Museum of Jewish History and Culture of Bukovina

**Museum of Jewish History and Culture of Bukovina**
Chernivetskyi musej istoriji ta kultury jewrejiw Bukovyny
	; The museum in 2011 (left building)
Data
place	Chernivtsi , Ukraine
Art	Jewish Museum
Website	http://muzejew.org.ua/

The Museum of Jewish History and Culture of Bukovina ( Ukrainian Чернівецький музей історії та культури євреїв Буковини ) is located in Chernivtsi , the capital of Chernivtsi Oblast and the traditional capital of the Carpathian Bukovina .

Jewish history in Bukovina

The museum writes on its homepage:

“There was no pale of settlement here in Bukovina . Here the Jews achieved real equality with other peoples. An atmosphere of tolerance, mutual respect and cooperation prevailed here, not only rare for those years. It is here that Jewish culture flourished, affected and was influenced by other cultures. Here there was a lively and colorful religious life and a no less colorful and interesting worldly life. "

In 1774, Chernivtsi was occupied by Austria like all of Bukovina and in 1775 it was officially part of the Habsburg monarchy . In this initially part of the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria , the city had 5,400 inhabitants in 1816. In 1849 the Duchy of Bukowina was constituted as its own crown land with the provincial capital Chernivtsi, and in 1861 a parliament was established. In 1867 formed the dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary , the land belonged to 1918 to "the kingdoms and countries represented in the Reichsrat" ( Cisleithania ) with their common kk government in Vienna.

After the First World War, Bucovina came to Romania (see Bucovina and History of Romania ).

In the course of the war against the Soviet Union (from June 1941) the Wehrmacht occupied the area; Most of the Jews living there were killed on the spot in the Holocaust or deported to Transnistria .

In the spring of 1944 conquered troops of the Red Army , the Ukraine (see Dnieper-Carpathian Offensive , Battle of the Crimea ). The Army Groups of Northern and Southern Ukraine had previously occupied Ukraine, including the Crimean peninsula. Operation Bagration , which began in June 1944, led to the complete collapse of Army Group Center and the loss of 28 divisions of the Wehrmacht; It became clear that the Wehrmacht would no longer be able to turn the situation on the Eastern Front.

Anti-Semitism was widespread during the time of the Eastern Bloc (1945–1990) . Atheism was part of the Marxist-Leninist state doctrine; The practice of religion was politically opposed in many places.

After the collapse of the Soviet Union and the Eastern Bloc and the disappearance of the Iron Curtain , a significant part of the Bukovinian Jews emigrated in the 1990s.

museum

The museum focuses on the period from 1774 to the Second World War.

The permanent exhibition is located on 53 m² in two halls on the ground floor of the former Jewish National House.

The museum's collectibles are Judaica , documents, publications, tools and instruments of various professions, everyday objects and art objects. This also includes numerous audio, photo and video materials.

There are temporary exhibitions.