Mothers against decapentaplegic
| Mothers against decapentaplegic | ||
|---|---|---|
| Mass / length primary structure | 455 amino acids , 50,505 daltons | |
| Cofactor | Zn 2+ | |
| Identifier | ||
| External IDs | ||
Mothers against decapentaplegic (MAD, dSMAD) is a protein from the group of SMAD proteins in fruit flies .
properties
MAD was discovered as the first representative of the group in fruit flies and became part of the name of the protein group. Some mutations (G409S) in the mother's mad gene prevent gene expression of the essential decapentaplegic gene in the embryo and is a lethal factor in the following generation, which is why the gene was named. Various homologous isoforms exist in humans (MAD1–7, MAD9). MAD is the effector in the BMP signal path. Furthermore, MAD is involved in various processes of embryonic development, e.g. B. in the development of neuromuscular synapses . MAD binds a zinc ion and binds to DNA as a transcription factor .
Individual evidence
- ↑ JJ Sekelsky, SJ Newfeld, LA Raftery, EH Chartoff, WM Gelbart: Genetic characterization and cloning of mothers against dpp, a gene required for decapentaplegic function in Drosophila melanogaster. In: Genetics. Volume 139, Number 3, March 1995, pp. 1347-1358, PMID 7768443 , PMC 1206461 (free full text).
- ^ S. Fischer, F. Bayersdorfer, E. Harant, R. Reng, S. Arndt, AK Bosserhoff, S. Schneuwly: fussel (fuss) - A negative regulator of BMP signaling in Drosophila melanogaster. In: PloS one. Volume 7, number 8, 2012, p. E42349, doi : 10.1371 / journal.pone.0042349 , PMID 22879948 , PMC 3413677 (free full text).
- ↑ W. Shi, Y. Chen, G. Gan, D. Wang, J. Ren, Q. Wang, Z. Xu, W. Xie, YQ Zhang: Brain tumor regulates neuromuscular synapse growth and endocytosis in Drosophila by suppressing mad expression . In: The Journal of neuroscience: the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience. Volume 33, number 30, July 2013, pp. 12352-12363, doi : 10.1523 / JNEUROSCI.0386-13.2013 , PMID 23884941 .