhibition venue is the former loden factory in Schruns. The exhibition program mainly shows contemporary Austrian visual art.
Other cultural and natural sights in the Montafon:
- Montafon Nordic (ski jumping facility in Tschagguns)
- Hemingway exhibition in Schruns & Gaschurn
- Gauertal alpine culture
- Kristbergsiedlung
- Madrisa Gargellen mountain range
- Silvretta-Bielerhöhe with Piz Buin
- Silvretta High Alpine Road
- Zimba (the "Vorarlberger Matterhorn")
- European protected area Verwall and European protected area Wiegensee
- Gauertal with the mountain range Drei Türme in the Rätikon
- Fritzensee in Bartholomäberg
- Saarbrücker Hütte with Litzner Seehorn
- Gantekopf
- Baroque church Bartholomäberg
- Langsee in the European protected area Verwall
- Kreuzjoch
- Maisäß Ganeu - one of the oldest in the Montafon
- Lünersee
- Europatreppe 4000 parts
Cultural monuments:
- → Monument protection objects in Bartholomäberg , Gaschurn , Lorüns , St. Anton , St. Gallenkirch , Schruns , Silbertal , Stallehr , Tschagguns , Vandans
Events
- FIS World Cup Montafon (ski cross, snowboard cross)
- FIS World Cup Nordic Combined
- M³ Montafon mountain bike marathon
- Montafon Alpine Trophy (international youth football tournament with 1,200 participants)
- Montafon resonances (cultural event)
- Silvretta Classic Rallye Montafon (oldtimers & e-cars)
- Montafon Arlberg Marathon
- Montafon sagas
- Open Faces Silvretta Montafon (freeride event)
In addition to the traditional alpine drive, the traditional events include the solstice celebrations in June to celebrate the longest day of the year with glowing fires on the peaks, as well as the burning of sparks . On Spark Sunday, the first Sunday after Ash Wednesday, the traditional burning of the spark witch, the slamming of the discs and the swinging of torches on the mountain and in the valley will drive out winter and greet spring.
literature
- A. Nistler: Montafon. With 4 illustrations. In: From rock to sea. Spemann's Illustrated Journal for the German House , 22nd year, Vol. 2, 1903, pp. 1747–1750.
- Hermann Sander: Contributions to the history of the Montafon coat of arms. Wagner, Innsbruck 1903 digitized
- Hilda Heine, Jörg Heine: Montafon . 2nd Edition. Rother Bergverlag, Munich 1983, ISBN 978-3-7633-3244-1 ( rother.de ).
- Hermine and Walther Flaig: Alpenpark Montafon. Guide and small local history of the Montafon valley in Vorarlberg / Austria. Russ, Schwarzach, 13th, increased and improved edition. 1998, ISBN 3-85258-012-9 .
-
Andreas Rudigier , Michael Kasper (ed.): The Montafon in past and present . (Montafoner Heimatbuch). Edited on behalf of the Montafon stand.
- Volume 1: Judith Maria Rollinger, Robert Rollinger (ed.): Montafon 1: Human - History - Environment . Schruns 2005, ISBN 3-902225-15-7 .
- Contributions: Raphael Nagy: The Montafon. Natural structure . P. 15–24 • Christian Wolkersdorfer: Geological conditions in the Montafon and adjacent areas . P. 25–56 ( pdf , online ) • Richard Werner: Climate and Weather in the Montafon . P. 57–92 • Dietmar Jäger: The animal world of the Montafon . P. 93–140 • Herbert Waldegger: The flora of the Montafon . P. 141–182 • Klaus Oeggl , Werner Kofler, Notburga Wahlmüller: Pollen analysis studies on the history of vegetation and settlement in the Montafon . P. 183–208 • Klaus Pfeifer: Climate- historical interpretation of extreme spruce growth in the Montafon from 1500 to 1985 . Pp. 209–226 • Eugen Gabriel, Arno Ruoff: Sounds and forms of the Montafon dialects . P. 227–238 • Hubert Klausmann: The vocabulary of the Montafon dialects . Pp. 239–258 • Guntram Plangg: Two historical documents on Bartholomäberg . Pp. 259–204 • Christian Stadelmann / Markus Stadelmann: The Brown Swiss . A representation . Pp. 305–317 • Bibliography p. 318, name register, place register, etc. a.
- Volume 2: Robert Rollinger (Ed.): Montafon 2. Settlement - Mining - Relics: from the Stone Age to the end of the Middle Ages . tape 2 . Hohenems 2009, ISBN 978-3-902679-82-6 .
- Contributions: Klaus Oeggl : Man and the environment from the Neolithic to today: a pollen analysis contribution to the settlement history of the Montafon. P. 50–65 • Alois Niederstätter: The Middle Ages . P. 92–125 • Andreas Hachfeld: Settlement structures and social groups in the late Middle Ages . P. 126–177 • Karl Heinz Burmeister: “Montafonium Nostrum”: the Montafon around and after 1500; from the Swiss War to the Thirty Years War. S. 178–227 • Nicole D. Ohneberg: The case law in the Montafon using the example of the Märzengericht . P. 228–243 • Klaus Pfeifer: Traces of medieval architecture in the Montafon . P. 244–257 • Karsten Wink: Castle archeology in the Montafon: the investigations on the ruins of Diebschlössle and Valcastiel . Pp. 258–269 • Franz J. Huber: The castle in Valcastiel . P. 270–280 • Andreas Rudigier: A short medieval art history of the Montafon . P. 283–321 • Christoph Walser: History made of rubble and ashes: archaeological investigations in the refectory of the Dominican convent of St. Peter in Bludenz . P. 322–331 Volume 3: Manfred Tschaikner (Ed.): Montafon 3: Society - Economy - Mentalities. Schruns 2018, ISBN 978-3-902225-79-5 . Contributions: Manfred Tschaikner : History of the Montafon from the late 16th to the middle of the 18th century. P. 9–144 • Michael Kasper : Uprisings, wars, crises. The Montafon at the turn of the 18th to the 19th century. Pp. 145–250 • Andreas Rudigier : A foray into the history of art in the 17th and 19th centuries. Pp. 251-324
- Volume 1: Judith Maria Rollinger, Robert Rollinger (ed.): Montafon 1: Human - History - Environment . Schruns 2005, ISBN 3-902225-15-7 .
