Muya
| Muya | ||
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| height | 664 m | |
| location | Sudan | |
| Mountains | isolated mountain in the Jazirah plain | |
| Coordinates | 13 ° 27 '39 " N , 33 ° 17' 56" E | |
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| First ascent | unknown | |
Muya ( Arabic جبل مويةJebel Muya; also Jabal Mayyah , Jebel Moya , Gebel Moya or Jebel Moya ) is a mountain in Sudan .
location
Muya lies in the Jazira Plain between the Blue and White Nile .
history
At the foot of the mountain, excavations took place between 1909 and 1914, which uncovered around 3,000 graves and remains of settlements (called site 100 ). The remains date from around 4500 BC. BC to 100 AD. They are known in technical literature as Jebel Moya .
The culture found here is divided into three stages:
- Phase I 4500-3000 BC Chr.
- Phase II 3000-800 BC Chr.
- Phase III 800 BC Chr – 100 BC Chr.
The older traces (phase I and II) point to a nomadic population who only visited this place temporarily and buried their dead here. There were simply decorated ceramics, stone tools, jewelry made from ostrich egg pearls and traces of cattle farming.
From 500 BC It seems to have been a permanent settlement here, although this cannot be said with certainty and the place perhaps only served as a temporary gathering and burial place for nomads living in this area. There are contacts to the Nubian Empire , iron and glazed pearls are now documented. It is not certain whether the place belonged to the sphere of influence of the Nubian state or whether these objects were only traded.
While the Nubian cultures in northern Sudan are strongly influenced by Egypt , the Jabal-Muya culture is influenced by Africa, so labrets were found in many graves , which were probably drilled through the lip and are not known in northern Nubia.
See also
literature
- F. Addison: Jebel Moya. Oxford University Press, London 1949
- Isabella Caneva: Jebel Moya revisited: a settlement of the 5th millennium BC in the middle Nile Basin. Antiquity, Vol. 65, No. 7, 1991, pp. 262-268
- Rudolf Gerharz: Jebel Moya , Meroitica 14, Berlin 1994, ISBN 3-05-002147-0
- JD Irish and L. Konigsberg: The ancient inhabitants of Jebel Moya redux: measures of population affinity based on dental morphology. International Journal of Osteoarchaeology, Vol. 17/2, 2006, pp. 138-156
- R. Mukherjee and CR Rao: The Ancient Inhabitants of Jebel Moya, Sudan. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1955
