Munavvar Qori Abdurashidxon oʻgʻli

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Munavvar Qori Abdurashidxon oʻgʻli ( Cyrillic Мунаввар Қори Абдурашидхон ўғли; Arabic name منور قارى ابن عبد الرشيد خان, DMG Munauwar Qārī ibn ʿAbd ar-Rašīd Ḫān ; in modern Uzbek Munavvarqori Abdurashidxonov , Cyrillic Мунавварқори Абдурашидхонов; Russian Мунаввар Кары Абдрашитов Munawwar Kary Abduraschitow , Абдурашидов Abduraschidow , Абдурашидханов Abduraschidchanow or Абдурашидхонов Abduraschidchonow ; * 1878 or 1880 ; † 1931 or 1933 ) was an Uzbek Jadidist publicist and writer from Tashkent .

Life

Munavvar's title Qori ( Arabic قارئ, DMG qāriʾ  'reader') refers to his previous activity as a reader of the Koran at a mosque . He studied at the Yunusxon Madrasa in Tashkent and then spent some time in a madrasa in Bukhara until 1901 . Little is known about his motivation for his subsequent activities.

In 1901 Munavvar Qori opened the first reformed elementary school ( maktab ) in Tashkent and wrote Adib-i awwal ("the first teacher"), a Jadidist textbook. In 1906 he founded Xurshid , one of the first newspapers of the Central Asian reformers, and from then on earned recognition as the leader of the Central Asian Jadidists. The paper was called “the organ of Muslims, published two or three times a week in Turkish; a literary, scientific and sociopolitical organ ”announced, but appeared irregularly and disappeared again in November of the same year. In the following years Munavvar Qori brought out other newspapers which, like Xurshid, were soon banned. In 1914 and 1915 Sadoyi Turkiston appeared , which Munavvar Qori brought out together with Usmonxoʻja oʻgʻli .

Cover by Adib-i sani

In contrast to the Tatar models, Munavvar Qori did not criticize the Muslim religious leadership as such, only its individual failure. He remained in close contact with the ulama of all Jadidists and is therefore described as the “conservative end” of this movement. His educational policy message was to present children with understandable texts and not mystical medieval works. Munavvar Qori saw the Muslim society of Central Asia in a serious crisis - he believed that this more modern education could solve the social problems. Munavvar Qori also wrote some books (including a second textbook in 1911, Adib-i sani , "the second teacher") and occasionally poetic works in Uzbek and Tajik languages. In May 1916 he took part in a meeting at Mahmudxoʻja Behbudiy , the aim of which was to prevent the Turkestan population from being drawn into military service in the First World War .

Around 1920 he became involved in the development of drama and theater as a means of education and as an expression of local culture. Through his dedication, Tashkent had four or five drama centers in 1921. In 1922 he was education commissioner of the ASSR Turkestan for one term .

In 1925 Munavvar Qori was arrested as a politically active anti- Soviet . In the 1930s he disappeared into the gulags .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Cover picture by Adib-i sani ; in: Allworth 1990: p. 135
  2. ↑ a b c Khalid 1998: p. 95
  3. ↑ a b c In: Allworth 1989. p. 177
  4. ↑ Allworth 1990: 142
  5. ^ Khalid 1998: 96
  6. ↑ a b c In: Allworth 1989: p. 365
  7. ^ In: Allworth 1989: pp. 190f
  8. ^ In: Allworth 1989: p. 201
  9. ^ In: Allworth 1989: p. 192
  10. ↑ Khalid 1998: 103
  11. ↑ a b Allworth 1990: p. 137
  12. ↑ Khalid 2007: p. 41
  13. ↑ Allworth 1990: 159
  14. ↑ Allworth 1964: p. 217
  15. ^ Allworth 1964: 141
  16. ↑ Allworth 1964: p. 117
  17. ↑ Khalid 1998: p. 300

literature

  • Edward Allworth: Uzbek Literary Politics . Mouton & Co .; London, The Hague, Paris 1964.
  • Edward Allworth (ed.): Central Asia. 120 Years of Russian Rule . Duke University Press; Durham, London 1989. ISBN 0-8223-0912-2
    • Hélène Carrére d'Encausse: The Stirring of National Feeling ; Pp. 172-188
    • Hélène Carrére d'Encausse: Social and Political Reform ; Pp. 189-206
    • Edward Allworth: The Changing Intellectual and Literary Community ; Pp. 349-396
  • Edward Allworth: The Modern Uzbeks. From the Fourteenth Century to the Present. A cultural history . Hoover Institution Press; Stanford 1990. ISBN 0-8179-8731-2
  • Adeeb Khalid : The Politics of Muslim Cultural Reform. Jadidism in Central Asia . University of California Press; Berkeley, Los Angeles, London 1998. ISBN 0-520-21355-6
  • Adeeb Khalid: Islam after Communism: Religion and Politics in Central Asia . University of California Press; 2007. ISBN 978-0-520-24927-1
personal data
SURNAME Munavvar Qori Abdurashidxon oʻgʻli
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Мунаввар Қори Абдурашидхон ўғли (Cyrillic-Uzbek); منور قارى ابن عبد الرشيد خان (Arabic script); Munavvarqori Abdurashidxonov (modern Uzbek)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Uzbek writer and editor
DATE OF BIRTH 1878 or 1880
DATE OF DEATH 1931 or 1933