- Jochen Hofmann, Christian Wolkersdorfer: The historical mining in the Montafon . Heimatschutzverein Montafon, Schruns 2013, ISBN 978-3-902225-51-1 . ( Digitized version )
Web links
- Community partnership stand Montafon
- Montafon Tourism portal
- Montafon on the Vorarlberg Tourism platform
- Free digital picture archive with pictures from the Montafon
Individual evidence
- ↑ Hermine and Walther Flaig: Alpenpark Montafon. Guide and small local history of the Montafon valley in Vorarlberg / Austria. Verkehrsverband Montafon, Schruns, 8th, increased and improved edition. 1972, p. 134.
- ↑ a b History of Lorüns , website of the community
- ↑ a b History of Stallehr , website of the community
- ↑ Professional representation . Stand Montafon
- ^ Company Montafon Tourismus ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . Commercial register data Creditreform / firmenabc.at
- ^ Company Montafon Tourismus GmbH . Commercial register data Creditreform / firmenabc.at
- ^ Hochmontafon: St. Gallenkirch-Gortipohl, Gaschurn-Partenen and Gargellen
- ^ Company Hochmontafon Tourismus GmbH . Commercial register data Creditreform / firmenabc.at
- ↑ Vorarlberg Tourism → Regions
- ↑ District Court of Montafon: Official closure on vorarlberg.orf.at on December 13, 2016
- ^ B. Bilgeri: The time of the Rhaeto-Romans in the Montavon .
- ^ Lit. Montafoner Heimatbuch.
- ↑ Princely Archives in Donaueschingen 1885, 347; in the Latin document the name Albertus is used instead of Albrecht.
- ^ Compare Müller, 1925 with translation of the document
- ↑ [Pfeifer 2007, 93 ff]
- ↑ Whether the word argentifodina in the narrower sense means “silver mine” or was used more generally for “mining” cannot be determined with certainty. In Dasypodius' lexicon (Strasbourg 1536 75 column 3, keyword "Fodio") "Argentifodina" means "a sylberertz grub" in German. The Latin name of Banská Štavnica in Slovakia is "Argentifodina" in 1270 and S-charl also received an "argentifodinam in Valle dicta Sharla fita in Engandina" in 1317 (Sperges 1765, 279f). It is therefore obvious to be able to assume a connection between silver mining and "Mvntafúne". Weinzierl (1972, pp. 13-14) believes he can localize the silver mine in the “Kalandarsch” corridor in Bartholomäberg, as he derives the field name from “Kalanda” - Erzberg and “argient” - silver. However, he does not rule out the Kristberg as a possible location
- ↑ Niederstätter 1996, p. 71; see. Suhling 1976, p. 73, who speaks of the 14th century as a time of stagnation.
- ↑ Welti 1971, pp. 7-8
- ↑ Welti 1974a, p. 426; Burmeister 2009.
- ↑ Ferry Orschulik (web design) reigns in the Walgau. Image 29. In: Vorarlberg school media center: series of images → Walgau. S. For more information , accessed 7 July 2011 ( Home School Media Center ).
- ^ Hermann Sander : History of the Montafon coat of arms . 1903
- ↑ The legend of the Petrus Keys, kristberg.at
- ^ Guntram A. Plangg .: Surviving Rhaeto-Romanic verbs in Walgau (Vorarlberg) . In: Annalas da la Societad Retorumantscha . tape 106 , 1993, ISSN 0378-6870 , pp. 174-175 , doi : 10.5169 / seals-235843 .
- ^ JG Haditsch, H. Mostler: Jungalpidische Kupferverzungen in Montafon (Vorarlberg) . In: Geol. Paleont. Mitt. Innsbruck . tape 13 , no. February 12 , 1986, ISSN 0378-6870 , p. 277-296 ( PDF ).
- ↑ The Montafon Alpine SCENE and its history. (PDF, 47 kB) (No longer available online.) Formerly in the original ; Retrieved January 5, 2012 . ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Schruns community: Schrunser Zeittafel - 1928 to 2008 - overview, p. 1 ( pdf , 33 kB).
- ↑ Alpabtrieb in the Montafon ( montafon.at ).
- ↑ The Montafon Stone Sheep. ( montafoner-steinschaf.com ( Memento of the original from October 11, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ).
- ↑ Montafon Stone Sheep ( arche-austria.at ).
- ^ Alois Niederstätter, Elisabeth Fischer: Vorarlberger Illwerke AG. Vorarlberger Illwerke AG, Bregenz 1996, p. 15.
- ↑ Winter activities in the Montafon ( montafon.at )
- ↑ Summer activities in the Montafon ( montafon.at )
- ↑ Luise Jenny, Hans Netzer, Elisabeth Walch: Gold, Silk and Lüster - The Silbertaler Tracht as reflected in historical photographs. Exhibition 2008, Montafon Mining Museum Silbertal ( vorarlberg-netz.de ).
- ↑ Folk costumes - definitive series
- ↑ https://hemingwayswelt.de/ernest-hemingway-in-schruns/
- ↑ Museums and exhibitions ( Memento of the original of July 27, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , www.montafon.at
